Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Correlation Between Deltamethrin Exposure and Urinary 3-PBA Concentrations in Rats

Deltamethrin에 노출된 흰쥐의 뇨 중 3-PBA 검출 및 노출상관성

  • Kim, Areumnuri (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chon, Kyongmi (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Kyung-Hun (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Moon, Byeong-Chul (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ro, Jin-Ho (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Paik, Min Kyoung (Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김아름누리 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 전경미 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 박경훈 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 문병철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 노진호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과) ;
  • 백민경 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 화학물질안전과)
  • Received : 2017.11.07
  • Accepted : 2017.11.29
  • Published : 2017.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pyrethroids (PYRs) are a widely used insecticide in agriculture and household area. In mammals, PYRs such as deltamethrin is metabolized to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) in liver that is mainly excreted in urine. This study is designed to single exposure of deltamethrin to rats in a dose-dependent manner and identify the correlation between deltamethrin exposure and its metabolite (3-PBA) in urine. METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure levels of deltamethrin were control (0 mg/kg bw), low (0.0705 mg/kg bw), medium (0.705 mg/kg bw) and high (7.05 mg/kg bw) dose. Low concentration was derived by ussing Korea predictive operator exposure model (KoPOEM). Dermal exposure persisted for 6 h, and urine specimens were collected for 24 h. The urine matrix was removed after a series of procedures and 3-PBA was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. CONCLUSION: There was a strong correlation ($R^2=0.83$) between the amount of oral exposure to delta me thrin and urinary levelof3-PBAexcreted. In dermal exposure groups of deltamethrin except high-dose, also there was a good correlation between urinary 3-PBA and deltamethrin exposure, but not stronger than in oral deltamethrin exposure groups. Based on these results, therefore, the amount of 3-PBA in urine can be used as a good monitoring indicator that reflexing the exposure level of deltamethrin to human body.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development

Supported by : National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration

References

  1. Ahn, K. C., Gee, S. J., Kim. H. J., Aronov, P. A., Vega, H., Krieger, R. I., & Hammock, B. D. (2011). Immunochemical analysis of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, a biomarker of forestry worker exposure to pyrethroid insecticides. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 401(4), 1285-1293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5184-z
  2. Anadon, A., Martinez-Larranaga, M. R., Fernandez-Cruz, M. L., Diaz, M. J., Fernandez, M. C., & Martinez, M. A. (1996). Toxicokinetics of deltamethrin and its 4′ -HO-metabolite in the rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 141(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-008X(96)80003-2
  3. Angerer, J., & Ritter, A. (1997). Determination of metabolites of pyrethroids in human urine using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B, 695, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(97)00174-6
  4. Arrebola, F. J., Martinez-Vidal, J. L., Fernandez-Gutierrez, A., & Akhtar, M. H. (1999). Monitoring of pyrethroid metabolites in human urine using solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 401, 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00519-X
  5. Barlow, S. M., Sullivan, F. M., & Lines, J. (2001). Risk assessment of the use of deltamethrin on bednets for the prevention of malaria. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 39(5), 407-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-6915(00)00152-6
  6. Godin, S. J., DeVito, M. J., Hughes, M. F., Ross, D. G., Scollon, E. J., Starr, J. M., & Tornero-Velez, R. (2010). Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of deltamethrin: development of a rat and human diffusionlimited model. Toxicological Sciences, 115(2), 330-343. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq051
  7. Hong, S., You, A. S., Jeong, M., Park, K. H., Park, J. Y., & Lee, Y. J. (2013). Risk assessment of pesticide operator using modified UK-POEM in Korean orchard. The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science, 17(1), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2013.17.1.50
  8. Hughes, M. F., & Edwards, B. C. (2016). In vivo dermal absorption of pyrethroid pesticides in the rat. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A, 79(2), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2015.1109571
  9. Hughes, M. F., & Edwards, B. C. (2010). In vitro dermal absorption of pyrethroid pesticides in human and rat skin. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 246, 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2010.04.003
  10. Kim, E. H., Lee, H. R., Choi, H., Moon, J. K., Hong, S. S., Jeong, M. H., & Kim, J. H. (2011). Methodology for quantitative monitoring of agricultural worker exposure to pesticides. The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science, 15(4), 507-528.
  11. Kim, H. K., Song, J. S., Choi, S. H., & Yu, H. Y. (2015). Evaluation of Exposure to Pyrethroid Pesticides in Highland Cabbage Farmers by Using Biological Monitoring. The Korean Society of Pesticide Science, 19(1), 41-46. https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2015.19.1.41
  12. Kim, K. B., Anand, S. S., Kim, H. J., White, C. A., & Bruckner, J. V. (2008). Toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of deltamethrin in adult Sprague Dawley rats. Toxicological Sciences, 101(2), 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfm277
  13. Leng, G., Kuhn, K. H., & Idel, H. (1997). Biological monitoring of pyrethroids in blood and pyrethroid metabolites in urine: applications and limitations. Sciences Total Environment, 199, 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)05493-4
  14. O'Rourke, M. K., Lizardi, P. S., Rogan, S. P., Freeman, N. C., Aguirre, A., & Saint, C. G. (2000). Pesticide exposure and creatinine variation among young children. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 10, 672-681. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500119
  15. Rickard, J., & Brodie, M. E. (1985). Correlation of blood and brain levels of the neurotoxic pyrethroid deltamethrin with the onset of symptoms in rats. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 23(2), 143-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(85)90001-X
  16. Rousis, N. I., Zuccato, E., & Castiglioni, S. (2017). Wastewater-based epidemiology to assess human exposure to pyrethroid pesticides. Environment International, 99, 213-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.020
  17. Schettgen, T., Koch, H. M., Drexler, H., & Angerer, J. (2002). New gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the determination of urinary pyrethroid metabolites in environmental medicine. Institute Journal of Chromatography B, 778, 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00452-2
  18. Seo, J. C., Choi, H. S., & Song, J. S. (2007). Determination of 3-phenoxybenzoic Acid in Urine and Exposure Assessment of Pyrethroid Insecticides to Human. The Korean Society of Pesticide Science, 11(2), 87-94.
  19. Shevock, P. N., Khan, S. R., & Hackett, R. L. (1993). Urinary chemistry of the normal Sprague-Dawley rat. Urological Research, 21, 309-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00296826
  20. Watkins, D. J., Fortenberry, G. Z., Sanchez, B. N., Barr, D. B., Panuwet, P., Schnaas, L., & Hu, H. (2016). Urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) levels among pregnant women in Mexico City: Distribution and relationships with child neurodevelopment. Environmental Research, 147, 307-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.025
  21. Wielgomas, B., Nahorski, W., & Czarnowski, W. (2013). Urinary concentrations of pyrethroid metabolites in the convenience sample of an urban population of Northern Poland. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 216, 295-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.09.001