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Community Characteristics of Benthic Macroinvertebrate before the Translocation Project of Songchu Valley in Mt. Bukhansan

북한산 송추계곡 이주사업 이전 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집 특성

  • Received : 2015.09.25
  • Accepted : 2016.01.02
  • Published : 2016.02.29

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate and monitor changes in aquatic ecological communities, particularly benthic macroinvertebrates from the upper reaches to the down reaches of Songchu valley before the project of Songchu valley translocation initiates. We aimed to verify the translocation effects of the valley on the aquatic macroinvertebrate communities. A field investigation was conducted over three rounds from November 2012 to August 2013. A total of four sites were selected: one to represent the control site (St. 1), two for the translocation sites (St. 2, 3), and one for the downstream sites (St. 4). Our quantitative sampling revealed that the total number of benthic macroinvertebrates were 3,805, which belong to 62 species, 32 families, 9 orders, 5 classes and 4 phyla. As a result of the community analysis at the control site, dominant index was 0.52(${\pm}0.16$), diversity index was 1.95(${\pm}0.44$), evenness index was 0.81(${\pm}0.04$), and richness index was 2.25(${\pm}0.85$). Thus, the community structure was found to be relatively stable. For the EPT ratio of species and individuals that appeared, the control site showed the highest values at 67.60(${\pm}5.66$)% and 66.30(${\pm}2.06$)% respectively, but its value became lower towards the downstream sites. Upon the statistical analysis of the functional feeding groups, it was found that gathering-collectors and filtering-collectors increased toward the downstream sites while shredders decreased. From the point of habitat-oriented group evaluation, sprawlers decreased and burrows increased toward the downstream sites. According to the analysis using Korea Saprobic Index (KSI), the control site is categorized as grade A with average value at 0.75(${\pm}0.10$). However, the grade gradually falls from A to B toward the lower reaches, as the KSI value increases at the translocation and downstream sites.

본 연구는 향후 송추이주사업으로 인한 수생태계 회복의 효과에 대한 검증을 위하여 사업 전 송추계곡의 상류부터 하류 구간을 대상으로 저서성 대형무척추동물의 정밀 모니터링을 실시하여 송추이주사업 이전의 수생태계 현황 자료를 구축하고자 한다. 현지조사는 2012년 11월부터 2013년 8월까지 총 3회에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하였으며, 조사구간은 대조구간(St. 1), 이주구간(St. 2, 3), 하류구간(St. 4)의 총 4개 지점을 선정하였다. 저서성 대형무척추동물은 총 4문 5강 9목 32과 62종 3,805개체가 출현하였다. 군집분석결과 대조구간에서 우점도 0.52(${\pm}0.16$), 다양도 1.95(${\pm}0.44$), 균등도 0.81(${\pm}0.04$), 풍부도 2.25(${\pm}0.85$)로 나타나 상대적으로 가장 안정된 군집구조를 유지하는 것으로 분석되었다. 출현 종수와 개체수의 EPT-비율은 대조구간에서 각각 67.60(${\pm}5.66$)%, 66.30(${\pm}2.06$)%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 하류구간으로 갈수록 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 기능군분석 결과 섭식기능군은 하류구간으로 갈수록 shredders의 비율은 감소하고 gathering-collectors와 filtering-collectors의 비율은 증가하였으며, 서식기능군은 하류구간으로 갈수록 sprawlers의 비율은 감소하고 burrows의 비율은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 하천오수생물지수(KSI)를 분석한 결과 대조구간은 평균 0.75(${\pm}0.10$)로 A등급으로 나타났으며, 하류구간으로 갈수록 평균 지수값이 증가해 B등급으로 하락하는 것으로 평가되었다.

Keywords

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