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이매패류 어미관리를 위한 미세조류 기반 폐쇄-순환여과시스템 개발 연구: I. 성 성숙 유도

Development studies of microalgae-based closed recirculating bivalves adults conditioning system: I. Induction of the gametogenesis

  • 김정우 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소) ;
  • 허영백 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소) ;
  • 한종철 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소) ;
  • 박영철 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소)
  • 투고 : 2016.09.24
  • 심사 : 2016.09.30
  • 발행 : 2016.09.30

초록

폐쇄순환여과시스템을 활용 굴 어미를 전체 42일 간의 평균 일간 사육수의 교환율은 0.5%였고, 총 사육수 교환은 21.3%이었다. 실험기간 동안 수온은 실험개시 시 $16.3^{\circ}C$에서 서서히 증가시켜 실험 21일째 $22.7^{\circ}C$로 상승되었고, 이 후 실험종료 시까지 $22.1{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C$였고, 염분변화는 $24.9{\pm}0.4$ 이었고, 용존산소는 7.9-5.1 mg/L 이었고, pH 는 $7.93{\pm}0.15$였다. 암모니아와 질산의 축적농도 범위는 각각 1.958-0.353 mg/L 과 1.34-0.47 mg/L 였고, 아질산 농도는 0.03-0.16 mg/L 였고, 용존성무기인의 농도는 0.42-0.03 mg/L, 규산염은 0.00-3.83 mg/L, 아질산을 제외하고 실험기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적(P < 0.05) 으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 생식소 발달은 실험 42일 만에 암컷은 90.9%, 수컷은 94.4% 방란 방정이 가능한 완전히 성숙된 생식소로 발달하였다. 비만도는 실험 개시 시 25.2에서 종료 시 24.5로 유의적인 차이는 없었고, 크기요소인 평균 각장과 각폭은 실험 개시 시에 약간 성장하였지만 유의적인 차이는 없었다 (P < 0.05). 그러나 평균 각고는 개시 시 대비 종료 시 8.3 mm 성장하였고, 무게요소인 평균 전중, 육중 및 각중은 전체적으로 유의적인 증가가 나타났다. 실험기간 동안 전체 평균 생존율은 98.7%였고, 각장은 실험개시 시 평균 54.5 mm 에서 실험종료 시 59.2 mm 로 유의적인 성장변화는 없었지만, 평균 4.6 mm 성장하였고, 각고는 실험 14일째 평균 122.9 mm 까지 유의적인 성장이 관찰되었다. 실험결과 충분히 본 시스템의 시설용량으로 기존 가온해수유수 사육 방법 대비 에너지비용과 먹이공급량 대비 10분 1수준에서 채란 가능한 어미로 성숙시킬 수 있을 것으로 추정되어 향 후 상업적 인공종묘배양장에서 충분히 활용 가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

Techniques were developed for holding and conditioning of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in a closed recirculating system. Experimental adults were used 500 oysters ( x two system, total 1,000 oysters) which were collected in $20^{th}$ March 2016 from long-line aquaculture farm at the south coast of Korea. During conditioning periods concentrated live microalgae as Isochrysis sp. $15{\times}10^7cells/mL$, Tetraselmis sp. $2{\times}10^7cells/mL$ and Pheaodactylum sp. $18{\times}10^7cells/mL$ were added 5 L every day, respectively which micro algae were functioned as diets and biological filter. Over all experimental periods total water exchange rate was 21.3% (daily 0.5%). Over 42 days conditioning, female and male oysters were maturated 90.9% and 94.4%, respectively. Survival rate was 98.7%. Mean shell hight (8.3 mm), total wet weight (19.2 g), meat wet weight (5.0 g) and shell wet weight (13.6 g) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Water quality parameters including the water temperature ($22.1{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C$), salinity ($24.9{\pm}04$), dissolved oxygen (5.1-7.9 mg/L) and pH ($7.93{\pm}0.15$) were kept stable. Concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrient as ammonia (1.96-0.35 mg/L), nitrite (0.03-0.16 mg/L), nitrate (1.34-0.47 mg/L), DIP (0.42-0.03 mg/L) and silicate (3.83-0.00 mg/L) were significantly decreased throughout experiment except nitrite which was increased (P < 0.05), but nitrogenous components stayed below toxic levels (ammonia 0.0-5.5 mg/L, nitrite 0.0-460.0 mg/L) which indicated that closed recirculation system with microalgae based bio-filter could supply sufficiently environment condition to holding and conditioning of oyster.

키워드

참고문헌

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