DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

양파 수확 후 잔재물과 쇠비름 추출물이 유기농 양파의 수확량 및 품질 특성에 미치는 영향

Effect of a Mixture of Extracts from Residues of Onion Left after Onion Harvesting and Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on Productivity and Quality Characteristics of Organic Onions

  • 김태원 (농림축산식품부 국립종자원) ;
  • 전병균 (경상대학교 생물교육학과) ;
  • 이성호 (경상대학교 생명과학부)
  • Kim, Tae-Won (Korea Seed Variety Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs) ;
  • Jeon, Byeong-Gyun (Department of Biology Education, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Ho (Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 투고 : 2017.08.01
  • 심사 : 2017.12.02
  • 발행 : 2017.12.30

초록

본 연구는 수확 후 버려지는 양파 잔재물과 쇠비름으로부터 추출한 수액을 유기농 양파 재배 시 시비하여 유기농 양파의 수확량, 품질 등에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 도복기 때의 양파 생육은 초장, 엽수, 엽초경에서 식물추출액 처리구들이 무처리구보다 좋았다. 양파 수확량도 식물 추출액 처리구들이 무처리구보다 유의성 있게 증가되었으며(p<0.05), 구 중 분포에서는 상품성이 있는 300 g 이상의 대구 양파가 양파와 쇠비름 추출액 혼용 처리구에서 다른 처리구들보다 유의성 있게 증가 되었다(p<0.05). 양파의 무기성분 함량은 양파와 쇠비름 추출액 혼용 처리구에서 생산된 양파가 다른 처리구들에서 생산된 양파보다 석회와 황을 제외한 다량원소들이 높게 함유되었다. 양파의 경도는 양파와 쇠비름 추출액 혼용 처리구에서 생산된 양파가 양파 잔재물 추출액 처리구와 무처리구에서 생산된 양파보다 각각 8%와 20% 높게 나와 유의성을 나타내었지만(p<0.05), 당도는 모든 처리구에서 생산된 양파가 비슷하게 나와 유의성을 나타내지 않았다. 양파 수확 후 토양의 무기성분 함량은 양파 잔재물 추출액 처리구 토양에서 인산, 칼슘, 황산, 망간에서 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 양파 수확 후 버려지는 잔재물과 길가에 방치되는 쇠비름의 추출물이 유기 양파 재배 시 천연 친환경 자재로 활용 가치가 있다고 보겠다.

This study assessed the effects of treatment with sap extract from onion residues postharvest and purslane on the quality and quantity of organic onions. At the bending stage, onions treated with the sap extract showed vigorous growth, with higher plant heights, more leaves, and longer sheath lengths than untreated onions. The onion yield was significantly increased when the plant was treated with extracted sap as compared with that of untreated plants (p<0.05). The bulb weight distribution of onions in the mixed onion and purslane treatment was also significantly increased (~300 g) as compared with that of the other treatment (p<0.05). Except for CaO and S, the mineral content of the onions produced from plants treated with the onion and purslane extract mixture was higher than those of onions in the other treatment. The hardness of onions produced from plants treated with the onion and purslane extract was significantly increased (8% and 20%, respectively) as compared with that of onions produced from plants treated with the onion extract only or no treatment (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the sugar contents of the onions produced from extract-treated and nonextract-treated plants. Postharvest, the content of inorganic components (phosphate, calcium, sulfuric acid, and manganese) was higher in soil treated with the onion extract than in soil treated with the onion and purslane extract and non-treated soil. It can be concluded that residues left after onion harvests and purslane extract can be used as natural and environmentally friendly materials for the cultivation of organic onions.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. An, N. H., Jo, Y. S., Jo, J. R., Kim, Y. K., Lee, Y., Jee, H. J., Lee, S. M., Park, K. L. and Lee, B. M. 2012. The survey of actual using conditions of farm-made liquid fertilizers for cultivating environment-friendly agricultural products. Kor. J. Organic Agri. 20, 345-356.
  2. Choi, B. G. and Surh, J. H. 2013. Influence of the number of sulfur application on the improvement of the chemical composition and quality of onions. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 45, 478-487. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.4.478
  3. Choi, S. T., Ahn, H. G. and Chang, Y. D. 1996. Effect of crude extracts and chopped shoot application of Allum spp. on rice growth. Kor. J. Crop Sci. 41, 625-633.
  4. Choi, S. T., Ahn, H. G. and Chang, Y. D. 1996. Effect of crude extracts from Allum spp. on growth of several crop seedling. Kor. J. Crop Sci. 41, 526-534.
  5. Chung, H. K., Shin, M. J., Cha, Y. J. and Lee, K. H. 2011. Effect of onion peel extracts on blood lipid profile and blood coagulation in high fat fed SD rats. Kor. J. Food Nutr. 24, 442-450. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2011.24.3.442
  6. Dogra, B. S. and Mandradia, R. K. 2012. Effect of seaweed extract on growth and yield of onion. Int. J. Agr. Sci. 2, 59-64.
  7. Jeon, S. Y., Baek, J. H., Jeong, E. J. and Cha, Y. J. 2012. Potential of onion peel extract as a functional ingredient for functional foods. J. Life Sci. 22, 1207-1213. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.9.1207
  8. Jeong, C. H., Kim, J. H. and Shim, K. H. 2006. Chemical components of yellow and red onion. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 35, 708-712. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2006.35.6.708
  9. Ji, G. S., Kim, Y. H., Park, J. S. and Kim, K. W. 2014. Effects of methanolic extracts from some native plant resources and medicinal plants on early seedling growth of rice (Oryza Sativa L.). Kor. J. Organic Agri. 22, 321-334. https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2014.22.2.321
  10. Jung, K. A. and Park, C. S. 2013. Antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of juice from garlic, ginger, and onion. Kor. J. Food Preserv. 20, 134-139. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2013.20.1.134
  11. Kim, M. J., Lee, S. J., Kim, R. J., Jeong, B. Y. and Sung, N. J. 2011. Mineral content and antioxidants activity of Portulaca oleracea. J. Life Sci. 21, 1393-1400. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2011.21.10.1393
  12. Kim, T. W., Lee, C. H., Bak, Y. D., Min, Y. B. and Lee, S. H. 2015. Productivity and quality characteristics of onions applied with defective onion and purslane extracts during cultivation. J. Agric. Life Sci. 49, 37-46.
  13. Ku, J. I., Kong, M. R. and Lee, Y. S. 2015. Anti-aging and antioxidant activity of ultrasonification ethanolic extract from Portulaca oleracea. J. Invest Cosmetol. 11, 97-106. https://doi.org/10.15810/jic.2015.11.2.002
  14. Kwon, E. J., Ryu, D. Y. and Surh, J. H. 2013. Quality characteristics of onions applied with methylsurfonylmethane (MSM) during cultivation. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 45, 213-222. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.2.213
  15. Kwak, H. J., Kwon, Y. J., Jeong, P. H., Kwon, J. H. and Kim, H. K. 2000. Physiological activity and antioxidative effect of methanol extract from onion (Allium cepa L.). J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 349-355.
  16. Kwon, Y. R., Cho, S. M., Hwang, S. P., Kwon, G. M., Kim, J. W. and Youn, K. S. 2014. Antioxidant, physiological activities, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Portulaca oleracea extracts with different extraction methods. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 43, 389-396. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.3.389
  17. Lee, C. H., Lee, S. D., Lee, S. H., Min, Y. B., Kim, H. R. and Lee, Y. H. 2013. Effect of defective onion extract on the onion productivity by organic farming. Kor. J. Soil Sci. Fert. 46, 40-48. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2013.46.1.040
  18. Lee, C. J., Kim, H. D., Choung, E. H., Suh, J. K., Park, C. W. and Ha, Y. L. 2000. Reduction effect of carcinogen-induced mouse epidermal and forestomach carcinogenesis by the extract of onion wastes. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 525-530.
  19. Lee, H. J., Lee, K. H., Cha, Y. J., Park, E. J. and Shin, M. J. 2010. Effects of onion peel extracts on blood circulation in male smokers. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39, 1790-1799. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.12.1790
  20. Lee, H. N., Shin, S. A., Choo, G. S., Kim, H. J., Park, Y. S., Kim, S. K. and Jung, J. Y. 2016. Inhibitory effects of spinach, cabbage, and onion extracts on growth of cancer cells. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 45, 671-679. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.5.671
  21. Lee, H. S., Woo, S. B., Song, J. Y., Kang, J. H., Kim, T. K., Kim, H. C. and Song, C. K. 2015. Effects of the aqueous extract from Persicaria longiseta on growth and yield of potato. Kor. J. Organic Agric. 23, 311-322.
  22. Lee, J. T., Ha, I. J., Kim, H. D., Moon, J. S., Kim, W. I. and Song, W. D. 2006. Effect of liquid pig manure on growth, nutrient uptake of onion, and chemical properties in soil. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 24, 148-156.
  23. Lee, K. A., Kim, K. T., Kim, H. J., Chung, M. S., Chang, P. S. Park, H. and Paik, H. D. 2014. Antioxidant activities of onion (Allium cepa L.) peel extracts produced by ethanol, hot water, and subcritical water extraction. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 23, 615-621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0084-6
  24. Min, B. G., Lee, S. Y., Moon, J. S., Ha, I. J., Hwang, H. J. and Lim, C. S. 2015. The comparison of growth and yield characteristics among principal bulb onion (Allium Cepa L.) cultivars in organic growing. Kor. J. Organic Agri. 23, 43-58. https://doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2015.23.1.43
  25. NIAST. 1999. Standard of fertilization for crop. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, Korea.
  26. NIAST. 2000. Method of soil and plant analysis. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, Korea.
  27. RDA. 1995. Standard of agricultural research. RDA, Suwon, Korea.
  28. RDA. 2003. Agricultural science and technology research analyzing standard (4th edition). RDA, Suwon, Korea.
  29. Sohn, B. K., Cho, J. S., Kang, J. G., Cho, J. Y., Kim, K. Y., Kim, H. W. and Kim, H. L. 1999. Physico-chemical properties of soils at red pepper, garlic and onion cultivation areas in korea. J. Kor. Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 32, 123-131.
  30. Youn, D. H. and Shin, H. T. 2012. The anti-bacterial effects and epidermal permeability barrier function of red onion juice produced in Jeon-Nam province in korea. Kor. J. Oriental Preventive Medical Society 16, 43-56.
  31. Zhang, R., Lee, H. J., Yoon, Y. M., Kim, S. M., Kim, H. S., Li, S. H. and An, S. K. 2009. The melanin inhibition, anti-aging and anti-inflammation effects of Portulaca oleracea extracts on cells. KSBB J. 24, 397-402.
  32. Zhoh, C. K., Kwon, H. J. and Ahn, S. R. 2010. Antioxidative and antimicrobial effects to skin flora of extracts from peel of Allium cepa L. Kor. J. Aesthet Cosmetol. 8, 49-58.