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A Study on the Characteristic of Conversion Efficiency for Three-way Catalyst in Hydrogen-Natural Gas Blend Fueled Engine

수소-천연가스 혼합연료 엔진의 삼원촉매 전환효율 특성 연구

  • Park, Cheol-Woong (Dept. of Environmental System Research Division / Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Yi, Ui-Hyung (Dept. of Environmental System Research Division / Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Gi (Dept. of Environmental System Research Division / Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Lee, Janghee (Dept. of Environmental System Research Division / Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials)
  • 박철웅 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 이의형 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 김창기 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부 그린동력연구실) ;
  • 이장희 (한국기계연구원 환경.에너지기계연구본부 그린동력연구실)
  • Received : 2016.10.16
  • Accepted : 2016.12.13
  • Published : 2016.12.31

Abstract

The conventional natural gas engine realized lean combustion for the improved efficiency. However, in order to cope with exhaust gas regulations enforced gradually, the interest has shifted at the stoichiometric mixture combustion system. The stoichiometric mixture combustion method has the advantage of a three-way catalyst utilization whose purification efficiency is high, but the problem of thermal durability and the fuel economy remains as a challenge. Hydrogen-natural gas blend fuel (HCNG) can increase the rate of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) because the hydrogen increases burning speed and lean flammability limit. The increase in the EGR rate can have a positive impact on heat resistance of the engine due to the decreased combustion temperature, and further can increase the compression ratio for efficient combustion. In this study, to minimize the exhaust emission developed HCNG engine with stoichiometric combustion method, developed three-way catalyst was applied to evaluate the conversion characteristics. The tests were carried out during the steady state and transient operating conditions, and the results were compared for both the conventional and proto-three-way catalyst of HCNG engine for city buses.

천연가스를 이용한 기존 엔진들은 효율이 우수한 희박연소를 구현하였지만 배기가스의 정화성능이 점차 강화되는 배기규제에 대응하기 위해, 이론공연비 연소 방식으로 관심이 옮겨지고 있다. 이론공연비 연소 방식은 유해 배출가스의 정화효율이 높은 삼원촉매를 사용할 수 있는 장점이 있지만, 높은 연소열 발생에 따른 열 내구성 문제와 연비가 해결과제로 남아 있다. 천연가스에 수소를 혼합한 수소-천연가스 혼합연료(HCNG))는 수소의 빠른 연소속도에 의한 영향으로 연소속도가 증가하고, 희박한계가 증가하여 배기가스재순환(Exhaust gas recirculation; EGR) 률의 공급을 증가할 수 있다. EGR률 상승은 연소온도를 낮추게 되어 엔진 열 내구성에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있고, 압축비를 더욱 증가 시킬 수 있어서 효율적인 연소조건을 형성하도록 도움을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 대형 가스엔진을 이용하여 개발한 이론공연비 연소 방식의 HCNG 엔진의 배출가스 저감을 최소화하기 위해, 삼원촉매를 개발 및 적용하여 배기가스 특성을 평가하고 분석하고자 하였다. 현재 상용화된 시내버스용 삼원촉매와 HCNG용으로 개발 중인 시제 삼원촉매를 각각 설치하여 정상상태 운전조건 및 과도운전조건에서 실험을 진행하고 모드실험 결과를 비교하였다.

Keywords

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