Smart Structures and Systems

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Reliability improvement of nonlinear ultrasonic modulation based fatigue crack detection using feature-level data fusion

  • Lim, Hyung Jin (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Yongtak (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology) ;
  • Sohn, Hoon (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology) ;
  • Jeon, Ikgeun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology) ;
  • Liu, Peipei (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2017.01.15
  • Accepted : 2017.12.01
  • Published : 2017.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, the reliability of nonlinear ultrasonic modulation based fatigue crack detection is improved using a feature-level data fusion approach. When two ultrasonic inputs at two distinct frequencies are applied to a specimen with a fatigue crack, modulation components at the summation and difference of these two input frequencies appear. First, the spectral amplitudes of the modulation components and their spectral correlations are defined as individual features. Then, a 2D feature space is constructed by combining these two features, and the presence of a fatigue crack is identified in the feature space. The effectiveness of the proposed fatigue crack detection technique is experimentally validated through cyclic loading tests of aluminum plates, full-scale steel girders and a rotating shaft component. Subsequently, the improved reliability of the proposed technique is quantitatively investigated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. The uniqueness of this study lies in (1) improvement of nonlinear ultrasonic modulation based fatigue crack detection reliability using feature-level data fusion, (2) reference-free fatigue crack diagnosis without using the baseline data obtained from the intact condition of the structure, (3) application to full-scale steel girders and shaft component, and (4) quantitative investigation of the improved reliability using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Ministry of Public Safety and Security

References

  1. Amerini, F. and Meo, M. (2011), "Structural health monitoring of bolted joints using linear and nonlinear acoustic/ultrasound methods", Struct. Health Monit., 10(6), 659-672. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921710395810
  2. Anderson, T. L. (2005), Fracture Mechanics - Fundamentals and Applications, 3rd edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
  3. Cammarata, M., Rizzo, P., Dutta, D. and Sohn, H. (2010), "Application of principal component analysis and wavelet transform to fatigue crack detection in waveguides", Smart Struct. Syst., 6(4), 349-362. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.4.349
  4. Campbell, F.C. (2008), Elements of Metallurgy and Engineering Alloys, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA.
  5. Cantrell, J.H. and Yost, W.T. (1994), "Acoustic harmonics generation from fatigue-induced dislocation dipoles", Philos. Mag. A, 69(2), 315-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/01418619408244346
  6. Chibelushi, C.C., Mason, J. S. D., Deravi F. (1997), "Feature-level data fusion for bimodal person recognition", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Image Processing and Its Applications, Dublin, July.
  7. Chrysochoidis, N.A., Barouni, A.K. and Saravanos, D.A. (2011), "Delamination detection in composites using wave modulation spectroscopy with a novel active nonlinear acousto-ultrasonic piezoelectric sensor", J. Intel. Mat. Syst. Str., 22(18), 2193-2206. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X11428363
  8. Croxford, A.J., Wilcox, P.D., Drinkwater, B.W., Nagy, P.B. (2009), "The use of non-collinear mixing for nonlinear ultrasonic detection of plasticity and fatigue", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. EL., 126(5), 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3231451
  9. Donskoy, D., Sutin, A. and Ekimov, A. (2001), "Nonlinear acoustic interaction on contact interfaces and its use for nondestructive testing", NDT E. Int., 34(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8695(00)00063-3
  10. Duffour, P., Morbidini, M. and Cawley, P. (2006), "A study of the vibro-acoustic modulation technique for the detection of cracks in metals", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 119(3), 1463-1475. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2161429
  11. Faundez-Zanuy, M. (2005), "Data fusion in biometrics", IEEE Aero. El. Sys. Mag., 20(1) 34-38. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2005.1396793
  12. Fawcett, T. (2006), "An introduction to ROC analysis", Pattern Recognit. Lett., 27, 861-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2005.10.010
  13. Gardner, W.A. (1986), "Measurement of spectral correlation", IEEE T. Acoust. Speech Signal Process., 34, 1111-1123. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASSP.1986.1164951
  14. Gardner, W.A. (2006), "Cyclostationarity: Half a century of research", Signal Process., 86, 639-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2005.06.016
  15. Gunatilaka, A.H. and Baertlein B.A. (2001), "Feature-level and decision-level fusion of noncoincidently sampled sensors for land mine detection", IEEE T. Pattern Anal., 23(6), 577-589. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.927459
  16. Hall, D.L. and Llinas, J. (1997), "An introduction to multi-sensor data fusion", Proceedings of the IEEE, 85(1), 6-23. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.554205
  17. Hong, M., Wang, Q., Su, Z., Cheng, L. (2014), "In situ health monitoring for bogie systems of CRH380 train on Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway", Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 45, 378-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.11.017
  18. Jhang, K.Y. (2009), "Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques for nondestructive assessment of micro damage in material: A review", Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf., 10(1), 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-009-0019-y
  19. JST Failure Knowledge Database (2016), Collapse of the Korea Seoul Seongsu Bridge; Hatamura Institute for the Advancement of Technology, Japan. http://www.sozogaku.com/fkd/en/
  20. Kim, J.M., Han, M., Lim, H.J., Yang, S. and Sohn, H. (2016), "Operation of battery-less and wireless sensor using magnetic resonance based wireless power transfer though concrete", Smart Struct. Syst., 17(4), 631-646. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.17.4.631
  21. Kim, J. Y., Jacobs, L. J., Qu, J. (2011), "Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques for nondestructive damage assessment in metallic materials", Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford, CA, September.
  22. Klepka, A., Staszewski, W.J., Jenal, R.B., Szwedo, M., Iwaniec, J. (2011), "Nonlinear acoustics for fatigue crack detection - experimental investigations of vibro-acoustic wave modulations", Struct. Health Monit., 11(2), 197-211.
  23. KS B ISO 12108 (2004), Metallic materials - Fatigue testing - Fatigue crack growth method, Korean Agency for Technology and Standard (KATS); Seoul, South Korea.
  24. Lim, H.J. and Sohn, H. (2015), "Fatigue crack detection using structural nonlinearity reflected on linear ultrasonic features", J. Appl. Phys., 118, 244902. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4938494
  25. Lim, H.J., Kim, Y., Koo, G., Yang, S., Sohn, H., Bae, I.H. and Jang, J.H. (2016), "Development and field application of a nonlinear ultrasonic modulation technique for fatigue crack detection without reference data from an intact condition", Smart Mater. Struct., 25, 095055. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/9/095055
  26. Lim, H.J., Sohn, H., DeSimio, M.P. and Brown, K. (2014), "Reference-free fatigue crack detection using nonlinear ultrasonic modulation under various temperature and loading conditions", Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 45(2), 468-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.12.001
  27. Liu, P., Sohn, H., Yang, S. and Lim, H.J. (2016), "Baseline-free fatigue crack detection based on spectral correlation and nonlinear wave modulation", Smart Mater. Struct., Accepted.
  28. Parsons, Z. and Staszewski, W.J. (2006), "Nonlinear acoustics with low-profile piezoceramic excitation for crack detection in metallic structures", Smart Mater. Struct., 15, 1110-1118. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/4/025
  29. Qiu, L., Yuan, S., Bao, Q., Mei, H. and Ren, Y. (2016), "Crack propagation monitoring in a full-scale aircraft fatigue test based on guided wave-Gaussian mixture model", Smart Mater. Struct., 25(5), 055048. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/5/055048
  30. Rose, A.A. and Govindarajan, R. (2005), "Feature level fusion of hand and face biometrics", Proceedings of SPIE Biometric Technology for Human Identification II, Orlando, April.
  31. Sohn, H., Lim, H.J., DeSimio, M.P., Brown, K. and Derriso, M. (2014), "Nonlinear ultrasonic wave modulation for online fatigue crack detection", J. Sound Vib., 333(5), 1473-1484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2013.10.032
  32. Yim, H.J., Park, S.J., Kim, J.H. and Kwak, H.G. (2016), "Evaluation of freezing and thawing damage of concrete using a nonlinear ultrasonic method", Smart Struct. Syst., 17(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.17.1.045
  33. Yoder, N.C. and Adams, D.E. (2010), "Vibro-acoustic modulation using a swept probing signal for robust crack detection", Struct. Health Monit., 9(3), 257-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921710365261
  34. Zhou, C., Hong, M., Su, Z., Wang, Q. and Cheng, L. (2013), "Evaluation of fatigue cracks using nonlinearities of acoustoultrasonic waves acquired by an active sensor network", Smart Mater. Struct., 22, 015018. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/1/015018