Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Assessment of water use vulnerability in the unit watersheds using TOPSIS approach with subjective and objective weights

주관적·객관적 가중치를 활용한 TOPSIS 기반 단위유역별 물이용 취약성 평가

  • Park, Hye Sun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong Bin (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Um, Myoung-Jin (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Yeonjoo (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • 박혜선 (연세대학교 공과대학 토목.환경공학과) ;
  • 김정빈 (연세대학교 공과대학 토목.환경공학과) ;
  • 엄명진 (연세대학교 공과대학 토목.환경공학과) ;
  • 김연주 (연세대학교 공과대학 토목.환경공학과)
  • Received : 2016.04.29
  • Accepted : 2016.07.07
  • Published : 2016.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to develop the indicator-based approach to assess water use vulnerability in watersheds and applied to the unit watershed within the Han River watershed. Vulnerability indices were comprised of three sub-components (exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity) with respect to water use. The indicators were made up of 16 water use indicators. Then we estimated vulnerability indices using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution approach (TOPSIS). We collected environmental and socio-economic data from national statistics database, and used them for simulated results by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. For estimating the weighted values for each indicator, expert surveys for subjective weight and data-based Shannon's entropy method for objective weight were utilized. With comparing the vulnerability ranks and analyzing rank correlation between two methods, we evaluated the vulnerabilities for the Han River watershed. For water use, vulnerable watersheds showed high water use and the water leakage ratio. The indices from both weighting methods showed similar spatial distribution in general. Such results suggests that the approach to consider different weighting methods would be important for reliably assessing the water use vulnerability in watersheds.

본 연구는 유역의 물이용 취약성을 평가하는 지표 기반 접근법을 개발하고 이를 한강유역의 단위유역에 적용하였다. 평가 지표는 기후뿐만 아니라 사회 경제 환경적 측면을 고려하여 총 16개를 선정하였으며, 취약성 정의에 따라 노출, 민감도, 적응능력으로 구성하였다. 이는 다기준 의사결정기법(Multi-criteria Decision Making, MCDM) 중 TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution)를 적용하여 유역에 대한 취약성을 도출하였다. 지표 자료는 2010년을 기준으로 수집하였으며, 국가 통계 자료 및 SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형의 모의 자료를 활용하였다. 또한, 각 지표에 대한 가중치는 전문가 설문조사를 통하여 산정된 주관적 가중치(Subjective weight)와 자료 기반 엔트로피(Entropy) 개념을 활용하여 산정된 객관적 가중치(Objective weight)로 구분하여 적용하였다. 수도를 포함하고 있는 한강 유역에 대하여 표준단위유역별 취약성을 평가하고 우선순위 비교 및 순위상관 분석을 실시하였다. 취약한 유역들은 대부분 용수사용량이 많고 상수도 누수율이 높게 나타났다. 가중치 적용 방법에 따른 취약성은 일부 지역에서 차이를 보였으나, 전반적으로 북한강유역의 취약성이 가장 높았다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여 보다 신뢰도 높은 물이용 취약성 평가를 위해서는 다양한 가중치 방법론을 활용하는 것이 중요함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, S.R., and Kim, S.J. (2016). "Analysis of water balance by surface-groundwater interaction using the SWAT model for the han river basin, South Korea." Journal of the American Water Resources Association, under review.
  2. Arnold, J.G., Srinivasan, R., Muttiah, R.S., and Williams, J.R. (1998). "Large area hydrologic modeling and assessment. Part I: Model development." Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 34, pp. 73-89. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05961.x
  3. Baeck, S.H., Choi, S.J., Hong, S.J., and Kim, D.P. (2011). "A study on comparison of normalization and weighting method for constructing index about flood." Journal of Wetlands Research, Vol. 13, pp. 411-426.
  4. Chung, E.S., Won, K., Kim, Y., and Lee, H. (2014). "Water resource vulnerability characteristics by district's population size in a changing climate using subjective and objective weights." Sustainability, Vol. 6, pp. 6141-6157. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6096141
  5. Garg, H., Agarwal, N., and Choubey, A. (2015). "Entropy based multi-criteria decision making method under fuzzy environment and unknown attribute weights." Global Journal of Technology & Optimization, Vol. 6, doi:10.4172/2229-8711.1000182.
  6. Hafezparast, M., Araghinejad, S., and Filatova, T. (2015). "Comparing the subjective and the objective criteria weighting in agricultural water resources management." Hydrology, Vol. 3, pp. 38-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20150304.11
  7. Han, P.K., and Kang, B.G. (2009). "An impact assessment index for the RFID privacy." Journal of Information Management, Vol. 40, pp. 69-86. https://doi.org/10.1633/JIM.2009.40.1.069
  8. Han, S.R., Kang, N.R., and Lee, C.S. (2015). "Disaster risk evaluation for urban areas under composite hazard factors." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 15, pp. 33-43. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2015.15.3.33
  9. Hwang, C.L., and Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple attribute decision making an introduction, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks London New Delhi, pp. 38-45.
  10. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007). Climate change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, IPCC Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  11. Kim, D., Jung, Y., Park, M.J., Yoon, J.Y., Kim, S., and Choi, M. (2011). "Vulnerability analysis of water resources considering climate change." Journal of Wetlands Research, Vol.13, pp. 25-33.
  12. Kim, Y., and Chung, E.S. (2014). "An index-based robust decision making framework for watershed management in a changing climate." Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 473-474, pp. 88-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.002
  13. Kim, Y., and Chung, E.S. (2015). "Robust prioritization of climate change adaptation strategies using the VIKOR method with objective weights." Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 51, pp. 1167-1182. https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12291
  14. Kim, Y.K., Chung, E.S., and Lee, K.S. (2012). "Fuzzy TOPSIS approach to flood vulnerability assessment in Korea." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 45, pp. 901-913. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.9.901
  15. Korea Environment Institute (KEI) (2008). Development and application of a climate change vulnerability index.
  16. Korea Environment Institute (KEI) (2014). Development and application of sustainable water use indicators.
  17. Lee, K.I. (2003). "Selecting on the preferred alternatives of the MADM problems using the entropy measure." Journal of the Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering, Vol. 26, pp. 55-61.
  18. Lee, M.H., Jung, I.W., and Bae, D.H. (2011). "Korean flood vulnerability assessment on climate change." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 44, pp. 653-666. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2011.44.8.653
  19. Lee, S., Kang, J.E., Bae, H.J., and Yoon, D.K. (2015). "Vulnerability assessment of the air pollution using entropy weights : Focused on ozone." Journal of the Korean Association of Regional Geographers, Vol. 21, pp. 751-763.
  20. Oh, S.B., Kang, Y.H., and Lee, H.S. (2014). "A Study on evaluation of coastal cities-vulnerability by climate change in Korea." Journal of Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 16, pp. 87-97. https://doi.org/10.14577/kirua.2014.16.1.87
  21. Shannon, C.E. (1948). "A mathematical theory of communications." Bell Systems Technical Journal, Vol. 27, pp. 379-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
  22. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2005). Adaptation policy frameworks for climate change : Developing strategies, polices, and measures. Cambridge University Press, USA.
  23. Wang, X., Ma, F.B., and Li, J.Y. (2012). "Water resources vulnerability assessment based on the parametric-system method: A case study of the Zhanjiakou region of Guanting reservoir basin, North China." Procedia Environmental Sciences, Vol. 13, pp. 1204-1212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.114
  24. Won, K.J., Sung, J.H., and Chung, E.S. (2015). "Parameteric assessment of water use vulnerability of South Korea using SWAT model and TOPSIS." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 48, pp. 647-657. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2015.48.8.647