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Study on Current Curriculum Analysis of Clinical Dental Hygiene for Dental Hygiene Students in Korea

국내 치위생(학)과 임상치위생학 교육과정 운영현황 분석

  • Choi, Yong-Keum (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University) ;
  • Han, Yang-Keum (Department of Dental Hygiene, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology) ;
  • Bae, Soo-Myoung (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin (Department of Dental Hygiene, Hallym Polytechnic University) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Jin (Department of Dental Hygiene, Dong-Eui University) ;
  • Ahn, Se-Youn (Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University) ;
  • Lim, Kun-Ok (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University) ;
  • Lim, Hee Jung (Department of Dental Hygiene, Eulji University) ;
  • Jang, Sun-Ok (Department of Dental Hygiene, Hallym Polytechnic University) ;
  • Jang, Yun-Jung (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Medical Science, Howon University) ;
  • Jung, Jin-Ah (Department of Dental Hygiene, Gwangyang Health Sciences University) ;
  • Jeon, Hyun-Sun (Department of Dental Hygiene, Yeoju Institiute of Technology) ;
  • Park, Ji-Eun (Dental Center, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hosptial) ;
  • Lee, Hyo-Jin (Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Shin, Bo-Mi (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 최용금 (선문대학교 건강보건대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 한양금 (대전보건대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 배수명 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치위생학과 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 김진 (한림성심대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 김혜진 (동의대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 안세연 (동남보건대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 임근옥 (선문대학교 건강보건대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 임희정 (을지대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 장선옥 (한림성심대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 장윤정 (호원대학교 보건의료대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 정진아 (광양보건대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 전현선 (여주대학교 치위생과) ;
  • 박지은 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 부속 목동병원 치과진료부) ;
  • 이효진 (서울대학교 치의학대학원 예방치학교실) ;
  • 신보미 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치위생학과 및 구강과학연구소)
  • Received : 2017.10.16
  • Accepted : 2017.11.21
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to standardize the clinical dental hygiene curriculum, based on analysis of current clinical dental hygiene curricula in Korea. We emailed questionnaires to 12 schools to investigate clinical dental hygiene curricula, from February to March, 2017. We analyzed the clinical dental hygiene curricula in 5 schools with a 3-year program and in 7 schools with a 4-year program. The questionnaire comprised nine items on topics relating to clinical dental hygiene, and four items relating to the dental hygiene process and oral prophylaxis. The questionnaire included details regarding the subject name, the grade/semester/credit system, course content and class hours, the number of senior professors, and the number of patients available for dental hygiene clinical training purposes. In total, there were 96 topics listed in the curricula relating to clinical dental hygiene training, and topics varied between the schools. There was an average of 20.4 topic credits, and more credits and hours were allocated to the 4-year program than to the 3-year program. On average, the ratio of students to professors was 21.4:1. Course content included infection control, concepts for dental hygiene processes, dental hygiene assessment, intervention and evaluation, case studies, and periodontal instrumentation. An average of 2 hours per patient was spent on dental hygiene practice, with an average of 1.9 visits. On average, student clinical training involved 19 patients and 26.6 patients in the 3-year and 4-year programs, respectively. The average participation time per student per topic was 38.0 hours and 53.1 hours, in the 3-year and 4-year programs, respectively. Standardizing the clinical dental hygiene curricula in Korea will require consensus guidelines on topics, the number of classes required to achieve core competencies as a dental hygienist, and theory and practice time.

국내 치위생(학)과를 대상으로 하여 임상치위생학 교육과정 운영 현황을 조사하고, 심층 분석한 결과 첫째, 임상치위생학 영역의 교과목 명칭은 전체 96개 과목으로 확인되었으며, 학교별로 매우 다양하게 나타났다. 그러나 전체 교과목 중 60.5%가 임상치위생학 또는 임상치위생학 및 실습이라는 명칭으로 사용하고 있었다. 둘째, 임상치위생학 교과목 운영은 졸업시점까지 평균 21.1학점을 이수하고, 15주차 수업으로 평균 471.3시간 수업을 운영하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교수 1인당 학생 수는 21.4명을 담당하였으며, 3년제에 비해 4년제에서 더 많은 학점과 시간을 배정하여 운영하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 임상치위생학의 교육주제와 내용에서는 감염관리, 치위생관리를 위한 기초 개념의 이해, 치위생사정, 중재 및 평가, 증례연구, 치주기구조작법 등으로 나타났다. 그러나 치위생관리과정의 개념, 치위생사정, 치아우식증, 치주질환 위험도 평가, 특별환자 관리, 전신질환자의 구강건강관리 등에 대한 수업운영내용은 3, 4년제 학제 간 차이가 컸으며, 사정과 수행 중심의 교육내용으로 운영되며, 학제 내에서도 교육운영내용의 차이가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 넷째, 대상자 실습은 대상자 1인당 평균 2시간 소요되었고, 평균 1.9회 내원하도록 하여 실습을 진행하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 졸업시점까지 필수적으로 진행하는 대상자 실습은 3년제의 경우 평균 총 19개의 케이스를, 4년제의 경우 평균 26.6개 케이스를 실습하고 있었고, 가장 적게는 15개의, 많게는 35개 케이스를 실습하였고, 학생 1인당 대상자 실습에 참여하는 시간은 3년제의 경우 평균 38.0시간, 4년제에서는 평균 53.1시간으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 일부 치위생(학)과를 대상으로 조사한 연구라 한계점은 있지만 임상치위생학 교육과정의 전체적인 흐름과 운영방식을 파악할 수 있었다. 학제를 떠나 임상치위생학의 교육과정 표준화를 위해서는 교과목 명칭, 졸업생 수준에서 치과위생사로서 달성해야 할 역량에 기반한 최소한의 수업운영내용, 이론과 실습시간, 학생수 대비 지도 교수자의 수 등에 대한 치위생계 내 합의 또는 가이드라인이 반드시 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 과정은 공적인 기관을 통해서 제도적 마련에 근거하여 변화할 수 있도록 노력해야 함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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