Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Effect of Barley, Italian ryegrass and Legume Mixture on Nitrogen Fixation and Transfer to Grasses on Spring Paddy Field using Isotope Dilution and Difference Method

답리작 춘계포장에서 보리 및 이탈리안 라이그라스와 두과의 혼파비율이 동위원소 희석법 및 차이법을 이용한 질소고정 및 이동에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2016.07.12
  • Accepted : 2016.08.17
  • Published : 2016.12.31
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Abstract

In order to study the effect of barley, Italian ryegrass (IRG), and legume mixture on nitrogen fixation and transfer to grasses on spring paddy field, an experiment was carried out from Oct. 2006 to June 2007 in Naju, Korea. A split plot design with three replications was used for the experiment. One reference plot was assigned for each treatment to determine nitrogen fixation. Main plots consisted of Chinese milk vetch, crimson clover, forage pea, and hairy vetch with barley, respectively. Subplot treatment were barley or IRG with four seeding ratio of legumes (50:50, 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20). To estimate N fixation by legumes, $^{15}N$ isotope dilution technique was used. $^{15}N$ fertilizer [$(^{15}NH_4)_2SO_4$ solution at 99.8 atom N] was uniformly applied to $600cm^2$ in the middle of each plot on April 15, 2007. Plots were harvest by hand on June 8, 2007. Dried sample were ground to a fine power and analyzed for total N isotope N. $^{15}N$ was determined using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The calculation of N transfer was determined with the isotope dilution method. The content of N was higher in legumes than that in barley or Italian ryegrass. Nitrogen level in forage pea was significantly higher than that of other legumes. There were significantly differences in N content between legumes in IRG mixture. Atom % $^{15}N$ excess was significantly different in legumes with barley. The 60:40 sub plot had higher (p<0.05) atom % $^{15}N$ than other seeding ratio treatments. The enrichment ranged from 0 to 0.58. Compared to barley, the enrichment of IRG with its accompanied legumes was higher, ranging from 0.38 to 1.0. The N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) ranged from 0% to 49.5% with barley-legume mixture. It ranged from 0 to 60.5% in IRG-legume plots. N transfer from legumes to neighboring grasses was 12.3 to 90.9 kg/ha for barley-legume mixture and 31.7 to 107.8 kg/ha for IRG plots. IRG plots showed higher N transfer for IRG-legume mixture in general based on difference method. Based on $^{15}N$ dilution method, the N transfer was 0 to 36.1 kg/ha for barley-legume mixture and 0 to 50.6 kg/ha for IRG plots. There was a tendency toward higher N transfer on the difference method than that of the $^{15}N$ dilution method.

본 연구는 전남농업기술원 답리작 시험포장에서 2006년과 2007년 사이에 보리와 이탈리안 라이그래스와 각종 두과를 혼파비율을 달리한 처리하여 파종하였다. 주구는 보리 및 이탈리안 라이그래스와 자운영, 크림손클로버, 헤어리벳치, 사료용 완두였고 세구는 화본과와 두과를 각각 50:50, 60:40, 70:30 그리고 80:20이었다. 공중질소 고정량 및 이의 이동을 측정하기 위하여 질소동위원소($^{15}N(NH_4)_2SO_4$)를 2007년 4월 15일 처리 후 쿼드랏 안의 식물체를 6월 8일에 수확하여 화본과 및 두과로 분리한 후 안정성동위원소 질량분석기를 이용하여 분석하였다. 공중질소 고정률은 두과에서 화본과로, 질소이동은 차이법과 동위원소 희석법을 이용하여 구하였다. 본 실험결과의 주요내용은 동위원소 초과는 화본과에서는 차가 없었던 반면 보리와 두과와 혼파비율이 60:40인 처리에서 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 그 값은 보리와 혼파한 두과는 0에서 0.54 범위였다. 이탈리안 라이그래스와 두과 혼파에서는 초과 값이 더 높아 보리에서는 0.71에서 0.82, 두과는 0.37에서 1.01 사이였다. 공중 질소 이용비율은 보리와의 조합은 0%~49.5%, 이탈리안 라이그라스 조합은 0~60.5%의 범위로 다양한 결과를 나타내었다. 차이법에 의한 이동량 시험에서는 보리와의 조합에서 12.3~90.9 kg/ha, 이탈리안 라이그래스 조합에서는 보리보다 더 많아 31.7~107.8 kg 사이였다. 한편 동위원소 희석법에서는 보리와 두과 혼파조합은 0~36.1 kg/ha 그리고 이탈리안 라이그래스와 두과 혼파에서는 0~50.6 kg/ha로 이탈리안 라이그래스 조합이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 차이법에 의한 질소 이동량이 동위원소 희석법보다 더 많은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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