The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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The Korean version of the FRAIL scale: clinical feasibility and validity of assessing the frailty status of Korean elderly

  • Jung, Hee-Won (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Yoo, Hyun-Jung (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Park, Si-Young (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Wook (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Choi, Jung-Yeon (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Yoon, Sol-Ji (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Cheol-Ho (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-il (Geriatric Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
  • Received : 2014.10.30
  • Accepted : 2015.01.06
  • Published : 2016.05.01
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Abstract

Background/Aims: The fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illnesses, and loss of weight (FRAIL) scale is a screening tool for frailty status using a simple 5-item questionnaire. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility and validity of the Korean version of the FRAIL (K-FRAIL) scale. Methods: Questionnaire items were translated and administered to 103 patients aged ${\geq}65years$ who underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. In this cross-sectional study, the K-FRAIL scale was compared with the domains and the multidimensional frailty index of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. We also assessed the time required to complete the scale. Results: The participants' mean age was 76.8 years (standard deviation [SD], 6.1), and 55 (53.4%) were males. The mean overall frailty index was 0.19 (SD, 0.17). For K-FRAIL-robust, prefrail, and frail patients, the mean frailty indices were 0.09, 0.18, and 0.34, respectively (p for trend < 0.001). A higher degree of impairment in the K-FRAIL scale was associated with worse nutritional status, poor physical performance, functional dependence, and polypharmacy. The number of items with impairment in the K-FRAIL scale was positively associated with the frailty index (B = 3.73, p < 0.001). The K-FRAIL scale could differentiate vulnerability from robustness with a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.33. Of all patients, 75 (72.8%) completed the K-FRAIL scale within < 3 minutes. Conclusions: The K-FRAIL scale is correlated with the frailty index and is a simple tool to screen for frailty in a clinical setting.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 글로벌박사펠로우십사업

Supported by : 한국과학기술원

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