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냉동 저장 온도가 쇠고기의 저장성에 미치는 영향

Effects of freezing storage temperature on the storage stability of beef

  • 박정아 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 주소영 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 황현정 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 나예슬 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김서진 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최정인 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 하주영 ((주)삼성전자) ;
  • 조미숙 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Park, Jeong-Ah (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Joo, So Young (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Hwang, Hyun Jung (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Na, Ye Seul (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kim, Seo Jin (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Choi, Jeong In (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Ha, Joo Young (Samsung Electronics Company) ;
  • Cho, Mi Sook (Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University)
  • 투고 : 2016.02.26
  • 심사 : 2016.06.07
  • 발행 : 2016.08.31

초록

본 연구는 쇠고기의 단기 저장 중 이화학 분석을 통하여 가정에서 쇠고기 저장 시 냉동 저장 조건을 탐색해보았다. 쇠고기의 지방 산패 정도를 나타내는 TBA가에서는 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 유사한 경향을 보였으며, 쇠고기의 단백질 신선도를 나타내는 VBN 함량과 일반세균수도 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 유사한 추세를 보이며 증가하였다. 적색도와 전단력에서는 $-5^{\circ}C$ 저장군이 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장군보다 $-1^{\circ}C$ 저장군과 흡사한 경향을 보였다. 이에 대해 식품의 유통기한에 대한 식품의약품안전처의 고시(2014)에 따르면 식육의 설정실험 지표는 TBA가, 휘발성염기질소, 세균수, 대장균수이므로 본 실험의 TBA가와 VBN 함량, 일반세균 수 항목에서 $-5^{\circ}C$에서의 저장이 $-20^{\circ}C$ 저장과 유사한 결과를 나타낸 점에 의의가 있다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 쇠고기의 단기 저장 시 $-5^{\circ}C$에서의 저장은 $-20^{\circ}C$에서의 저장과 유사한 측면을 보이며 약 52일간 저장이 가능할 것으로 예측되어 쇠고기의 단기 저장 시 신선도 유지에 효율적이라고 생각된다. 추후 온도 조절뿐만 아니라 가정용 냉장고의 습도, 쇠고기의 포장 방법, 저장 시 용량 등 여러 인자들의 조절로 가정 내 쇠고기의 냉동 저장에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

This study was conducted to investigate changes in pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), $a^*$ (redness), shearing force, and microbial content (total plate count; TPC) in beef during freezing storage at -1, -5, and $-20^{\circ}C$ for 21 days. TPC as an effective quality indicator was used to identify the decay point by regression analysis. The pH, TBA values, and TPC significantly increased with storage at all tested temperatures (p<0.05). VBN significantly increased and shearing force significantly decreased with storage at -1 and $-5^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). TPC showed significant correlation with temperature at $-1^{\circ}C\;(R^2=0.891)$, $-5^{\circ}C\;(R^2=0.856)$, and $-20^{\circ}C\;(R^2=0.444)$. The decay points at -1, -5, and $-20^{\circ}C$, were 27, 52, and 84 days, respectively. The results suggest that a freezing temperature of $-5^{\circ}C$ is effective for short-term storage of beef.

키워드

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