DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

New weighting agent for water-based mud, um-bogma area, central Sinai, Egypt

  • Abdou, Mahmoud I. (Production Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI)) ;
  • Ahmed, Hany El Sayed (Production Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI))
  • 투고 : 2016.10.26
  • 심사 : 2017.08.11
  • 발행 : 2017.09.25

초록

A successful oil well drilling depends largely on a good mud Program. During drilling, mud provides sufficient hydrostatic pressure, removes drill cuttings and cools drill bits. Mud additives are always required to provide sufficient hydrostatic pressure to ensure borehole stability. Barium Sulphate ($BaSO_4$) also known as barite is the prevalent weighting material but there is needed to develop local materials to augment the use of Barite. The present search is concerned on the early Carboniferous succession exposed in Um Bogma Formation, west central Sinai, Egypt as a new weighting agent in drilling fluids. The increases in the cost of drilling fluids and a shortage of using barite have introduced the locale dolomite as alternative weighting materials. The rheological properties of mud drilling samples weighted by local dolomite samples are being examined and investigated to know its potential to be used as a weighting material in drilling mud. Two mud samples were prepared which comprised of fresh water, caustic soda, bentonite and the weighting material. The weighting materials are added to achieve the required density. The first sample: Water-based mud with commercial barite of density between 10.00 lb/gm and 18.00 lb/gm. The second sample: Water-based mud with dolomite of density between 10.00 lb/gm and 18.00 lb/gm. These samples were analyzed and the density, rheological properties, aging of barite and dolomite and solid contents were investigated. At 10.00 lb/gm, the yield point of dolomite was $20.00lb/100ft^2$ and barite $22.00lb/100ft^2$ while the 10 second gel strength of dolomite was $30.00lb/100ft^2$ and $22.00lb/100ft^2$ for barite. Similarly, little difference was observed in plastic and apparent viscosities. At 10.00 lb/gm, the plastic and apparent viscosities of dolomite were 8.00 cp and 20.00 cp while barite was 8.00 cp and 24.00 cp. The result show that dolomite mud sample gave a little higher yield point and gel strength than barite mud sample. Therefore, dolomite has the potential to be used as weighting material in drilling mud in place of barite thereby enhancing the local content initiative of the government. When dolomite is sourced locally and used it will reduce overall mud and drilling costs.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abdou, M.I. and Ahmed, H.E.S. (2013), "A study on the thixotropy of Egyptian bentonite suspensions", Petrol. Sci. Technol., 31(19), 1980-1991. https://doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2011.554060
  2. Akeju, O.A., Akintola, S.A. and Akpabio, J.U. (2014), "The use of Crassostrea virginica as lost circulation material in water-based drilling mud", J. Eng. Technol., 4(2), 109-117.
  3. Akpabio, J.U., Inyang, P.N. and Iheaka, C.I. (2012), "Effect of drilling fluid density on rate of penetration", J. Sci. Innov., 4(1), 75-83.
  4. Al-Bagoury, M. and Steele, C.D. (2012), "A new alternative weight material for drilling fluids", Proceedings of the IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition, San Diego, California, U.S.A., March.
  5. Al-Yami, A.S. and Nasr-El-Din, H.A. (2007), "An innovative manganese Tetroxide/KCl water-based drilling-in fluid for HT/HP wells", Proceedings of the 2007 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Anaheim, California, U.S.A., November.
  6. American Petroleum Institute (1978), API Stander Procedure for Testing Drilling Fluid, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, U.S.A.
  7. Badawi, A.M., Kandil, N.G., Hafiz, A.A., Abdou, M.I. and Dardir, M.M. (2004), "Synthesis and evaluation of polyglycerol mono oleate for oil-base muds", Egypt. J. Petrol., 13(1), 1-15.
  8. Blattel, S.R. and Rupert, J.P. (1982), "The effect of weight material type on the rate of penetration using dispersed and non-dispersed water based mud", Proceedings of the 57th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of SPE, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., September.
  9. Blomberg, N.E. and Melberg, B. (1984), "Evaluation of ilmenite as weight material in drilling fluids", J. Petrol. Technol., 36(6), 969-974. https://doi.org/10.2118/11085-PA
  10. Bruton, J.R., Bacho, J. and Newcaster, J.A. (2006), "The future drilling-grade barite weight material-a case for a substitute specification", Proceedings of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A., September.
  11. Dardir, M.M., Ibrahime, S., Soliman M., Desouky, S.D. and Hafiz, A.A. (2014a), "Preparation and evaluation of some esteramides as synthetic based drilling fluids", Egypt. J. Petrol., 23(1), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2014.02.006
  12. Elkatatny, S.M., Mahmoud, M.A. and Nasr-El-Din, H.A. (2011), "A new approach to determine filter cake properties of water-based drilling fluids", Proceedings of the SPE/DGS Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, May.
  13. Esmat, A.A. (2014), "Composition and origin of the dolostones of um bogma formation, lower carboniferous west central Sinai, Egypt", Carbonate. Evaporite., 29(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-014-0188-3
  14. Idris, A.K. and Ismail, I. (1994), "The use of Malaysia ilmenite as weighting material in drilling mud", Proceedings of the International Conference in Recent Advances in Materials and Mineral Resources, Penang, Malaysia, May.
  15. Ismail, I., Ismail, A.R. and Yang, J. (2004), Managing Drilling Mud Weight using Ilmenite, Faculty Chem. Nat. Res. Eng., U. Technol. Malaysia, 271-276.
  16. Issawi, B., El-Hinnawi, M., Francis, M. and Mazhar, A. (1999), "The phanerozoic geology of Egypt", Egypt Geol Survey, Sp. Publ, U.S.A., 462.
  17. Kania, D., Yunus, R., Omar, R., Rashid, S.A. and Jan, B.M. (2015), "A review of biolubricants in drilling fluids: Recent research, performance, and applications", J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 135, 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2015.09.021
  18. Khodja, M., Canselier, J.P., Bergaya, F., Fourar, K., Khodja, M., Cohaut, N. and Benmounah, A. (2010), "Shale problems and water-based drilling fluid optimization in the Hassi Messaoud Algerian oil field", Appl. Clay Sci., 49(4), 383-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.06.008
  19. Khodja, M., Khodja-Saber, M., Canselier, J.P., Cohaut, N. and Bergaya, F. (2010), Drilling Fluid Technology Performances and Environmental Considerations, In Products and Services, from R&D to Final Solutions, InTech., 228-256.
  20. Mahmoud, M., Abdulraheem, A., Al-Mutairi, S.H., Elkatatny, S.M. and Shawabkeh, R.A. (2017), "Single stage filter cake removal of barite weighted water based drilling fluid", J. Petrol. Sci. Eng.,149, 476-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2016.10.059
  21. Mahto, V. and Sharma, V.P. (2004), "Rheological study of a water based oil well drilling fluid", J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 45(1), 123-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2004.03.008
  22. Negm, N.A., Tawfik, S.M., Abdou, M.I., Badr, E.A. and Ghuiba, F.M. (2014), "Evaluation of some nonionic surfactants derived from tannic acid as additives for water-based mud", J. Surfactants Deterg., 18(2), 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-014-1627-9
  23. Omoniyi, O.A. and Mubarak, S. (2014), "Potential usage of local weighting materials in drilling fluid substitute to barite", J. Innov. Res. Dev., 3(13).
  24. Sassen, A., Hoset, H., Rostad, E.J., Fjogstad, A., Aunan, O., Westgard, E. and Norkyn, P.I. (2001), "Application of ilmenite as weight material in water based and oil based drilling fluids", Proceedings of the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., September-October.
  25. Scharf, A.D. and Watts, R.D. (1984), "Itabirite: An alternative weighting material for heavy oil based mud", Proceedings of the 59th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, U.S.A., September.
  26. Walker, C.O. (1983), "Alternative weighting material", J. Petrol. Technol., 35(12), 2-158.
  27. Watson, R.B and Viste, J.R. (2012), "The influence of fluid loss additives in high-temperature reservoir", Proceedings of the International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control, Lafayette, Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  28. Yap, J., Leong, Y.K. and Liu, J. (2011), "Structural recovery behavior of barite-loaded bentonite drilling muds", J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 78(2), 552-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2011.06.010