Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (대한소아소화기영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Risk Factors in Relation to Allergy in Children

  • Received : 2017.09.30
  • Accepted : 2017.11.22
  • Published : 2017.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze presence of Helicobacter pylori infection and environmental risk factors among children with and without allergy. Methods: Parents of children at primary health care centres/kindergartens and allergologist consultation were asked to answer a questionnaire and to bring a faecal sample. H. pylori infection was detected by monoclonal stool antigen test. Prevalence of H. pylori infection and risk factors were compared between individuals with and without allergy using ${\chi}^2$ test, ANOVA test and logistic regression. Results: Among 220 children (mean age, 4.7 years; ${\pm}standard$ deviation 2.3 years) H. pylori positivity was non-significantly lower among patients with allergy (n=122) compared to individuals without allergy (n=98): 13.9% (17/122) vs. 22.4% (22/98); p=0.106. In logistic regression analysis presence of allergy was significantly associated with family history of allergy (odds ratio [OR], 8.038; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.067-15.886; p<0.0001), delivery by Caesarean section (OR, 2.980; 95% CI, 1.300-6.831; p=0.009), exclusive breast feeding for five months (OR, 2.601; 95% CI, 1.316-5.142; p=0.006), antibacterial treatment during the previous year (OR, 2.381; 95% CI, 1.186-4.782; p=0.015). Conclusion: Prevalence of H. pylori infection did not differ significantly between children with and without allergy. Significant association of allergy with delivery by Caesarean section and antibacterial therapy possibly suggests the role of gastrointestinal flora in the development of allergy, while association with family history of allergy indicates the importance of genetic factors in the arise of allergy.

Keywords

References

  1. Chen Y, Blaser MJ. Inverse associations of Helicobacter pylori with asthma and allergy. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:821-7. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.8.821
  2. Chen Y, Blaser MJ. Helicobacter pylori colonization is inversely associated with childhood asthma. J Infect Dis 2008;198:553-60. https://doi.org/10.1086/590158
  3. Daugule I, Zavoronkova J, Santare D. Helicobacter pylori and allergy: update of research. World J Methodol 2015;5:203-11. https://doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v5.i4.203
  4. Daugule I, Karklina D, Rudzite D, Remberga S, Rumba-Rozenfelde I. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among preschool children in Latvia: no significant decrease in prevalence during a ten year period. Scand J Public Health 2016;44:418-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494816631861
  5. Leja M, Cine E, Rudzite D, Vilkoite I, Huttunen T, Daugule I, et al. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis in Latvia. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;24:1410-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283583ca5
  6. Konstantopoulos N, Russmann H, Tasch C, Sauerwald T, Demmelmair H, Autenrieth I, et al. Evaluation of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (HpSA) for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:677-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03603.x
  7. Lionetti E, Leonardi S, Lanzafame A, Garozzo MT, Filippelli M, Tomarchio S, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and atopic diseases: is there a relationship? A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:17635-47. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17635
  8. Wang Q, Yu C, Sun Y. The association between asthma and Helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2013;18:41-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12012
  9. Zhou X, Wu J, Zhang G. Association between Helicobacter pylori and asthma: a meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;25:460-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0b013e32835c280a
  10. O'Ryan ML, Lucero Y, Rabello M, Mamani N, Salinas AM, Pena A, et al. Persistent and transient Helicobacter pylori infections in early childhood. Clin Infect Dis 2015;61:211-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ256
  11. Xie MY, Yuan YH, Liu LM, Gu R, Zhao XD. Association between use of antibacterial agents in the first year of life and childhood asthma: a Meta analysis. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2016;18:995-1000.
  12. Timm S, Schlunssen V, Olsen J, Ramlau-Hansen CH. Prenatal antibiotics and atopic dermatitis among 18-month-old children in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2017;47:929-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.12916
  13. Walker WA. The importance of appropriate initial bacterial colonization of the intestine in newborn, child, and adult health. Pediatr Res 2017;82:387-95. https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.111
  14. Thavagnanam S, Fleming J, Bromley A, Shields MD, Cardwell CR. A meta-analysis of the association between Caesarean section and childhood asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2008;38:629-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02780.x
  15. Huang L, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Wang W, Fang F, Bao Y. Is elective cesarean section associated with a higher risk of asthma? A meta-analysis. J Asthma 2015;52:16-25. https://doi.org/10.3109/02770903.2014.952435
  16. de Silva D, Geromi M, Halken S, Host A, Panesar SS, Muraro A, et al. Primary prevention of food allergy in children and adults: systematic review. Allergy 2014; 69:581-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12334
  17. D'Alessandro A, Scaloni A, Zolla L. Human milk proteins: an interactomics and updated functional overview. J Proteome Res 2010;9:3339-73. https://doi.org/10.1021/pr100123f
  18. Tawia S. Development of oral tolerance to allergens via breastmilk. Breastfeed Rev 2015;23:35-9.
  19. Munblit D, Treneva M, Peroni DG, Colicino S, Chow LY, Dissanayeke S, et al. Immune components in human milk are associated with early infant immunological health outcomes: a prospective three-country analysis. Nutrients 2017;9:E532. doi: 10.3390/nu9060532.
  20. Verhasselt V. Neonatal tolerance under breastfeeding influence: the presence of allergen and transforming growth factor-beta in breast milk protects the progeny from allergic asthma. J Pediatr 2010;156(2 Suppl):S16-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.11.015
  21. Munblit D, Verhasselt V. Allergy prevention by breastfeeding: possible mechanisms and evidence from human cohorts. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2016;16:427-33. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACI.0000000000000303
  22. Christiansen ES, Kjaer HF, Eller E, Bindslev-Jensen C, Host A, Mortz CG, et al. Early childhood risk factors for rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescence: a prospective birth cohort study. Clin Transl Allergy 2017;7:9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13601-017-0147-x
  23. Bolat E, Arikoglu T, Sungur MA, Batmaz SB, Kuyucu S. Prevalence and risk factors for wheezing and allergic diseases in preschool children: a perspective from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2017;45:362-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aller.2017.01.002
  24. Ullemar V, Magnusson PK, Lundholm C, Zettergren A, Melen E, Lichtenstein P, et al. Heritability and confirmation of genetic association studies for childhood asthma in twins. Allergy 2016;71:230-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12783
  25. Forno E, Wang T, Yan Q, Brehm J, Acosta-Perez E, Colon-Semidey A, et al. A multiomics approach to identify genes associated with childhood asthma risk and morbidity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017;57:439-47. https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2017-0002OC
  26. Wu LS, Sjakste T, Sakalauskas R, Sitkauskiene B, Paramonova N, Gasiuniene E, et al. The burden of allergic asthma in children: a landscape comparison based on data from Lithuanian, Latvian, and Taiwanese populations. Pediatr Neonatol 2012;53:276-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.08.001