Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Workplace Bullying in Nursing-Consequence Inventory (WPBN-CI)

간호사가 경험하는 직장 내 괴롭힘 결과 측정도구 개발

  • 이윤주 (인천재능대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2015.11.11
  • Accepted : 2016.02.04
  • Published : 2016.02.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study developed an instrument to assess the effects of the bullying of nurses in the workplace and evaluated the developed instrument. A literature review and a field study were conducted to identify the concepts related to the bullying of nurses in the workplace. These attributes served as building blocks to produce a 28-item WPBN-CI. The content validity was used to determine the content and face validities, and the number of instrument items was reduced to 14. The final WPBN-CI instrument was evaluated using the SPSS 18.0 program with the data collected from October 21-28, 2013 from 458 nurses from general hospitals in the metropolitan area. The WPBN-CI consisted of 13 items covering three distinct factors (physical and psychological withdrawal, poor quality of patient care, and increasing distrust), with a total variance of 62.9%. The convergent and determinant validities for the WPBN-CI were 100% and 89.7%, respectively. The known-groups validity was proven through the mean difference in the level of depression. The satisfied criterion validity for the WPBN-CI was more than 0.70. The reliability of the WPBN-CI was demonstrated by its Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of 0.90. The WPBN-CI will identify in advance the results due to the bullying of nurses in the workplace and will help to find solutions to the problem and ensure program effectiveness.

본 연구는 간호사가 경험하는 직장 내 괴롭힘의 영향을 측정하기 위한 도구를 개발하고, 개발된 도구를 검증하려고 하였다. 간호사의 직장 내 괴롭힘 관련 문헌과 간호사 심층면담을 통해 28문항의 직장 내 괴롭힘 결과의 초기문항을 개발하였고, 내용타당도와 안면타당도의 확인과정에서 14개 문항을 도출하였다. 2013년 10월 21일부터 2013년 10월 28일 수도권의 의료기관에 근무하는 경력 6개월 이상의 간호사 458명을 대상으로 도구에 대한 신뢰도와 타당도를 평가하였다. 연구결과인 간호사 직장 내 괴롭힘 결과 측정도구(WPBN-CI)는 신체적 심리적 위축, 간호의 질 저하 및 불신 증가로 구성된 총 13개 문항, 3개 요인이 62.9%를 설명하였고, 수렴타당도 및 판별타당도는 각각 100%, 89.7%이었다. 우울점수가 높은 집단일수록 괴롭힘의 결과점수가 높아 집합타당도가 입증되었고, 우울척도와의 상관관계가 .70이상으로 준거타당도를 보였다. 이 도구의 Cronbach's alpha는 .90이다. 본 도구는 간호사들의 직장 내 괴롭힘으로 인한 결과 를 사전에 파악하고, 이를 통해 조기예방 및 해결방안을 모색하는 데 도움을 제공할 것이다. 또한, 직장 내 괴롭힘을 경험한 대상자들을 위한 프로그램 실시 효과성을 입증하는 도구로 사용가능할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. G. J. Park, Y. N. Kim, "Factors influencing organizational commitment among hospital nurses". The Journal of Korean Nursing Administration Academic Society, 16(3), pp. 250-258, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2010.16.3.250
  2. Hospital Nurses Association. 2012 Actual condition survery report of nurse staffing, 2013. Available From: http://khna.or.kr/web/information/resource.php (accessed Dec., 5, 2015)
  3. Nursing Solutions Inc. National healthcare RN retention report, 2015. Available From: http://www.nsinursingsolutions.com/Files/assets/library/re tention-institute/NationalHealthcareRNRetentionReport2015.pdf. (accessed Dec., 5, 2015)
  4. Health Education England(HEE). Literature review on nurses leaving the NHS, 2014. Available From: http://hee.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/321/2014/05/G rowing-nursing-numbers-Literature-Review-Final.pdf (accessed Dec., 5, 2015)
  5. Y. S. Seo, Y. C. Kim, "A study on factors affecting the turnover intention and job involvement of nurses". Korean Business Education Review, 12, pp. 151-172. 2007.
  6. Wikipedia. Bullying. Available From: https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%B4%EB%A1% AD%ED%9E%98 (accessed Dec., 5, 2015)
  7. S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, C. L. Cooper, The concept of bullying and harassment at work: The European tradition. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.). Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Development in theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). p.3-39. CRC Press. 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/EBK1439804896-3
  8. Y. J. Lee, K. Bernstein, M. Lee, K. M. Nokes, "Bullying in nursing workplace: Applying evidence using a conceptual framework". Nursing Economic$. 32(5), pp. 255-267. 2014.
  9. J. A. Vessey, R. Demarco, R. Difazio, "Bullying harassment and horizontal violence in the nursing workplace: The state of the science". Annual Review of Nursing Research, 28(1), pp. 133-157. 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0739-6686.28.133
  10. M. Hutchinson, D. Jackson, L. Wilkes, M. Vickers, "A new model of bullying in the nursing workplace: Organizational characteristics as critical antecedents". Advances in Nursing Science, 31(2), pp. E60-E71. 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ANS.0000319572.37373.0c
  11. D. Yildirim, "Bullying among nurses and its effects". International Nursing Review, 56(4), pp. 504-511. 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00745.x
  12. B. G. McKenna, N. A. Smith, S. J. Poole, J. H. Coverdale, "Horizontal violence: Experiences of registered nurses in their first year of practice". Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42(1), pp. 90-96. 2003. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02583.x
  13. Y. Lee, "The conceptual development and development of new instruments to measure bullying in nursing workplace". Inha University, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, 2014.
  14. M. R. Lynn, "Determination and qualification of content validity". Nursing Research, 35, pp. 382-385. 1986. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017
  15. B. G. Tabachnick, L. S. Fidell, Using multivariate statistic(3rd ed.). Harper Collins. 1996.
  16. A. T. Beck, Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. Harper & Row Publishers Inc. 1967.
  17. H. M., Hahn, T. H., Yum, Y. W. Shin, K. H. Kim, D. J. Yoon, K. J. Chung, "A Standardization Study of Beck Depression Inventory in Korea". Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 25(3), pp. 487-500. 1986.
  18. S. S. Han, S. C. Lee, SPSS Nursing.Health Statistical Analysis. Hyunmoonsa. 2006.
  19. J. E. Bartlett, M. E. Bartlett, "Workplace bullying: An integrative literature review". Advances in Developing Human Resources, 13(1), pp. 69-84. 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1523422311410651
  20. C. F. Rocker, "Addressing nurse-to-nurse bullying to promote nurse retention". Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(3). 2008. Retrieved from www.cinahl.com/cgibin/refsvc?jid=1331&accno=2010054350
  21. H. Cho, There is a reason why hospitals are well. Haneon Publisher. 2006.
  22. K. H., Lee, S. J. Shin, "Validity of instrument development research in Korean nursing research". Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 43(6), pp. 697-703. 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.6.697
  23. H. Ozturk, S. Sokmen, F. Yilmaz, D. Cilingir, "Measuring mobbing experiences of academic nurses: Development of a mobbing scale". Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 22(9), pp. 435-442. 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00347.x
  24. E. A. Jo, J. Y. Kang, "Influence of workplace bullying and resilience on organizational socialization in new graduate nurses". The Journal of Muscle and Joint Health, 22(2), pp. 78-86. 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5953/JMJH.2015.22.2.78
  25. M. R. Han, J. A. Gu, I. Y. Yoo, "Influence of workplace bullying and leader-member exchange on turnover intention among nurses". The Journal of Korean Nursing Administration Academic Society, 20(4), pp. 383-393. 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2014.20.4.383

Cited by

  1. Moderating effects of Professional Self-concept in Relationship between Workplace Bullying and Nursing Service Quality among Hospital Nurses vol.24, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2018.24.5.375