말소리와 음성과학 (Phonetics and Speech Sciences)

  • 제8권4호
  • /
  • Pages.31-38
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 2005-8063(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2586-5854(eISSN)
한국음성학회 (Korean Society of Speech Sciences)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Acquisition of prosodic phrasing and edge tones by Korean learners of English

  • 투고 : 2016.11.01
  • 심사 : 2016.12.20
  • 발행 : 2016.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The purpose of the current study was to examine the acquisition of the second language prosody by Korean learners of English. Specifically, this study investigated Korean learners' patterns of prosodic phrasing and their use of edge tones (i.e., phrase accents and boundary tones) in English, and then compared the patterns with those of native English speakers. Eight Korean learners and 8 native speakers of English read 5 different English passages. Both groups' patterns of tones and prosodic phrasing were analyzed using the Mainstream American English Tones and Break Indices (MAE_ToBI) transcription conventions. The results indicated that the Korean learners chunked their speech into prosodic phrases more frequently than the native speakers did. This frequent prosodic phrasing pattern was especially noticeable in sentence-internal prosodic phrases, often where there was no punctuation mark. Tonal analyses revealed that the Korean learners put significantly more High phrase accents (H-) on their sentence-internal intermediate phrase boundaries than the native speakers of English. In addition, compared with the native speakers, the Korean learners used significantly more High boundary tones (both H-H% and L-H%) for the sentence-internal intonational phrases, while they used similar proportion of High boundary tones for the sentence-final intonational phrases. Overall, the results suggested that Korean learners of English successfully acquired the meanings and functions of prosodic phrasing and edge tones in English as well as that they are able to efficiently use these prosodic features to convey their own discourse intention.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Anderson-Hsieh, J., Johnson, R., & Koehler, K., (1992). The relationship between native speaker judgements of nonnative pronunciation and deviance in segmentals, prosody, and syllable structure. Language Learning, 42, 529-555. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1992.tb01043.x
  2. Beckman, M., & Ayers, G. M. (1997). Guidelines for ToBI labelling. Version 3.0, March 1997, The OSU Research Foundation, 3.
  3. Beckman, M., & Hirschberg, J. (1994). The ToBI annotation conventions. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.
  4. Beckman, M., & Pierrehumbert, J. (1986). Intonational structure in Japanese and English. Phonology Yearbook, 3, 5-70.
  5. Beckman, M., Hirschberg, J., & Shattuck-Hufnagel, S. (2005). The Original ToBI System and the evolution of the ToBI framework. In S. Jun (Ed.), Prosodic typology: The phonology of intonation and phrasing (pp. 99-116). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  6. Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2014). Praat: doing phonetics by computer (Version 5.3.66) [Computer Program]. Retrieved from http://www.praat.org/ on March 11, 2014.
  7. Choe, W., & Redford, M. A. (2015). The effect of interpretation bias on the production of disambiguating prosody. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 7, 55-64.
  8. Couper-Kuhlen, E. (2001). Intonation and discourse: Current views from within. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, & H. Hamilton (Eds.), The Handbook of Discourse Analysis (pp. 13-34). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
  9. Du Bois, J. W., Schuetze-Coburn, S., Cumming, S., & Paolino, D. (1993). Outline of discourse transcription. In J. A. Edwards, & M. D. Lampert (Eds.), Talking data: Transcription and coding in discourse research (pp. 45-89). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  10. Frazier, L., Carson, K., & Clifton Jr., C. (2006). Prosodic phrasing is central to language comprehension. TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.04.002
  11. Guion, S. G., Flege, J. E., Liu, S. H., & Yeni-Komshian, G. H. (2000). Age of learning effects on the duration of sentences produced in a second language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 21, 205-228. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400002034
  12. Huang, B. H., & Jun, S.-A. (2011). The effect of age on the acquisition of second language prosody. Language and Speech, 54, 387-414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830911402599
  13. Jun, S.-A. (1998). The accentual phrase in the Korean prosodic hierarchy. Phonology, 15, 189-226. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952675798003571
  14. Jun, S.-A. (2005). Korean intonational phonology and prosodic transcription. In S.-A. Jun (Ed.), Prosodic typology: The phonology of intonation and phrasing (pp. 430-458). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  15. Kang, S., Ahn, H., & Hong, M. (2012). The acquisition of L2 English Focus by Korean learners. The Korean Journal of Language, 37, 1-23.
  16. Kim, O. (2008). Native influence on the production of English intonation. Speech Sciences, 15, 25-36.
  17. Kim, S. (2003). Effects of the L1 intonation on the intonation of Korean English speakers. Journal of the Korean English Education Society, 2, 65-79. (김성아 (2003). 한국어 화자의 영어 억양에 미치는 L1 억양구조의 영향과 억양교육.영어교과교육, 2, 65-79.)
  18. Krivokapic, J. (2007). Prosodic planning: Effects of phrasal length and complexity on pause duration. Journal of Phonetics, 35, 162-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2006.04.001
  19. Lee, J. (2005a). The problem with Korean speakers' L* production in English and their implications for teaching English Intonation. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology, 11, 353-366. (이주경 (2005a). 한국인 학습자의 영어 저성조 피치액센트 발화의 문제점. 음성.음운..형태론 연구, 11, 353-366.)
  20. Lee, J. (2005b). Korean speaker's edge tone patterns of English conjunctive utterances. Speech Sciences, 12, 141-152. (이주경 (2005b). 한국인 학습자의 영어 접속사 발화에 나타난 가장자리성조 패턴. 음성과학, 12, 141-152.)
  21. Lee, J. (2008). An intonational assessment of English communicative competence of Korean college students with the 7th curriculum. Modern English Education, 9, 256-282. (이주경 (2008). 7차 교육과정을 수료한 대학생들의 영어 억양패턴에 나타난 의사소통 능력 평가. 현대영어교육, 9, 256-282.)
  22. Lightbown, P., & Spada, N. M. (2006). How languages are learned. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  23. Munro, M. J., & Derwing, T. M. (1999). Foreign accent, comprehensibility, and intelligibility in the speech of second language learners. Language Learning, 49, 285-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.49.s1.8
  24. Park, S., Skrypiczajko, G., & Kim, K. (2000). A study on the realization of intonational tunes depending on the difference of meaning in English: In comparison of English native speakers with Korean speakers. Speech Sciences, 7, 97-112. (박순복.Greg Skrypiczajko.김기호 (2000). 영어문장의 의미변화에 따른 억양음조 실현양상에 대한 고찰: 영어 모국어 화자와 한국인 화자를 비교하여. 음성과학, 7, 97-112.)
  25. Pierrehumbert, J., & Hirschberg, J. (1990). The meaning of intonational contours in the interpretation of discourse. In P. Cohen, J. Morgan, & M. Pollack (Eds.), Intentions in Communication (pp. 271-311). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  26. Price, P., Ostendorf, M., Shattuck-Hufnagel, S., & Fong, C. (1991). The use of prosody in syntactic disambiguation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 90, 2956-2970. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.401770
  27. Schafer, A. J., & Jun, S.-A. (2001). Effects of focus on prosodic reflections of phrase structure in American English. Paper presented at the Prosody in Processing Workshop, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
  28. Selkirk, E. (1984). Phonology and Syntax: The Relation between Sound and Structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  29. Shattuck-Hufnagel, S., & Turk, A. E. (1996). A prosody tutorial for investigators of auditory sentence processing. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 25, 193-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01708572
  30. Trofimovich, P., & Baker, W. (2006). Learning second language suprasegmentals: Effect of L2 experience on prosody and fluency characteristics of L2 speech. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 28, 1-30.
  31. Ueyama, M., & Jun, S.-A. (1998). Focus realization in Japanese English and Korean English intonation. Japanese and Korean Linguistics, 7, 629-645.