한국환경생태학회지 (Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology)

  • 제30권3호
  • /
  • Pages.423-433
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1229-3857(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-131X(eISSN)
한국환경생태학회 (Korean Society of Environment and Ecology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

치유의 숲에서 다른 유형의 소리가 방문객의 기분상태(Profile of Mood States: POMS)에 미치는 영향

Effects of Different Types of Sounds on Visitors' Profile of Mood States (POMS) in a Healing Forest Area

  • 김상오 (전남대학교 농생대 임학과) ;
  • 김상미 (전남대학교 농생대 임학과) ;
  • 박승찬 (전남대학교 농생대 임학과) ;
  • 최솔아 (전남대학교 농생대 임학과)
  • 투고 : 2016.02.12
  • 심사 : 2016.05.12
  • 발행 : 2016.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 치유의 숲에서 다른 유형의 소리(무음, 자연, 음악, 아이들 노는 소리)가 방문객의 기분상태(Profile of Mood States: POMS)에 미치는 영향을 비교하였다. 자료는 2012년 10월 중 장성 '축령산편백치유의 숲' 내에 위치한 '치유필드'를 이용하는 231명의 방문객으로부터 수집되었다. 각 피실험자는 각기 다른 유형의 소리에 노출되었으며 실험용 소리가 장착된 헤드셋을 착용한 상태에서 설문에 답변하였다. 실험결과, 기대했던 대로 '아이들 노는 소리' 노출 그룹이 타 그룹에 비해 높은 부정적 기분상태를 나타냈다. 그러나 예측과 달리 자연소리와 음악소리는 피실험자의 POMS에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 경향은 총 기분장애 점수(Total Mood Disturbance Score: TMDS)뿐만 아니라 요인별(불안, 분노, 활력, 피로, 혼란, 우울) POMS에서도 동일하게 나타났다. 또한 혼잡지각(Perceived Crowding)수준과 TMDS(r=0.568) 및 하위 요인별 기분상태(r=0.331-0.571)간에 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 연구의 결과에 대한 토의와 더불어 관리적 차원에서 연구결과에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.

This study compared the effect of different types of sounds(no sounds, sounds of nature, music, and sounds of children playing) on profile of mood states(POMS) in a healing forest. Data were collected from 231 respondents selected from among visitors to the 'Healing Field' in 'Jangseong Chukryongsan Pyeonbaek Healing Forest' in October, 2012. Each respondent was exposed to one type of sound. The results showed that there were differences in POMS among the different sound treatment groups. Sounds of children playing showed negative effects on POMS. Unexpectedly, however, sounds of nature and musical sounds had no effects on POMS. These tendencies were consistently found not only for total mood disturbance score (TMDS) but also for POMS by factors (i. e. tension, anger, vigor, fatigue, confusion, depression). Perceived crowding level was positively correlated with TMDS(r=0.568) and POMS by factors (range: r=0.331 - 0.571). This paper discusses the research results and suggests several managerial implications.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahn, D.S.(2015) Analyses on sound effects for soundscape design of healing garden at psychiatric hospitals: Focused psychological and physiological effects. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 43(1): 82-95. https://doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2015.43.1.082
  2. Alvarsson, J.J., S. Wiens and M.E. Nilsson(2010) Stress recovery during exposure to nature sound and environmental noise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7(3): 1036-1046. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7031036
  3. Anderson, L.M., B. E. Mulligan, L.S. Goodman and H.Z. Regen(1983) Effects of sounds on preferences for outdoor settings. Environment and Behavior 15(5): 539-566. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916583155001
  4. Baker, F., M. Denniston, J. Zabora, A. Polland, W.N. Dudley(2002) A POMS short form for cancer patients: Psychometric and structural evaluation. Psycho-oncology 11: 273-281. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.564
  5. Benfield, J.A., P.A. Bell, L.J. Troup and N.C. Soderstrom(2010) Aesthetic and affective effects of vocal and traffic noise on natural landscape assessment. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30(1): 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.10.002
  6. Carles, J.L., I.L. Barrio and J.V. de Lucio(1999) Sound influence on landscape values. Landscape and Urban Planning 43(4): 191-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(98)00112-1
  7. Fidell, S., L. Silvati, R. Howe, K.S. Pearsons, B. Tabachnick, R.C. Knopf, J. Gramann and T. Buchanan(1996) Effects of aircraft overflights on wilderness recreationists. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100(5): 2909-2918. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.417102
  8. Freimund,W., J. Sacklin, M. Patterson, K. Bosak and S.W. Saxen(2011) Soundscapes and the winter visitor experience. Yellowstone Science 19(2): 6-13.
  9. Gladwin, D.N., D.A. Asherin and K.M. Manci(1988) Effects of aircraft noise and sonic booms on fish and wildlife: results of a survey of U.S. fish and wildlife service endangered species and ecological services field offices, refuges, hatcheries, and research centers. NERC-88/30. USFWS, National Ecology Research Center, Fort Collins, CO, 24pp.
  10. Goines, L. and L. Hagler(2007) Noise pollution: A modern plague. Southern Medical Journal 100(3): 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3180318be5
  11. Greider, T.(1993) Aircraft noise and the practice of Indian medicine: The symbolic transformation of the environment. Human Organization 52(1): 76-82. https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.52.1.3u6328555511180w
  12. Haas, G. and T. Wakefield(1998) National parks and the American public: A national public opinion survey on the national park system. National Parks and Conservation Association and Colorado State University, Washington DC and Fort Collins, CO. 32pp.
  13. Jeong, M.A., S.J. Park, J.H. Lee, C.W. Park and J.J. Kim(2012) A case study on the effects of forest environmental factor on human psychological and physiological responses. The Korea Institute of Forest Recreation Welfare 16(3): 13-19. (in Korean with English abstract)
  14. Joo, S.H. and S.B. Im(1998) A study on the visual simulation methods: The effects of sounds and videos. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 26(3): 312-320. (in Korean with English abstract)
  15. Kim, E.Y.(2005) The effects of musical stimulus on EEG spectra of listeners. Korean Journal of Music Therapy 7(1): 1-18. (in Korean with English abstract)
  16. Kim, H.G., C. Kook, E.S. Beak, G.J. Baek, M.J. Song and H. Shin(2011) A study on the improvement of occupants' satisfaction for the sound environment when the sound source of soundscape is provided to the interior landscape. Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering 21(4): 307-314. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5050/KSNVE.2011.21.4.307
  17. Kim, S.K., W.S. Shin, M.K. Kim, P.S. Yeoun, J.H. Park and R.W. Yoo(2008) The effects of negative ions on stress responses and cognitive functions. Journal Of Korean Forest Society 97(4):423-430. (in Korean with English abstract)
  18. Kim, S.M. and S.O. Kim(2015) Influence of encounter numbers on perceived crowding, psychological and physiological states in therapeutic forest area. Journal of Korean Society for People, Plants, and Environment 18(2): 111-121. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2015.18.2.111
  19. Kim, S.O. and B. Shelby(2011) Effects of soundscapes on perceived crowding and encounter norms. Environmental Management 48(1): 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9680-x
  20. Kim, S.O. and S.M. Kim(2014) Effects of encounter number on perceived crowding and healthfulness in a Healing Forest. Journal of Korean Society for People, Plants, and Environment 17(1): 73-80. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2014.17.1.073
  21. Kjellgren, A. and H. Buhrkall(2010) A comparison of the restorative effect of a natural environment with that of a simulated natural environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30(4): 464-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.011
  22. Kyon, D.H.(2008) A study on the perceptual characteristics of sound in city and natural field. M.S. Thesis, Soongsil Univ., Seoul.
  23. Labbe, E., N. Schmidt, J. Babin and M. Pharr(2007) Coping with Stress: The effectiveness of different types of music. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 32(3): 163-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-007-9043-9
  24. Lee, H.E., W.S. Shin, P.S. Yeoun, Y.M. Cho and S.H. Yeom(2011) Effects of inhalation of essential oil (Chamaecyparis obtusa) on stress and depression in college students. The Journal of Korean Institute of Forest Recreation 15(2): 61-68. (in Korean with English abstract)
  25. Lee, J., B.J. Park, Y. Tsunetsugu, T. Kagawa and Y. Miyazaki (2009) Restorative effects of viewing real forest landscapes: based on a comparison with urban landscapes. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 24(3): 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827580902903341
  26. Lipe, A.W.(2002) Beyond therapy: music, spirituality, and health in human experience: A review of literature. Journal of Music Therapy 39(3): 209-240. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/39.3.209
  27. Mace, B.L., G.C. Corser, L. Zitting and J. Denison(2013) Effects of overflights on the national park experience. Journal of Environmental Psychology 35: 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.04.001
  28. Mace, B.L., P.A. Bell and R.J. Loomis(1999) Aesthetic, affective, and cognitive effects of noise on natural landscape assessment. Society and Natural Resources 12(3): 225-242. https://doi.org/10.1080/089419299279713
  29. Mace, B. L., P.A. Bell, R.J. Loomis and G.E. Haas(2003) Source attribution of helicopter noise in pristine national park landscapes. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration 21(3): 97-119.
  30. Mace, B.L., P.A. Bell and R.J. Loomis(2004) Visibility and natural quiet in national parks and wilderness areas: Psychological considerations. Environment and Behavior 36(1): 5-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503254747
  31. Manning, R.E.(2011) Studies in outdoor recreation: Search and research for satisfaction(3rd ed). Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 448pp.
  32. Manning, R., W. Valliere, J. Hallo, P. Newman, E. Pilcher, M. Savidge and D. Dugan(2006) From landscapes to soundscapes: Understanding and managing natural quiet in the national parks. Proceedings of the 2006 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium (GTR-NRS-P-14). pp. 601-606.
  33. McDonald, C.D., R.M. Baumgartner and R. Iachan(1995) Aircraft management studies: National park service visitors survey. U.S. Dept. of Interior Rep. No. 94-2. Denver, CO: National Park Service, 566pp.
  34. McNair, D.M., M. Lorr and L.F. Droppleman(1971) Manual for the Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
  35. Merchan, C.I., L. Diaz-Balterio and M. Solino(2014) Noise pollution in national parks: Soundscape and economic valuation. Landscape and Urban Planning 123: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.11.006
  36. Miller, N.P(2008) US National Parks and management of park soundscapes: A review. Applied Acoustics 69: 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2007.04.008
  37. Mishima, R., T. Kudo, Y. Tsunetsugu, Y. Miyazaki, C. Yamamura and Y. Yamada(2004) Effects of sounds generated by a dental turbine and a stream on regional cerebral blood flow and cardiovascular responses. Odontology 92(1): 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-004-0039-0
  38. Nam, E.S. and D.C. Uhm(2008) Effects of phytoncides inhalation on serum cortisol level and life stress of college students. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 20(5): 697-706. (in Korean with English abstract)
  39. National Park Overflights Acts(1987) 16 USC 1a-1. Public Law 100-91.
  40. National Park Service(1995) Report on effects of aircraft overflights on the national park system. Denver, CO: U.S. Dept. of Interior National Park Service.
  41. National Park Service(2006) Management policies. Washington, D.C., U.S. Dept. of Interior National Park Service.
  42. Park, J. E.(2005) Effect of inhalation of the essence of hinoki cypress on the improvement of short-term memory and concentration, and the reduction of stress in students. M.S. Dissertation, Univ. of Konkuk, Seoul.
  43. Park, J. H.(2005) The effects of meditation music with nature sound on primary school children's state anxiety. M.S. Thesis, Changwon Univ., Changwon.
  44. Park, Y. S.(2003) The effects of meditation music with nature sound on primary school children's stress reduction. M.S. Thesis, Changwon Univ., Changwon.
  45. Payne, S.R.(2013) The production of a perceived restorativeness soundscape scale. Applied Acoustics 74(2): 255-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2011.11.005
  46. Pepper, C.B., M.A. Nascarella and R.J. Kendall(2003) A review of the effects of aircraft noise on wildlife and humans, current control mechanisms, and the need for further study. Environmental Management 32(4):418-432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-3024-4
  47. Pilcher, E.J., P. Newman and R.E. Manning(2009) Understanding and managing experiential aspects of soundscapes at Muir Woods National Monument. Environmental Management 43: 425-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9224-1
  48. Ratcliffe, E., B. Gatersleben and P.T. Sowden(2013) Bird sounds and their contributions to perceived attention restoration and stress recovery. Journal of Environmental Psychology 36: 221-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.08.004
  49. Shelby, B. and T. Heberlein(1986) Carrying capacity in recreation settings. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press.
  50. Simoni, M., M.G. Martone and J.F. Kerwin(2002) Spirituality and psychological adaptation among women with HIV/AIDS: Implications for counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology 49: 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.49.2.139
  51. Stack, D.W., P. Newman, R.E. Manning and K.M. Fristrup(2011) Reducing visitor noise levels at Muir Woods National Monument using experimental management. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129: 1375-1380. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3531803
  52. Suh, J.H. and M.S. Sung(2001a) The impact of soundscape in landscape preference. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 29(3): 10-18. (in Korean with English abstract)
  53. Suh, J.H. and M.S. Sung(2001b) The influence of acoustic information type on landscape preference. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 29(5): 28-36. (in Korean with English abstract)
  54. Terman, M. and J.S. Terman(2006) Controlled trial of naturalistic dawn simulation and negative air ionization for seasonal affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(12): 2126-2133. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.2006.163.12.2126
  55. Terry, P.C., A.M. Lane, H.J. Lane and L. Keohane(1999) Development and validation of a mood measure for adolescents. Journal of Sports Sciences 17: 861-872. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404199365425
  56. Ulrich, R.S.(1981) Natural versus urban scenes: Some psychophysiological effects. Environment and Behavior 13(5): 523-556. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916581135001
  57. Velarde, M.D., G. Fry and M. Tveit( 2007) Health effects of viewing landscapes: Landscape types in environmental psychology. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 6: 199-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2007.07.001
  58. Wang, X., S. Rodiek, C. Wu, Y. Chen and Y. Li(2016) Stress recovery and restorative effects of viewing different urban park scenes in Shanghai, China. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 15: 112-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2015.12.003