Acknowledgement
Supported by : Mahidol University
References
-
Ashokkumar P, Sudhandiran G (2011). Luteolin inhibits cell proliferation during azoxymethane-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis via Wnt/
${\beta}$ -catenin pathway. Invest New Drugs, 29, 273-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-009-9359-9 - Bird RP (1987). Observation and quantification of aberrant crypts in the murine colon treated with a colon carcinogen: preliminary findings. Cancer Lett, 37, 147-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(87)90157-1
- Candela M, Turroni S, Biagi E, et al (2014). Inflammation and colorectal cancer, when microbiota-host mutualism breaks. World J Gastroenterol, 20, 908-22. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i4.908
- Chan A, Giovannucci E (2010). Primary prevention of colorectal cancer. Gastroenterol, 138, 2029-43. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.057
- De Waal Malefyt R, Abrams J, Bennett B, et al (1991). Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an auto-regulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. J Exp Med, 174, 1209-20. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.5.1209
- Fenoglio-Preiser C, Noffsinger A (1999). Aberrant crypt foci: A review. Toxicol Pathol, 27, 632-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/019262339902700604
- Fredericks E, Dealtry G, Roux S (2015). Molecular aspects of colorectal carcinogenesis: A review. J Cancer Biol Res, 3, 1057-64.
- Greten FR, Eckmann L, Greten T, et al (2004). IKKbeta links inflammation and tumorigenesis in a mouse model of colitisassociated cancer. Cell, 118, 285-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.013
-
Hegazy RA, Hegazy AA, Abdel-Aziz HR, et al (2013). Expression of
${\beta}$ -catenin and cyclooxygenase 2 in colorectal carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study. Universal J Med Sci, 1, 72-7. - Hong SK, Gul YA, Ithnin H, et al (2004). Expression of betacatenin, COX-2 and iNOS in colorectal cancer: relevance of COX-2 and iNOS inhibitors for treatment in Malaysia. Asian J Surg, 27, 10-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1015-9584(09)60237-2
- Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, et al (2011). Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin, 61, 69-90. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.20107
- Kantola T, Klintrup K, Vayrynen J, et al (2012). Stage-dependent alterations of the serum cytokine pattern in colorectal carcinoma. Br J Cancer, 107, 1729-36. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2012.456
- Katyama M, Yoshimi N, Yamada Y, et al (2002). Preventive effect of fermented brown rice and rice bran against colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats. Oncol Rep, 9, 817-22.
-
Kazem A, Sayed K, Kerm Y (2014). Prognostic significance of COX-2 and
${\beta}$ -catenin in colorectal carcinoma. Alex J Med, 50, 211-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2013.05.007 - Knupfer H, Preiss R (2010). Serum interleukin-6 levels in colorectal cancer patients-a summary of published results. Int J Colorectal Dis, 25, 135-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-009-0818-8
- Kraus S, Arber N (2009). Inflammation and colorectal cancer. Curr Opin Pharmacol, 9, 405-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2009.06.006
- Luceri C, Caademi G, Sanna A, et al (2002). Red wine and black tea polyphenols modulate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and glutathione-related enzymes in azoxymethane-induced F344 rat colon tumors. J Nutr, 132, 1376-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.6.1376
- Mori H, Hata K, Yamada Y, et al (2005). Significance and role of early-lesions in experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. Chem Biol Interact, 155, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2005.04.005
- Nishino H, Satomi Y, Tokuda H, et al (2007). Cancer control by phytochemicals. Curr Pharm Des, 13, 3394-9. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161207782360519
-
Nunez F, Bravo S, Ceuzat F, et al (2011). Wnt/
${\beta}$ -catenin signaling enhances cyclooxygenenase-2 (COX-2) transcriptional activity in gastric cancer cells. PLoS ONE, 6, 1-10. - Oving IM, Clevers HC (2002). Molecular causes of colon cancer. Eur J Clin Invest, 32, 448-57. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.01004.x
- Pan MH, Lai CS, Wu JC, et al (2011). Molecular mechanisms for chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by natural dietary compounds. Mol Nutr Food Res, 55, 32-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201000412
- Pandurangan AK (2013). Potential targets for prevention of colorectal cancer: a focus on PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt pathways. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 2201-5. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.4.2201
- Pandurangan AK, Esa NM (2013). Dietary non-nutritive factors in targeting of regulatory molecules in colorectal cancer: an update. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 5543-52. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.10.5543
- Sillars-Hardebol A, Carvalho B, De Wit M, et al (2010). Identification of key genes for carcinogenic pathways associated with colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression. Tumour Biol, 31, 89-96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-009-0012-1
- Soria J-C, Moon C, Kemp BL, et al (2003). Lack of interleukin-10 expression could predict poor outcome in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Can Res, 9, 1785-91.
- Sturlan S, Oberhuber G, Beinhauer B, et al (2001). Interleukin-10-deficient mice and inflammatory bowel disease associated cancer development. Carcinogenesis, 22, 665-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/22.4.665
- Surh Y (2003). Cancer chemoprevention with dietary phytochemicals. Nat Rev Cancer, 3, 768-80. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1189
- Suwannalert P, Rattanachitthawat S (2011). High levels of phytophenolics and antioxidant activities in Oryza sativa - unpolished Thai rice strain of Leum Phua. Trop J Pharm Res, 10, 431-6.
-
Takahashi M, Fukuda K, Sugimura T, et al (1998).
${\beta}$ -catenin is frequently mutated and demonstrates altered cellular location in azoxymethane-induced rat colon tumors. Cancer Res, 58, 42-6. - Takayama T, Katsuki S, Takahashi Y, et al (1998). Aberrant crypt foci of the colon as precacerous of adenoma and cancer. N Engl J Med, 339, 1277-84. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199810293391803
- Tammasakchai A, Reungpatthanaphong S, Chaiyasut C, et al (2012). Red strain Oryza sativa - unpolished Thai rice prevents oxidative stress and colorectal aberrant crypt foci formation in rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 1929-33. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.5.1929
- Tantamango YM, Knutsen SF, Beeson WL, et al (2011). Foods and food groups associated with the incidence of colorectal polyps: the adventist health study. Nutr Cancer, 63, 565-72. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2011.551988
- Toiyama Y, Miki C, Inoue Y, et al (2010). Loss of tissue expression of interleukin-10 promotes the disease progression of colorectal carcinoma. Surg Today, 40, 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-009-4016-7
- Visco C, Vassilakopoulos T, Kliche K, et al (2004). Elevated serum levels of IL-10 are associated with inferior progression-free survival in patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with radiotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma, 45, 2085-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428190410001712234
- Wargovich MJ, Brown VR, Morris J (2010). Aberrant crypt foci: the case for inclusion as a biomarker for colon cancer. Cancers, 2, 1705-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers2031705
- Xiao H, Hao XP, Simi B, et al (2008). Green tea polyphenols inhibit colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation and prevent oncogenic changes in dysplastic ACF in azoxymethane-treated F344 rats. Carcinogenesis, 29, 113-9.
- Zhao S, Wu D, Wu P, et al (2015). Serum IL-10 predicts worse outcome in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 10, 1-15.