Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Climate Change Impact on Korean Stone Heritage: Research Trends and Prospect

국내 석조유산의 기후변화 영향: 연구동향과 미래전망

  • Kim, Jiyoung (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • 김지영 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과)
  • Received : 2016.08.05
  • Accepted : 2016.09.20
  • Published : 2016.09.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Studies on vulnerability of cultural heritage and adaptation strategy to worldwide climate change have been actively carried out in advanced countries since the late 20th century, and this established a valid research methodology and piled up climate and deterioration dataset in the field of climate change. Meanwhile, we still have tasks to acquire related scientific data despite referencing political researches in Korea. Applying Korean future climate to impact analysis, deterioration of Korean stone heritage is likely prospected to change into complexity in terms of physical, chemical and biological weathering that may bring impacts on conservation business and administrative field of cultural heritage. Further studies will ensure detailed implication of climate change impact on Korean stone heritage by means of down-scaling analysis of areas to local scale and dataset frequency to an hour. It is important to sort out capability and vulnerability of the stone heritage to future environment, and to make an adaption and prevention strategies.

전지구적으로 일어나는 기후변화에 대응하기 위해 20세기 말부터 선진국을 중심으로 기후변화에 의한 문화유산 취약성 평가와 대책 연구가 활발히 이루어져 관련 연구방법이 정립되고 방대한 기후자료와 손상예측 자료가 축적되었다. 우리나라는 관련된 정책연구가 다수 수행된 반면 여전히 과학적인 근거자료를 확보해야 하는 당면 과제가 남아있다. 한반도 미래 기후자료를 반영한 국내 석조유산의 미래 손상양상은 물리적, 화학적 및 생물학적 풍화 측면에서 복합적으로 변화할 가능성이 높으며, 이는 문화유산 보존 분야의 산업과 행정관리에도 영향을 미칠 것으로 전망된다. 앞으로 기후변화에 의한 석조유산의 영향 연구는 지역과 자료주기의 다운스케일을 통해 정밀화된 방향으로 진행되어야 한다. 이를 통해 손상유형과 지역별로 미래 환경에 취약한 석조유산을 가려내고 대응방안을 마련하는 것이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. Andre, M.F. and Phalip, B., 2010, Rates of stone recession on Mediaeval monuments: some thoughts and methodological perspectives. Cadernos Lab. Xeoloxico de Laxe, Coruna, 35, 13-40.
  2. Australia ICOMOS, 2013, http://australia.icomos.org/
  3. Bonazza, A., Messina, P., Sabbionia, C., Grossi, C.M. and Brimblecombe, P., 2009a, Mapping the impact of climate change on surface recession of carbonate buildings in Europe. Science of the Total Environment, 407, 2039-2050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.10.067
  4. Bonazza, A., Sabbioni, C., Messina, P., Guaraldi, C. and De Nuntiis, P., 2009b, Climate change impact: Mapping thermal stress on Carrara marble in Europe. Science of the Total Environment, 407, 4506-4512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.008
  5. Brimblecombe, P., Grossi, C.M. and Harris, I., 2006, Climate change critical to cultural heritage. In: R. Fort, M. Alvarez de Buergo, C. Gomez-Heras and C. Vazquez-Calvo (eds.), Heritage, weathering and conservation, Balkema, Rotterdam, 387-393.
  6. Camuffo, D., 1998, Microclimate for Cultural Heritage. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 11.
  7. Characklis, W. G. and Marshall, K. C., 1990, Biofilms: a basis for an interdisciplinary approach. In W. G. Characklis and K. C. Marshall(eds.), Biofilms, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 3-15.
  8. Cole, I.S., Paterson, D.A., Ganther, W., Hinton, B., McAdam, G., McGeachie, M., Jeffrey, R., Chotimongkol, L., Bhamornsut, C., Hue, N.V. and Purwadaria, S., 2003, Corrosion Engineering. Science & Technology, 38, 267-274.
  9. Cultural Heritage Administration, 2005, Statistics of natural hazards on cultural heritage for recent three years. 1-5. (in Korean)
  10. Cultural Heritage Administration, 2012a, Establishment of comprehensive countermeasures for conservation of cultural heritage for adaptation to climate change. 1-304. (in Korean)
  11. Cultural Heritage Administration, 2012b, Research on teaching material and program development for disaster prevention in cultural heritage. 1-228. (in Korean)
  12. Cultural Heritage Administration and Chungnam Province, 2013, Safety management of cultural heritage. 1-136. (in Korean)
  13. Environmental Change Institute, 2013, Climate Research. http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/research/climate/
  14. Fookes, P.G., Dearman, W.R. and Franklin, J.A., 1971, Some engineering aspects of rock weathering. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology. 4, 139-185. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.QJEG.1971.004.03.01
  15. Fraunhofer, 2014, Climate for Culture. http://www.climateforculture.eu/
  16. Gomez-Heras, M., Smith, B.J. and Fort, R., 2006, Surface temperature difference between minerals in crystalline rocks: implications for granular disaggregation of granites through thermal fatigue. Geomorphology, 78, 236-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.12.013
  17. Grossi, C.M., Bonazza, A., Brimblecombe, P., Harris, I. and Sabbioni, C., 2008, Predicting twenty-first century recession of architectural limestone in European cities. Environmental Geology, 56, 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1442-6
  18. Grossi, C.M. and Brimblecombe, P., 2006, The effect of long-term trends in dampness on historic buildings. Weather, 61, 278-281. https://doi.org/10.1256/wea.267.05
  19. Grossi, C.M., Bromblecombe, P. and Harris, I., 2007, Predicting long term freeze-thaw risks on Europe built heritage and archeological sites in a changing climate. Science of the Total Environment, 377, 273-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.014
  20. Gustafsson, M.E.R., 1997, Raised levels of marine aerosol deposition owing to increased storm frequency; a cause of forest decline in southern Sweden. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 84, 169-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(96)02384-2
  21. Hall, K., 2004, Evidence for freeze-thaw events and their implications for rock weathering in northern Canada. Earth Surface Processes and Landform, 29, 43-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1012
  22. Honeyborne, D.B., 1990, Weathering and decay of masonry. In: Ashurt and F.G. Dimes(eds.), Conservation of Building and decorative stones, Butterworth, Oxford, 153-178.
  23. Huijbregts, Z., Kramer, R.P., Martens, M.H.J., Schijndel, A.W.M. and Schellen, H.L., 2012, A proposed method to assess the damage risk of future climate change to museum objects in historic buildings. Building and Environment. 55, 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.01.008
  24. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, 2002, NOAH's Ark: Global climate change impact on built heritage and cultural landscapes. http://noahsark.isac.cnr.it/
  25. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2016, www.ipcc.ch/
  26. Jun, B.K., Ham, M.S., Lee, J.J. and Song, C.Y., 2006, Present state and statistical analysis of stone cultural heritage by national appointment in Republic of Korea. Conservation Studies, 27, 43-61. (in Korean with English abstract)
  27. Kim, J.H., 2009, Geomorphology. Dongkuk University Press, Seoul, 81. (in Korean)
  28. Kim, Y.H., Jeon, S.K., Lee, M.S. and Nam, G.J., 2014, Analysis of evaluation for flood risk architectural heritage. Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 14(1), 11-18. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2014.14.1.11
  29. Korea Environmental Institute, 2010, Forum operating for establishment of basic plan for adaptation to climate change. 1-145. (in Korean)
  30. Lee, M.S., Chun, Y,G., Lee, M.H. and Lee, J.M., 2013, Relationship between deterioration state and conservation treatment types for state-designated stone cultural heritage in Korea. Conservation Studies, 34, 64-81. (in Korean with English abstract)
  31. Korea Meteorological Administration, 2014, Climate Information http://www.climate.go.kr/
  32. Ministry of Strategy and Finance, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Ministry of Foreign Affair, Ministry of Unification, Ministry of National Defence, Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Employment and Labor, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Ministry of Public Safety and Security, Meteorological Administration, Rural Development Administration, Korea Forest Service and Cultural Heritage Administration, 2015, The second national strategy for adaptation to climate change(2016-2020). 61-147. (in Korean)
  33. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, 2011, Cultural heritage technology strategy plan responding to climate change. 3-184. (in Korean)
  34. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, 2012, Comprehensive countermeasures in cultural heritage conservation for adaptation to climate change. Unpublished. (in Korean with English abstract)
  35. National Institute of Meteorological Research, 2009, Understanding climate change. 2, 60-73. (in Korean)
  36. Nimis, P.L. and Monte, M., 1988, The lichen vegetation on the Cathedral of Orvieto (Central Italy). Studia Geobotanica, 8, 77-87.
  37. Prieto, B. and Silva, B., 2005, Estimation of the potential bioreceptivity of granitic rocks from their intrinsic properties. International Biodeterioration and Degradation, 56, 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2005.08.001
  38. Raphaël, D.J.M., Koster, T. and Geurts, C.P.W., 2012, The effect of climate change and natural variability on wind loading values for buildings. Building and Environment, 55, 178-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.010
  39. Sabbioni, C., Brimblecombe, P. and Cassar, M., 2012, The atlas of climate change impact on European cultural heritage. Anthem Press, New York, 113-134.
  40. Smith, B.J., Gomez-Heras, M. and McCabe, S., 2008, Understanding the decay of stone-built cultural heritage. Progress in Physical Geography, 32, 439-461. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133308098119
  41. Smith, B.J., Srinivasan, S., Gomez-Heras, M., Basheer, P.A.M. and Viles, H.A., 2011, Near-surface temperature cycling of stone and its implications for scales of surface deterioration. Geomorphology, 130, 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.10.005
  42. Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Tignor, M. and Miller, H.L. (eds.), 2007, Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, USA, 435-497.
  43. The Korean Society of Conservation Science for Cultural Heritage, 2001-2005, Study on conservation and management of stone cultural heritage. Cultural Heritage Administration. (in Korean)
  44. UNESCO, 2007, Case studies on climate change and world heritage. 56-75.
  45. Viles, H.A., 2002, Implication of future climate change for stone deterioration, Natural stone, weathering phenomena, conservation strategies and case studies. In Eds. (Siegesmund, S., Weiss, T. and Vollbrecht, A.), Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 205, 407-418.
  46. Viles, H.A., 2005, Microclimate and weathering in the central Namib Desert, Namibia. Geomorpholoy, 67, 189-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.04.006
  47. Walder, J. and Hallet, B., 1985, A theoretical model of the fracture of rock during freezing. Geological Society of American Bulletin, 96, 336-346. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<336:ATMOTF>2.0.CO;2
  48. Warscheid, T. and Braams, J., 2000, Biodeterioration of stone : a review. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 46, 343-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00109-8
  49. World Heritage Center, 2016, State of conservation of Timbuktu (Mali). http://whc.unesco.org/