DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

조생종 '한아름' 배 모의유통 전 예건처리 온도가 품질에 미치는 영향

Effect of Temperature Pre-conditioning on Fruit Quality of Early-season 'Hanareum' Pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) during Simulated Marketing

  • Lee, Ug-Yong (Pear Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Oh, Kwang-Suk (Dept. of Horticulture, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Yong-Soo (Dept. of Horticulture, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Sun (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ahn, Young-Jik (Industry-academic Corp. Foundation, PaiChai University) ;
  • Chun, Jong-Pil (Dept. of Horticulture, Chungnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2015.05.19
  • 심사 : 2015.06.22
  • 발행 : 2016.02.29

초록

본 연구에서는 수확 후 예건처리를 통해 '한아름' 배 과실의 상온유통 중 품질 유지를 위한 수확관리 기술을 정립하기 위해 실시하였다. 과실은 만개 후 103일과 110일에 각각 수확하여 세 그룹의 처리 온도(21, 25, $29^{\circ}C$)에서 4일간 예건처리를 실시하였다. 과실의 감모율은 수확시기에 관계없이 예건온도가 낮을수록 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 과실의 경도는 상온 유통기간이 증가함에 따라 모든 처리에서 경도가 감소하는 경향을 보였고 두 수확시기 모두 $21^{\circ}C$ 처리구가 경도유지에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 $21^{\circ}C$에서 예건한 경우, 상온유통 중 외관 품질이 높게 유지되었고 분질장해 등 생리장해의 발생은 낮게 조사되었다. 상온유통 중 에틸렌 발생량은 조기수확과 및 적숙과 모두 비슷한 수준을 보였고 두 수확시기 모두 예건온도가 $21^{\circ}C$인 경우가 25 및 $29^{\circ}C$에 비해 에틸렌 발생량이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 과실의 호흡량은 예건처리 기간 중에는 온도가 높을수록 호흡률이 높아 $29^{\circ}C$ 처리는 $21^{\circ}C$ 처리에 비해 호흡률이 2배 이상 높았고 조기수확과에 비해 적숙과가 호흡률이 높은 것으로 나타났는데 상온 유통기간 중에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 한여름에 수확되는 조생종 '한아름' 배에 있어 수확 후 $21^{\circ}C$ 예건처리는 상온유통 중 과실의 품질 유지를 위한 바람직한 수확 후 처리방법의 하나로 추천할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

The purpose of this study was to establish postharvest management techniques including a temperature pre-conditioning protocol for maintaining fruit quality in newly developed early-season Korean pear cultivar 'Hanareum' (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). The fruits were treated with three different pre-conditioning temperatures (21, 25, or $29^{\circ}C$) for 4 days according to the harvest time (103 or 110 days after full bloom, DAFB). The percent weight loss was relatively low in the fruits subjected to low pre-conditioning temperature regardless of harvest time. The firmness of the fruits treated with pre-conditioning at $21^{\circ}C$ remained high during 20 days of simulated marketing at $25^{\circ}C$, although all treated fruits showed a general decline of firmness with extended time of simulated marketing. These fruits also showed higher appearance and a lower incidence of mealiness disorder symptoms. During the experimental periods, the production of ethylene was lower in the fruits pre-conditioned at $21^{\circ}C$ in comparison with those of treated at 25 and $29^{\circ}C$. High respiration rates were obvious in the fruits pre-conditioned at high temperature ($29^{\circ}C$), especially in the optimum-harvested fruits, where respiration was approximately two times higher than that of fruits exposed to $21^{\circ}C$ during pre-conditioning. However, the respiration rate was similar during simulated marketing at $25^{\circ}C$ regardless of harvest time. These results demonstrated that temperature pre-conditioning at $21^{\circ}C$ is a simple and effective postharvest technique for summer harvested Korean pear cultivars including 'Hanareum'.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bachmann, J. and R. Earles. 2000. Postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables. p. 2-4. ATTRA. Arkansas, USA.
  2. Brosnan T. and D.W. Sun 2001. Precooling techniques and applications for horticultural products: A review. Int. J. Refrig. 24:154-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-7007(00)00017-7
  3. DeLong J.M., R.K. Prange, and P.A. Harrison 2004. The influence of pre-storage delayed cooling on quality and disorder incidence in 'Honeycrisp' apple fruit. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 33:175-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2004.02.009
  4. Dennis C.E. 1984. Effect of storage and distribution conditions on the quality of vegetables. Acta Hortic. 163:85-104.
  5. Eaks J.L., 1978. Ripening, respiration, and ethylene production of 'Hass' Avocado fruits at $20^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 103:576-578.
  6. Getinet H., T. Seyoum, and K. Woldetsadik. 2008. The effect of cultivar, maturity stage and storage environment on quality of tomatoes. J. Food Eng. 87:467-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.12.031
  7. Kader, A.A. 1980. Prevention of ripening in fruits by use of controlled atmosphere. Food Technol. 34:51-54.
  8. Kader, A.A., D. Zagory, E.L. Kerbel, and C.Y. Wang. 1989. Modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 28:1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398909527506
  9. Kim, J.H. 2002. Recent pear cultivation. p. 266-267. Osung books, Seoul, Korea.
  10. Kitamura, T., T. Iwata, T. Fukusima, Y. Furukawa, and T. Ishiguro. 1981. Studies of the maturation-physiology and storage of fruits and vegetables. II. Respiration and ethylene production in reference to species and cultivars of pear fruit. J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 49:608-616. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.49.608
  11. Lee, S.J., S.M. Park, C.S. Jeong, B.X. Ngo, and J.H. Kim. 2002. Changes of fruit quality by storage temperature for marketing during off-season in 'Wonhwang' pear. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 43:716-720
  12. Lee, U.Y., K.S. Oh, B.S. Lim, M.H. Wang, Y.S. Hwang, and J.P. Chun. 2014. Response of early-season Asian pear 'Hanareum' treated with GA4+7 to postharvest application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 32:645-654. https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.2014.14020
  13. Lim, B.S., J.K. Kim, K.C. Gross, Y.S. Hwang, and J.H. Kim. 2005. Gradual Postharvest Cooling Reduces Blackening Disorder in 'Niitaka' Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) Fruits. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46:311-316.
  14. Oh, K.Y., U.Y. Lee, S.J. Moon, Y.O. Kim, H.S. Yook. Y.S. Hwang, and J.P. Chun. 2010. Transportation and distribution temperatures affect fruit quality and physiological disorders in 'Wonhwang' pears. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 28:434-441.
  15. Rab, A., H. Rehman, I. Haq, M. Sajid, K. Nawab, and K. Ali. 2013. Harvest stages and pre-cooling influence the quality and storage life of tomato fruit. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 23:1347-1352.
  16. Reina, L.D., H.P. Fleming, and E.G. Humphries. 1995. Microbial control of cucumber hydro-cooling water with chlorine dioxide. J. Food Prot. 58:541-546. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-58.5.541
  17. Tamura, F., J.P. Chun, K. Tanabe, M. Morimoto, and A. Itai. 2003. Effect of summer-pruning and gibberellin on the watercore development in Japanese pear 'Akibae' fruit. J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 72:372-377. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.72.372