Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (전자공학회논문지)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
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Three-Dimensional Subsurface Resistivity Profile using Electrical Resistance Tomography for Designing Grounding Grid

접지 그리드 설계를 위한 전기 저항 단층촬영법에 기반한 지표의 3차원 저항률 분포 추정

  • Received : 2016.03.15
  • Accepted : 2016.04.06
  • Published : 2016.04.25
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Abstract

Installation of earth grounding system is essential to ensure personnel safety and correct operation of electrical equipment. Earth parameters, especially, soil resistivity has to be determined in designing an efficient earth grounding system. The most common applied technique to measure soil resistance is Wenner four-point method. Implementation of this method is expensive, time consuming and cumbersome as large set of measurements with variable electrode spacing are required to obtain a one dimensional resistivity plot. It is advantageous to have a method which is of low cost and provides fast measurements. In this perspective, electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is applied to estimate subsurface resistivity profile. Electrical resistance tomograms characterize the soil resistivity distribution based on the measurements from electrodes placed in the region of interest. The nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem is solved using iterated Gauss-Newton method with Tikhonov regularization. Through extensive numerical simulations, it is found that ERT offers promising performance in estimating the three-dimensional soil resistivity distribution.

대지의 접지 시스템 설치는 안전성과 전기 기기의 올바른 작동을 위해 필수적이며, 대지 파라미터, 특히 토양의 저항률은 대지 접지 시스템 설계에서 결정되어야 한다. 토양의 저항률을 측정하기 위한 가장 흔한 방법은 Wenner의 4전극 방법이 있으며, 이 방법은 1차원의 저항률을 얻기 위하여 가변 전극 간격을 갖는 큰 측정 세트가 요구되어 번거롭고, 시간소모가 많으며 비용이 많이 든다. 전기 저항 단층촬영법은 저비용이며 빠른 측정이 가능하다는 장점 때문에 토양의 저항률 분포를 추정하기 위해 적용될 수 있다. 전기 저항 단층은 관심지역에 놓인 전극에서 얻은 측정데이터를 사용하여 토양 저항률 분포를 특성화한다. 이때 전기 단층 촬영법의 역문제는 비선형성이 강하여 저항률 분포를 추정하기 위하여 Tikhonov 조정 방법을 갖는 반복적 Gauss-Newton 방법을 사용한다. 다양한 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 3차원 토양의 저항률 분포를 추정하는데 전기 저항 단층 촬영법은 유용한 성능을 제공하고 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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