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C-reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Discrepancies and Variations after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Kawasaki Disease

가와사끼병에서 C-반응 단백질과 적혈구 침강속도의 불일치 및 정맥내 면역글로불린 치료 후의 변화

  • Lee, Yoon Suk (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jihyen (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine) ;
  • Hong, Young Mi (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sohn, Sejung (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine)
  • 이윤숙 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이지현 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 홍영미 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 손세정 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2015.08.26
  • Accepted : 2015.10.23
  • Published : 2016.04.25

Abstract

Purpose: We undertook this study to investigate discrepancies in C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values, and variations following intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods: A total of 123 KD patients were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were treated with IVIG 2 g/kg at 2 to 9 days after disease onset. We obtained white blood cell (WBC) count, percentage of neutrophils (% neutrophils), CRP, ESR, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) values before and 48 to 72 hours after IVIG treatment. Discrepancy was defined as $CRP{\geq}10mg/dL$ and ESR <50 mm/hr (Group 1), or CRP <10 mg/dL and $ESR{\geq}50mm/hr$ (Group 2). Results: Thirty-six of 123 subjects (29.2%) had a discrepancy: 25 (20.3%) in Group 1 and 11 (8.9%) in Group 2. In Group 1, 15 patients (60%) had fever for <5 days (early presenter) and 10 (40%) had fever for ${\geq}5days$ (late presenter). There were six early presenters (55%) and five late presenters (45%) in Group 2. Late presenters had higher ESR than early presenters ($34.3{\pm}21.0mm/hr$ vs. $26.3{\pm}19.3mm/hr$, P=0.029). After IVIG treatment, elevated WBC count, % neutrophils, CRP, and NT-proBNP levels normalized. In contrast, ESR increased from $37.4{\pm}21.9mm/hr$ to $48.0{\pm}22.7mm/hr$ (n=36, P=0.051). Conclusions: A discrepancy may be related to the duration of fever. Due to discrepancies in CRP and ESR values in acute KD, both should be measured to assess the degree of inflammatory activity before IVIG treatment. After IVIG treatment, the ESR should not be used as a marker of response to therapy in KD.

목적: 가와사끼병에서 C-반응 단백질(CRP)과 적혈구 침강속도(ESR)의 불일치 및 정맥내 면역글로불린(IVIG) 치료 후의 변화를 보고자 하였다. 방법: 총 123명의 가와사끼병 환자의 의무기록를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 염증성 지표들을 IVIG 치료 전과 치료 후 48-72시간에 검사하였다. 불일치는 $CRP{\geq}10mg/dL$와 ESR <50 mm/hr, 또는 CRP <10 mg/dL와 $ESR{\geq}50mm/hr$로 정의하였고 전자를 1 군으로, 후자를 2군으로 구분하였다. 결과: 전체 123명 중 36명(29.2%)에서 불일치를 보였는데 1군은 25명(20.3%)이었고, 2군은 11명(8.9%)이었다. 1군에서 15명은 발열기간이 5일 미만(초기 발현자)이었고, 10명은 5일 이상(후기 발현자)이었다. 2군에서는 6명이 초기 발현자, 5명이 후기 발현자였다. ESR 값은 초기 발현자보다 후기 발현자에서 더 높았다($26.3{\pm}19.3mm/hr$ vs. $34.3{\pm}21.0mm/hr$, P=0.029). IVIG 치료 후에는 증가된 CRP를 포함한 여러 염증성 지표들은 정상으로 돌아왔으나 ESR은 오히려 $37.4{\pm}21.9mm/hr$에서 $48.0{\pm}22.7mm/hr$로 증가하였다(n=36, P=0.051). 결론: CRP와 ESR 값의 불일치는 발열기간과 연관이 있으리라 추정된다. 이 두 중요 염증성 지표가 불일치할 수 있으므로 급성 가와사끼병의 치료 전 질병의 염증 활성도를 평가하기 위해서는 이 두 지표를 동시에 검사하는 것이 필요하며, IVIG 치료 후의 ESR은 치료 반응의 지표로 적합하지 않다.

Keywords

References

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