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인명안전 관점에서 선박 화재 시 급·배기조건에 따른 배연성능 예측평가

Smoke Exhaust Performance Prediction According to Air Supply and Exhaust Conditions for Shipboard Fires from a Human Safety Point of View

  • 김별 (한국해양대학교 대학원) ;
  • 황광일 (한국해양대학교 기계공학부)
  • Kim, Byeol (Graduate school of Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Hwang, Kwang-Il (Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 투고 : 2016.10.06
  • 심사 : 2016.12.28
  • 발행 : 2016.12.31

초록

선박의 기계식 환기시스템은 화재발생 시 연기의 생성과 확산 특성에 영향을 미치고, 이는 피난자의 피난경로 상의 가시도를 방해함으로써 피난자의 연기로 인한 피해를 증가시킬 위험성이 크다. 이에 이 연구에서는 선박 거주구역에서 화재발생 시 기계식 급 배기시스템이 연기확산에 미치는 영향과 위험성에 대하여 FDS를 활용하여 평가하고 화재 시 급 배기시스템을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다. 연구결과 화재가 발생한 장소에 급 배기시스템이 함께 작동되고 있는 경우에는 현재 권장되고 있는 급 배기시스템을 멈추는 방법보다 작동을 유지하는 것이 효과적이고, 배기시스템만 작동되는 곳에서 화재가 발생한 경우에는 화재가 발생한 구역 이외의 구역에서 급기시스템을 함께 작동시키는 것이 피난시간을 확보하는데 효과적인 것으로 예측되었다. 그러나 화재가 발생한 곳에 급기시스템만 있는 경우에는 급기시스템이 연기확산을 가속시키기 때문에 급기방식을 중단시켜 연기의 확산을 최대한 억제할 필요가 있음을 확인하였다.

When a fire occurs on a ship that has mechanical ventilation facilities, the air supply and exhaust systems directly effect smoke diffusion. And there is a high possibility that occupant's visibility will be harmed because of smoke. In this study, the effects and risks of air supply and exhaust systems with regard to smoke diffusion given a shipboard fire analyzed with a Fire Dynamic Simulator(FDS). Suggested measures are also provided for using air supply and exhaust systems more efficiently. The results showed that, when air supply and exhaust systems were both working at the time of a fire, rather than stopping these systems as previously encouraged, continuing to operate both was an effective measure to gain evacuation time. When a fire occurred and the exhaust system was operating, also starting the air supply system near the origin of the fire was another effective approach to gain evacuation time. However, when only the air supply system was operating and a fire occurred, the air supply system accelerated smoke diffusion, so it was necessary to stop the air supply system to detect smoke diffusion as much as possible.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. 선박의 종경사 및 횡경사 변화가 화재 확산에 미치는 영향 예측 vol.42, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5394/kinpr.2018.42.4.283
  2. 딥러닝 기반의 연기 확산거리 예측을 위한 알고리즘 개발 기초연구 vol.27, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2021.27.1.022