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Meaning of instructional materials based on the daily work of class Kaon

가온반의 하루일과를 통해 본 교재·교구의 의미

  • Kim, Kyung-Chul (Department of Early Childhood Education, Korea National University of Education) ;
  • Go, Jin-young (Department of Early Childhood Education, Korea National University of Education)
  • 김경철 (한국교원대학교 유아교육과) ;
  • 고진영 (한국교원대학교 유아교육과)
  • Received : 2016.03.31
  • Accepted : 2016.06.02
  • Published : 2016.06.30

Abstract

This study examined the meaning of instructional materials by observing the daily work of an infant class in a daycare center to make some suggestions on the accreditation and evaluation of instructional materials for early childhood education and educare. Ethnography was chosen to determine in detail what the instructional materials meant for the selected preschoolers. The activities that belonged to each area of free optional activities and made use of instructional materials were observed, and the eating time, nap time, and outdoor play were all observed. The data were gathered by visiting the selected daycare center. A participant observation and teacher interviews were conducted, and notes were taken on the spot. When their verbal expressions and nonverbal expressions needed to be observed owing to their unique characteristics, a camcorder was used to record their words to have a more profound understanding of them. All the collected data that included this researcher's observation note, the teacher interview data, the standard childcare curriculum manual, the daycare center's yearly, and the daily childcare plans and curriculum evaluation data were classified and categorized by performing an inductive analysis. As a result, the instructional materials had three meanings for the infants. The first was "friends who welcomed them and whom they could play with.' The second was "a cozy nest," and the third was "another teacher." Given the findings of the study, the preparation of standards for instructional materials for infants in childcare facilities is required, and even equipment that is used as instructional materials should be taken into consideration when instructional materials for infants are accredited.

본 연구는 어린이집 영아반의 하루일과를 관찰함으로써 교재 교구가 어떤 의미를 지니는 지를 이해하고 이를 바탕으로 유아교육 및 보육 교재교구 인증평가에 시사점을 주고자 하는 질적 연구이다. 교재 교구가 영아들에게 어떠한 의미를 지니는지 구체적으로 알기 위하여 문화기술지 방법을 택하였다. 특히 자유선택활동에서의 영역별 교재교구를 활용한 활동 뿐 아니라, 식사 시간, 낮잠시간, 및 바깥놀이까지 포함하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 위해 연구자는 어린이집을 방문하여 참여관찰과 교사면담, 현장노트 등을 통하여 자료를 수집하였으며 영아의 특성상 언어적 표현 뿐 아니라 비언어적 표현에 대한 관찰이 필요할 경우 이를 보다 더 심층적으로 이해하기 위해 캠코더 촬영도 이루어졌다. 이를 통해 얻은 연구자의 관찰기록노트, 교사 면담자료, 표준보육과정 지침서, 어린이집 연간 및 주간보육계획안, 보육과정 평가서 등의 각종 문헌을 통해 얻은 자료를 분류하고 유목화하는 귀납적 분석 방법으로 자료 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 영아들에게 교재교구는 첫째, '맞이하고 놀아주는 내 친구', 둘째, '포근한 나의 보금자리' 셋째, ' 또 한분의 선생님' 으로서의 의미를 갖는다. 이를 토대로 보육시설의 영아용 교재 교구의 비치 기준안을 재정립할 것과 추후 교재 교구 인증평가 시, 영아들이 사용하는 교재 교구의 대상을 비품형 교재 교구까지 폭넓게 고려해야 함을 제안하는 바이다.

Keywords

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