Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Perception of Visitors on Traditional Marketplaces becoming Tourist Attractions and Supporting Policies - Focused on Tongin Market, Seoul -

전통시장의 관광지화 및 지원정책에 대한 이용객들의 인식 - 서울 통인시장을 중심으로 -

  • Kim, Yelim (Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University)
  • 김예림 (서울대학교 협동과정조경학)
  • Received : 2017.07.14
  • Accepted : 2017.12.11
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

Tourism is being used as a tool to regenerate declining spaces. Therefore, the government is carrying out various projects to create tourist attractions to revitalize the traditional marketplace, which is declining nationwide. Because of these government-led projects, traditional marketplaces have been transformed into tourist attractions, and some markets have received enough positive feedback that they have been successfully revitalized economically. However, as marketplaces have become tourist destinations, negative views about government support projects are also increasing. This also leads to conflicts due to differences in perception and interests of stakeholders. This paper examines the process of the marketplace becoming a tourist destination focused on the Tongin Market, in Seoul which has been regenerated as a tourist attraction through a government support project. The purpose of this study is, first, to examine the background of tourist markets becoming tourist attractions and the issues surrounding them. The second was to explore in depth the types of conflict perceptions of visitors, residents and tourists, and the perception of their responses. As a research method, the process of the revitalization of traditional markets through news and existing literature, issues and the difference of perceptions about tourist-centric traditional marketplaces were examined. In addition, the Q methodology was used, which is a qualitative research methodology that can measure the difference of viewpoints and perceptions of specific events in order to analyze the difference of perception among visitors in traditional marketplaces. The results of the study show that there are three main perspectives of difference among visitors' perceptions about government support projects in traditional marketplaces and the marketplace becoming a tourist attraction. The 'policy dependent perspective' emphasizes the necessity of government regulations, a 'critical perspective' criticizes the government's traditional marketplace support policy, and the 'neutral perspective' acknowledges the need for government-led projects and accentuating the internal competitiveness of the marketplace. The study provided the environment for academic discussion about traditional marketplaces, which are becoming tourist attractions nationwide. In addition, this paper can contribute to providing implications for future government projects by analyzing the perception of marketplace visitors.

관광은 쇠퇴한 공간을 재생하기 위한 도구로 사용되고 있다. 이에 정부는 전국적으로 쇠퇴하고 있는 전통시장을 재생하기 위해 이를 관광지로 조성하려는 다양한 정책과 사업들을 진행하고 있다. 이러한 정부의 정책과 사업으로 인해 전국의 전통시장은 관광지로 변모하고 있고, 일부 시장은 경제적으로 재활성화 되었다는 긍정적인 평가를 받고 있기도 하다. 하지만 전통시장들이 관광지가 되어가면서 정부의 지원 사업에 대한 부정적인 견해도 함께 증가하고 있다. 이는 인식 및 이해관계의 차이로 인한 갈등으로까지 이어지기도 한다. 본 연구는 정부지원으로 공간을 재생한 공간이면서 동시에 관광명소로 거듭난 서울 통인시장을 중심으로 전통시장이 관광지가 되어가는 과정에 대해 비판적 관점에서 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 전통시장의 관광지화의 배경 및 요인과 이를 둘러싼 쟁점을 검토하는 것이다. 둘째, 통인시장의 주민과 관광객의 갈등인식 유형과 이에 대한 대응인식을 심층적으로 탐색하는 것이다. 연구의 방법으로는 뉴스 및 기존문헌을 통해 전통시장이 재활성화 되는 과정과 전통시장의 관광지화에 대한 쟁점과 갈등인식에 대해 검토하였다. 더불어 통인시장의 관광지화에 대한 주민 및 관광객의 인식 차이를 분석하기 위해 특정사건에 대한 관점 및 인식차이를 측정할 수 있는 질적 연구방법론인 Q 방법론을 이용하였다. 연구의 결과는 정부의 전통시장 지원 사업 및 통인시장의 관광지화에 대한 이용객들의 인식차이에는 3가지 관점이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 정부 규제 필요성을 강조하는 '전통시장 역할 및 정부정책 지지형', 정부의 전통시장 지원 정책에 비판적인 견해를 드러내고, 시장마다의 특성을 중시하는 '정책비판 및 장소 특성 강조형', 정부의 사업을 지지하면서도 통인시장의 시설 및 콘텐츠, 내부 경쟁력을 강조하는 '정책지지 및 전통시장의 자생력 중시형'으로 나뉘었다. 본 연구는 정부사업으로 인해 전국적으로 관광지화 되고 있는 전통시장에 대한 학문적 논의가 일어날 수 있는 환경을 마련했다는 의의가 있을 것이다. 관광형 전통시장에 대한 이용객의 인식차이를 분석하여 추후 정부사업에 시사점을 제공할 수 있으리라 기대한다.

Keywords

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