Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Typological Characteristics of Waterscape Elements from the Chapter 「Sancheon」 of the Volumes Gyeongsang-province in 『Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram』

『신증동국여지승람』의 경상도편 「산천(山川)」 항목에 수록된 수경(水景) 요소의 특징

  • Lim, Eui-Je (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • So, Hyun-Su (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, The University of Seoul)
  • 임의제 (경남과학기술대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 소현수 (서울시립대학교 조경학과)
  • Received : 2016.02.18
  • Accepted : 2016.05.26
  • Published : 2016.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aims at the consideration of the usages of traditional waterscape elements, which are difficult to define their concepts and their differences and it has been proceeded mainly with analysis of literature. It elicited various waterscape types by extracting the place names associated with the watersacpe elements from the chapter "Sancheon" of the volumes Gyeongsang-province in "Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram", which is a government-compiled geography book in the early period of Joseon Dynasty, and drew the features of each waterscape element by interpreting the dictionary definition and the original text and studying the similar examples. The results of study are drawn as follows. 1. The chapter "Sancheon" includes 22 types of waterscape elements and they are classified by means of locations and water-flow forms: River Landscape, Lake & Pond Landscape, Coast landscape. 2. River landscape maintaining constant natural water-flow constitutes the linear type, related to the class of stream, which includes 'Su(water)', 'Gang(river)', 'Cheon(stream)' and 'Gye(brook)' and the dotty type, created by the nature of trenched meander rivers, which includes 'Tan(beach)', 'Roe(rapids)', 'Pok(waterfall)' and 'Jeo(sandbank)'. 3. Lake & Pond Landscape forming water collected in a certain area constitutes 'Ho(lake)', which is a broad and calm spot created around mid and down stream of river, 'Yeon(pool)', 'Dam(pond)', 'Chu(small pond)', which are naturally created on the water path around mid and down stream of river, 'Ji(pond)', 'Dang(pond)', 'Taek(swamp)', which is collected on a flatland and 'Cheon(spring)', 'Jeong(spring)' which means gushing out naturally. 4. Coast Landscape includes 'Ryang', 'Hang', which are the space between land and an island or islands, 'Got(headland)' which sticks out from the coast into the sea, 'Jeong(sandbank)' which forms sandy beaches and 'Do' which shows high appearance frequency by reflecting the geographical importance of islands. This study comprehended the diversity of traditional waterscape elements and drew the fact that they are the concept reflecting the differentiated locational, scenic and functional features. That way, it understood the aesthetic sense on nature, which ancestors had formed with the interests in natural landscape and the keen observation on it, became the basic idea elucidating the characteristic on Korean traditional gardens, which minimize the artificiality and make nature the subject.

본 연구는 용어의 개념과 차이점을 명료하게 규정하기 어려운 전통 수경(水景) 요소의 쓰임을 고찰하기 위한 목적을 가지고 문헌분석을 위주로 진행되었다. 조선 전기 관찬(官撰) 지리지인 "신증동국여지승람"의 경상도편 "산천" 항목에서 수경과 관련된 지명을 발췌하여 다양한 수경 요소를 파악하고, 사전적 정의와 원문에 대한 해석 및 유사 사례 고찰을 통해서 수경 요소별 특징을 도출하였다. 연구의 결과를 다음과 같이 정리하였다. 1. "산천" 항목에 수록된 수경은 22개 요소였으며, 이를 입지와 물 흐름의 방식에 따라서 하천경관, 호소(湖沼)경관, 해안경관으로 분류하였다. 2. 자연적 물 흐름을 항시 유지하는 하천경관은 물줄기의 위계와 관련된 선적(線的) 형태의 '수(水)', '강(江)', '천(川)', '계(溪)'와 감입곡류하천 특성으로 인해서 형성되는 점적(點的) 형태의 '탄(灘)', '뢰(瀨)', '폭(瀑)', '저(渚)'로 구성된다. 3. 일정 구역에 모인 물 형태를 갖는 호소경관은 '강'의 중하류에 형성된 넓고 잔잔한 지점을 일컫는 '호(湖)', 하천 중상류 유로 상에 자연적으로 형성된 '연(淵)', '담(潭)', '추(湫)', 평지에 모인 물로서 '지(池)', '당(塘)', '택(澤)', 그리고 자연적으로 솟아나는 샘을 지칭하는 '천(泉)', '정(井)'으로 구성된다. 4. 해안경관에는 육지와 섬, 혹은 섬과 섬 사이 공간을 지칭하는 '량(梁)'과 '항(項)', 바다를 향해 돌출된 '곶(串)', 바닷가 모래사장 형태의 '정(汀)', 그리고 도서 지역의 지리적 중요성이 반영되어 높은 출현 빈도를 보인 '도(島)'가 포함된다. 연구 결과를 통해 전통 수경 요소의 다양성을 파악하였으며, 이들이 입지적, 경관적, 기능적으로 차별화된 특징을 반영한 개념이라는 사실을 도출하였다. 이를 통해서 선조들의 자연경관에 대한 관심과 예리한 관찰력으로 형성된 자연에 대한 심미안이 인공을 최소화하고 자연이 주체가 된 우리 전통정원의 특성을 설명할 수 있는 바탕이 된 것으로 이해하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Hwang, K. W.(2011). Interpretation of Landscape, The beauty and Knowing. Seoul National University Press: Seoul.
  2. Ju, N. C.(2006). A History of Korean Architecture. Korea University Press: Seoul.
  3. So, H. S., Lim, E. J. and Choi, K. S.(2007). Ecological Interpretation of the Traditional Pavilions and Its Landscape Gardens in Geochang Area. Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 25(2): 108-126.
  4. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr).
  5. Jeong, E. S.(1997). A Study on Item Systems of Shinjung Tongguk Yoji Sungnam and Cheyong. Journal of the Korean Library and Information Science Society. 31(4): 19-33.
  6. So, S. K.(2014). The Organization and Characteristics of the Documentation of Local Product in the Revised and Augmented Survey of the Geography of Korea (Sinjeung dongguk yeoji seungnam) - A Comparison with the Geographical Appendix to the Annals of. The DongBangHakChi. 165: 33-64.
  7. Park, B. C.(2012). A Study on the Decline of ibponym Words with '遷' in The Augmented Gazetteers of Korea. Eomunyeongu. 40(1): 35-56.
  8. Yu, J. C.(1996). A Study on the Castles and Fortress in the Early Chosun-Dynasty: Focusing on the Record of Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram. Military History. 33: 87-114.
  9. Choi, J. S.(2003). A Study on the Gaekgwan in the former term of Chosun-With Focus on the SinjeungDongkukyeojiseungram. The Korea Academic Society of Tourism and Leisure. 4(3): 175-192.
  10. Ahn, G. B.(1993). An Analysis of the Concept of Dae(臺) through the Analysis of Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram. Journal of Architectural History. 2(2): 26-36.
  11. Yoon, K. B.(1982). A Study on the Garden terms in Goryeo Dynasty. Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture. 1(1): 28-40.
  12. Beom, S. G.(2005). A Study on Physical Geographical Meaning of Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram's Chapter on Gyeongsang-do. Journal of Cultural and Historical Geography. 17(2): 35-57.
  13. Seong, H. J.(2006). Constituent of Place-Name in Korean. Toponymy (Jimyeonghak). 12: 129-156.
  14. Seong, H. J.(2010). On BPM of Traditional Place-Name in Korean. Toponymy(Jimyeonghak). 16: 245-265.
  15. The Digital Local Culture Encyclopedia of Korea. The Academy of Korean Studies.
  16. National Geogaphic Information Institute(2008). Encyclopedia of Origin of the Name of Place.
  17. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr).
  18. The Academy of Korean Studies. Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies (http://www.aks.ac.kr).
  19. Lee, U. H. Restoration Production(1997). The Restoration Map of Daedongyeojido. Monthly 'Mountain'.
  20. Gwon, H. J.(1996). Korean Geography. Bobmunsa: Seoul.
  21. Unigeo Korea(2011). Geography 2. Jayeonjiri. Humanist: Seoul.
  22. Kim, J. U., etc.(2011). Natural Geography in Korea. Seoul National University Press: Seoul.
  23. Heosin Seolmunhaeja-annotated by Dan, O. J., Compiled by Geum H. Y., Oh, C. G(2013). Shuo-wen chieh-tzu(說文解字). Irwolsanbang: Seoul.
  24. Chinese Chracter-Korean Dictionary(漢韓大字典)(1993). Minjung: Seoul.
  25. Naver Encyclopedia (http://terms.naver.com).
  26. Doosan Encyclopedia (doopedia.co.kr).
  27. Oh, H. S.(2008). Aesthetics of Land Names, Dot. Buyonsa: Seoul.
  28. Gang, H. B.(2002). China: The Country of Chivalrous Fighters. Hangilsa: Seoul.
  29. Won, G. R.(1991). A Study of Daedongyeojido. SJ Map: Seoul.
  30. Gwon, H. J.(1996). Korean Geography. Bobmunsa: Seoul.
  31. Choi, B. G.(1995). The Development of the Bend of Upper Streams of the Nam Han river. Doctor's Thesis. Dongguk University. Seoul, Korea.
  32. Dongailbo. Sep. 9th. 1959 (http://newslibrary.naver.com).
  33. Seong, H. U. Record of landscape of Gayasan Mountain. KOCCA CultureContent.com (http://www.culturecontent.com).
  34. Lim, E. J.(1994). A Study on the Formative Characteristics of LuJong of Seoul in the Chosun Dynasty. Master's thesis. University of Seoul. Seoul, Korea.
  35. Encyclopedia of Korean Folk Culture. National Folk Museum of Korea (http://terms.naver/list.nhn?cid=50223&categoryId=50223).
  36. Kim, Y. M.(2012). The Encyclopedia of Traditional Landscape Facilities. Dongnyok: Paju.
  37. Upo Swamp Cyber Bio Park. Changnyeong-Gun (http://www.upo.or.kr).
  38. Kim, J. W.(2012). The Distribution and Korean Reading of Place Names followed by a Sino-Korean Word "ryang(梁)". Garamunhwa 24: 3-17.