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함초 씨의 항균, 항산화 및 항혈전 활성

Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticoagulation Activities of Salicornia europaea seeds

  • Kim, Mi-Sun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Deuk Hoi (Research Center, Phyto Corporation) ;
  • Sohn, Ho-Yong (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University)
  • 투고 : 2016.09.08
  • 심사 : 2016.10.25
  • 발행 : 2016.12.28

초록

함초를 이용한 고부가가치 식의약 소재 개발 연구의 일환으로, 성숙 함초로부터 씨를 회수하고 이의 성분분석 및 유용 생리활성을 평가하였다. 함초 씨의 열수 추출효율은 29.6% 이었으며, 추출물의 total polyphenol (TP) 및 total flavonoid (TF) 함량은 각각 25.7 및 11.5 mg/g을 나타내어 성숙기 함초와 유사한 함량을 보였다. Hexane, ethylacetate (EA), butanol을 이용한 순차적 유기용매 분획물 중 EA 분획이 158.3 및 136.2 mg/g의 가장 높은 TP 및 TF 함량을 보였으며, 특이하게 물 잔류물 및 butanol 분획물보다 높은 총당 함량(228.3 mg/g)을 나타내었다. 함초 씨 시료의 항균 활성 평가 결과, EA 분획에서 그람양성 세균에 대한 광범위한 항세균 활성이 나타났으며, butanol 분획에서도 Staphylococcus epidermidis에 대한 강력한 항균활성을 확인하였다. 한편, 함초 씨 열수 추출물은 우수한 radical 소거능과 환원력을 나타내었으며, 가장 강력한 항산화 활성은 EA 분획에서 나타났다. EA 분획의 DPPH 음이온 소거능, ABTS 양이온 소거능 및 Nitrite 소거능에 대한 $RC_{50}$은 각각 57.0, 29.0 및 $28.9{\mu}g/ml$로 확인되어, vitamin C의 10.7, 4.0 및 $18.0{\mu}g/ml$보다 약하지만 우수한 항산화능을 확인하였다. 항혈전 활성 평가결과, EA 분획은 5 mg/ml 농도에서 thrombin time을 무첨가구에 비해 15배 이상, 7 mg/ml 농도에서 activated partial thromboplastin time을 15배 이상 연장시켜 아스피린에 필적하는 강력한 항응고 활성을 나타내었다. 반면 함초씨 추출물과 분획물(0.25 mg/ml)은 모두 혈소판 응집저해 활성은 나타나지 않았으며, 1 mg/ml 농도까지 인간 적혈구 용혈활성도 나타나지 않았다. 상기의 연구결과는 함초 씨 추출물의 EA 분획의 활성물질을 정제하여 항세균 및 항혈전제 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있다.

This study was designed to develop a functional pharma-food using Salicornia europaea (SE). Tiny seeds from the mature SE were collected, and their biological activities were evaluated. The extraction yield of the seed in hot water was found to be 29.6% and the hot water extract (HWE) contained 25.7 mg/g total polyphenol (TP) and 11.5 mg/g total flavonoid (TF), which are similar to those contained in leaf and stem of SE. Among the subsequent organic solvent fractions, the ethylacetate (EA) fraction exhibited the highest content of TP (158.3 mg/g), TF (136.2 mg/g), and total sugar (228.3 mg/g). The EA fraction exhibited broad-range antibacterial activities against gram-positive bacteria, and the butanol fraction exhibited growth inhibitory effect against only Staphylococcus epidermidis. An antioxidation activity assay of the HWE and its fractions showed the EA fraction to have the highest radical scavenging activity with $RC_{50}$ values of 57.0, 29.0, and $28.9{\mu}g/ml$ against DPPH anion, ABTS cation, and nitrite, respectively. The $RC_{50}$ values of vitamin C against DPPH anion, ABTS cation, and nitrite were 10.7, 4.0, and $18.0{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, indicating that the EA fraction of SE has potent antioxidant compounds. In an anticoagulation assay, the EA fraction exhibited a 15-fold extended thrombin time at 5 mg/ml and activated partial thromboplastin time at 7 mg/ml, which are comparable to the activities of aspirin. The HWE and its fractions had no hemolysis activities against human RBCs at up to 1 mg/ml. These results suggest that the EA fraction from SE has a great potential as a new antibacterial and anticoagulation agent.

키워드

참고문헌

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