Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Placenta PCR and Maternal Serology of Aborted Women for Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Ardabil, Iran

  • Matin, Somaie (Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Shahbazi, Gholamreza (Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch) ;
  • Namin, Shervin Tabrizian (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Moradpour, Rouhallah (Ardabil University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Feizi, Farideh (Ardabil University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Piri-dogahe, Hadi (Department of Microbiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2017.07.13
  • Accepted : 2017.11.27
  • Published : 2017.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Primary maternal infection with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is frequently associated with transplacental transmission of the parasite to the fetus. This study was conducted to test the utility of PCR assay to detect recent infections with Toxoplasma in aborted women at various gestational ages who referred to Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Alavi Hospital in Ardabil during 2014 and 2016. Two hundred women with a history of single or repeated abortion were investigated in this study. Blood samples were tested for specific anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA. According to the results, 53.5% of the women under study were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies: 4.0% of them had IgM, 43.0% had IgG, and 6.5% had both IgM and IgG. Subsequently, Nested-PCR analysis was used to detect T. gondii DNA in the placenta of subjects. In 10.5% of the women, the results were positive for 529 bp element of T. gondii. Among them, 5 (23.8%) cases were IgM positive, 1 (4.8%) case was IgG positive, and 11 (52.4%) were both IgM and IgG positive. In 4 (19.0%) patients, none of the antibodies were found to be positive. In total, 16 patients had positive results in both ELISA and PCR methods, and 174 cases had negative results for new infection. The findings of this study revealed that T. gondii might be one of the significant factors leading to abortion, and that the analysis of placenta can be important in order to achieve increased detection sensitivity.

Keywords

References

  1. Montaya JG, Liesenfeld O. Toxoplasmosis. Lancet 2004; 363: 1965-1976. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16412-X
  2. Boothroyd JC. Toxoplasmosis. In Moselio S. Encyclopedia of Microbiology. 3rd ed. Oxford, UK. Elsevier. 2009, pp 732-743.
  3. Dubey JP, Jones JL. Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in the United States. Int J Parasitol 2008; 38: 1257-1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.03.007
  4. Mitchell CD, Erlich, SS, Mastrucci MT, Hutto, SC, Parks, WP, Scott GB. Congenital toxoplasmosis occurring in infants perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990; 9: 512-518. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006454-199007000-00012
  5. McAuley J, Boyer KM, Patel D, Mets M, Swisher C, Roizen N, Wolters C, Stein L, Stein M, Schey W, Remington J, Meier P, Johnson D, Heydeman P, Holfels E, Withers S, Mack D, Brown C, Patton D, McLeod R. Early and longitudinal evaluations of treated infants and children and untreated historical patients with congenital toxoplasmosis: the Chicago collaborative treatment trial. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18: 38-72. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/18.1.38
  6. Remington JS, McLeod R, Thulliez P, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In Remington JS, Klein JO, Wilson CB, Baker CJ eds, Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant. Philadelphia, USA. Elsevier Saunders. 2006, pp 947-1091.
  7. Robbins JR, Zeldovich VB, Poukchanski A, Boothroyd JC, Bakardjiev AI. Tissue barriers of the human placenta to infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Infect Immun 2012; 80: 418-428. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.05899-11
  8. Su C, Dubey JP. Toxoplasma. In Dongyou L ed, Molecular Detection of Foodborne pathogen. London, UK. Taylor and Francis. 2009, pp 741-753.
  9. Fleiss JL, Levin B, Paik MC. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. 3rd ed. New Jersey, USA. John Wiley and Sons. 2013.
  10. Sterkers Y, Ribot J, Albaba S, Issert E, Bastien P, Pratlong F. Diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis by polymerase chain reaction on neonatal peripheral blood. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 71: 174-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.06.006
  11. Dubey JP. Toxoplasmosis. In Collier L, Sussman M eds. Topley & Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections: Virology. London, UK. Hodder Arnold. 2005, pp 303.
  12. Torgerson PR, Mastroiacovo P. The global burden of congenital toxoplasmosis: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ 2013; 91: 501-508. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.12.111732
  13. Jones CD, Okhravi N, Adamson P, Tasker S, Lightman S. Comparison of PCR detection methods for B1, P30, and 18S rDNA genes of T. gondii in aqueous humor. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41: 634-644.
  14. Suzuki Y, Takemoto O, Arai H, Goto M, Yamada J, Morimoto K, Nakayama M, Futagi Y, Yano A. A case of congenital toxoplasmosis confirmed by detection of Toxoplasma gondii in placenta. No To Hattatsu 1998; 30: 411-416 (in Japanese).
  15. Homan WL, Vercammen M, De Braekeleer J, Verschueren H. Identification of a 200- to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment in Toxoplasma gondii, and its use for diagnostic and quantitative PCR. Int J Parasitol 2000; 30: 69-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00170-8
  16. Filisetti D, Gorcii M, Pernot-Marino E, Villard O, Candolfi E. Diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: comparison of targets for detection of Toxoplasma gondii by PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 4826-4828. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.10.4826-4828.2003
  17. Kamal AM, Ahmed AK, Abdellatif MZ, Tawfik M, Hassan EE. Seropositivity of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women by ELISA at Minia university hospital, Egypt. Korean J Parasitol 2015; 53: 605-610. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.605
  18. Da Silva MG, Vinaud MC, de Castro AM. Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in patients from basic units of health from Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014. PLoS One 2015; 10: 1-15.
  19. Hoveida L, Doudi M, Setorki M. Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii abortion cases by PCR teqnique in Isfahan, Iran. IJBPAS 2014; 3: 524-531.
  20. Asgari Q, Fekri M, Monabati A, Kalantary M, Mohammadpour I, Motazedian MH, Sarkari B. Molecular genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in human spontaneous Aborted fetuses in Shiraz, southern Iran. Iran J Public Health 2013; 42: 620-625.
  21. Nowakowska D1, Golab E, Czichos E, Krekora M, Wilczynski J. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in human placenta by PCR and placental histologic findings. Wiad Parazytol 2002; 48: 301-309 (in Polish).
  22. Sarkari B, Asgari Q, Mirzaee S. Evaluation of immunohistochemistry and PCR in diagnosis of toxoplasma infection in tissues of human aborted fetuses. Zahedan J Res Med Sci 2013; 15: 42.
  23. Abbas HH, Alasadiy YD, Al-tememi MB. Detection Toxoplasma gondii by real-time PCR in abortive and pregnant women in Almuthanna province. J Inter Acad Res Mult 2014; 2: 310-317.
  24. Bastien P. Molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002; 96 (suppl): 205-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(02)90308-1

Cited by

  1. Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii B1 gene in Placental Tissues of Pregnant Women with Acute Toxoplasmosis vol.7, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4103/abr.abr_58_18
  2. The global seroprevalence of anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women who had spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis vol.14, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008103
  3. Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran vol.2021, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6693070
  4. Detection and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii circulating in free-range chickens, pigs and seropositive pregnant women in Benue state, Nigeria vol.15, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009458
  5. Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from human spontaneous aborted fetuses in Jahrom, southern Iran vol.161, pp.no.pa, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105217