참고문헌
- Prader ALA, Willi H. Ein syndrom von adipositas, kleinwuchs, kryptorchismus und ologophrenie nach myotonicartigem zustand in neurogeborenalter. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1956;86:1260-61.
- Glenn CC, Driscoll DJ, Yang TP, Nicholls RD. Genomic imprinting: potential function and mechanisms revealed by the Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes. Mol Hum Reprod 1997;3:321-32. https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/3.4.321
- Cassidy SB, Dykens E, Williams CA. Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes: sister imprinted disorders. Am J Med Genet 2000;97:136-46. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-8628(200022)97:2<136::AID-AJMG5>3.0.CO;2-V
- Cassidy SB, Schwartz S, Miller JL, Driscoll DJ. Prader-Willi syndrome. Genet Med 2012;14:10-26. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.0b013e31822bead0
- Deal CL, Tony M, Hoybye C, Allen DB, Tauber M, Christiansen JS. GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98:E1072-87. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-3888
- Miller JL, Lynn CH, Driscoll DC, Goldstone AP, Gold JA, Kimonis V, et al. Nutritional phases in Prader-Willi syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2011;155A:1040-9.
- Yu J. Endocrine disorders and the neurologic manifestations. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2014;19:184-90. https://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2014.19.4.184
- Diene G, Mimoun E, Feigerlova E, Caula S, Molinas C, Grandjean H, et al. Endocrine disorders in children with Prader-Willi syndrome--data from 142 children of the French database. Horm Res Paediatr 2010;74:121-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000313377
- Craig ME, Cowell CT, Larsson P, Zipf WB, Reiter EO, Albertsson Wikland K, et al. Growth hormone treatment and adverse events in Prader–Willi syndrome: data from KIGS (the Pfizer International Growth Database). Clinical Endocrinology 2006;65:178-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02570.x
- Angulo M, Castro-Magana M, Mazur B, Canas JA, Vitollo PM, Sarrantonio M. Growth hormone secretion and effects of growth hormone therapy on growth velocity and weight gain in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1996;9:393-400.
- Orsso CE, Mackenzie M, Alberga AS, Sharma AM, Richer L, Rubin DA, et al. The use of magnetic resonance imaging to characterize abnormal body composition phenotypes in youth with Prader-Willi syndrome. Metabolism 2017;69:67-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.01.020
- Emerick JE, Vogt KS. Endocrine manifestations and management of Prader-Willi syndrome. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2013;2013:14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-9856-2013-14
- Carrel AL, Myers SE, Whitman BY, Allen DB. Growth hormone improves body composition, fat utilization, physical strength and agility, and growth in Prader-Willi syndrome:A controlled study. J Pediatr 1999;134:215-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(99)70418-X
- Myers SE, Whitman BY, Carrel AL, Moerchen V, Bekx MT, Allen DB. Two years of growth hormone therapy in young children with Prader-Willi syndrome: physical and neurodevelopmental benefits. Am J Med Genet A 2007;143A:443-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.31468
- Angulo MA, Castro-Magana M, Lamerson M, Arguello R, Accacha S, Khan A. Final adult height in children with Prader-Willi syndrome with and without human growth hormone treatment. Am J Med Genet A 2007;143A:1456-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.31824
- Jin DK. Endocrine problems in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: special review on associated genetic aspects and early growth hormone treatment. Korean J Pediatr 2012;55:224-31. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2012.55.7.224
- Wolfgram PM, Carrel AL, Allen DB. Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Curr Opin Pediatr 2013;25:509-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2
- Siemensma EP, Tummers-de Lind van Wijngaarden RF, Festen DA, Troeman ZC, van Alfen-van der Velden AA, Otten BJ, et al. Beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment on cognition in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a randomized controlled trial and longitudinal study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:2307-14. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-1182
- Reus L, Pelzer BJ, Otten BJ, Siemensma EP, van Alfen-van der Velden JA, Festen DA, et al. Growth hormone combined with child-specific motor training improves motor development in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Res Dev Disabil 2013;34:3092-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.05.043
- Bohm B, Ritzen EM, Lindgren AC. Growth hormone treatment improves vitality and behavioural issues in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Acta Paediatr 2015;104:59-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12813
- Goldstone AP, Holland AJ, Hauffa BP, Hokken-Koelega AC, Tauber M. Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Prader-Willi syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:4183-97. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0649
- Lindgren AC, Lindberg A. Growth hormone treatment completely normalizes adult height and improves body composition in Prader-Willi syndrome: experience from KIGS (Pfizer International Growth Database). Horm Res 2008;70:182-7. https://doi.org/10.1159/000145019
- Bakker NE, Kuppens RJ, Siemensma EP, Tummers-de Lind van Wijngaarden RF, Festen DA, Bindels-de Heus GC, et al. Eight years of growth hormone treatment in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: maintaining the positive effects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98:4013-22. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2012
- Bakker NE, Siemensma EP, Koopman C, Hokken-Koelega AC. Dietary energy intake, body composition and resting energy expenditure in prepubertal children with Prader- Willi syndrome before and during growth hormone treatment: a randomized controlled trial. Horm Res Paediatr 2015;83:321-31. https://doi.org/10.1159/000374113
- Grugni G, Marzullo P. Diagnosis and treatment of GH deficiency in Prader-Willi syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016;30:785-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2016.11.003
- Kim SJ, Cho JB, Kwak MJ, Kwon EK, Paik KH, Jin DK. Effects and adverse-effects of growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a two year study. Korean J Pediatr 2008;51:742-6. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.7.742
- Kim YJ, Cheon CK. Prader-Willi syndrome: a single center's experience in Korea. Korean J Pediatr 2014;57:310-6. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2014.57.7.310
- Mogul HR, Lee PD, Whitman BY, Zipf WB, Frey M, Myers S, et al. Growth hormone treatment of adults with Prader-Willi syndrome and growth hormone deficiency improves lean body mass, fractional body fat, and serum triiodothyronine without glucose impairment: results from the United States multicenter trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:1238-45. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-2212