Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Parabiosis and Aging Researches

개체병렬결합 그리고 노화 연구

  • Received : 2017.11.21
  • Accepted : 2017.12.27
  • Published : 2017.12.30
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Abstract

Most people have a desire to live longer. According to ancient Chinese and Korean mythology, Dongfang Shuo (Dongbang Sahk) lived for 18,000 years. According to a WHO report, the average longevity of humans has extended from 50-odd years in the 1960s to 75-85 years in 2016. Parabiosis, the joining to circulatory systems of two animals, was described as early as the 1860s. It provides a powerful experimental model to investigate the effects of one animal on its partner animal in vivo. Research on reverse aging is an immensely popular in parabiosis studies. In this review, the origin of the parabiosis model and important historical findings based on parabiosis models are presented. Surprising and debated discoveries in aging research are also introduced. Using heterochronic parabiosis of connecting circulatory systems of a young mouse and old mouse, various groups claim to have identified a reverse aging factor, growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), which was significantly reduced in blood of old mice. Although the potential existence of any one factor or factors that could reverse aging remains to be confirmed, studies have shown that the parabiosis model is powerful enough to detect reverse aging factors.

대부분의 사람은 오래 살기를 원한다. 고대 중국과 한국의 신화에 동방삭이라는 인물이 일만 팔천 년을 살았다고 전해진다. 현실 세계에서는 WHO의 보고에 따르면 사람의 평균수명이 1960년대에 50세에서 2016년에는 75-85세로 25~35세가 늘었다. 두 마리의 실험 동물을 외과적 수술을 통해 병렬로 결합하여 두 동물의 순환계(혈액)이 서로 연결되게 하는 개체병렬결합(parabiosis) 실험모델이 1860년도에 개발된 이래 이 방법은 in vivo에서 한 개체가 다른 개체에게 어떤 영향을 미칠 수 있는가에 대한 연구를 위한 강력한 실험 모델이 되어 왔다. 여러 가지 실험조건의 연구 중에서도 개체병렬결합모델은 노화의 진행을 역행하는 현상을 조사하는 연구에서 필수적인 모델이 되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 개체병렬결합모델의 탄생과 이로 인한 중요한 발견을 시간대에 따라 소개하며, 아직은 확정적이지는 않지만 젊은 쥐와 늙은 쥐의 순환계를 연결시킨 이 모델을 사용하여 노화의 진행을 역행시킬 수 있는 "젊음의 인자"인 growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11)을 발견한 연구 결과에 대해 서술하고자 한다. 지금까지 밝혀지고 있는 여러 조건에서의 연구결과가 증명하였듯이 개체병렬결합모델은 향후 다양한 생리적 현상을 규명하는데 더욱 중요한 실험모델이 될 것으로 예상된다.

Keywords

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