Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회지)

Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Biomechanical Effectiveness and Anthropometric Design Aspects of 3-dimensional Contoured Pillow

  • Kim, Jong Hyun (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Usability Evaluation Technology Center) ;
  • Won, Byeong Hee (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Usability Evaluation Technology Center) ;
  • Sim, Woo Sang (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Usability Evaluation Technology Center) ;
  • Jang, Kyung Seok (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Usability Evaluation Technology Center)
  • Received : 2016.08.30
  • Accepted : 2016.09.27
  • Published : 2016.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 dimensional contoured pillow through analyzing contact pressure and to suggest its design guidelines through analyzing the posture of head and neck area. Background: The quality of sleep is a very important factor closely related with human's health. To improve the quality of sleep, the verification of design factors affecting the posture of the head and neck is needed, and a pillow design that can induce proper posture is required. Method: This study measured the contact pressures of the two reference groups (bead and cotton pillows) as a method to evaluate the design effectiveness of the contoured pillow. This study proposed 3-dimensional design guidelines by drawing anthropometry (head length) affecting cervical curvature angle (CCA) through the measurement of the participants' cervical curvature angles. Results: In the design effectiveness evaluation, the contact pressure of cervical region was higher than that of a reference group (cotton pillow), and contract area increased, and contract pressure decreased in the shape distributing the occipital region's body pressure. This study proposed pillow's cervical supporting height by percentile of a head length [head length (%tile) (cervical supporting height) affecting the posture of the head and neck: 14.6cm (5%tile) (6.2cm), 15.5cm (25%tile) (6.7cm), 16.4cm (50%tile) (7.1cm), and 19.3cm (75%tile) (8.9cm)]. Conclusion: This study confirmed the contoured pillow's design effectiveness maintaining cervical angle comfortable to sleep with the shape supporting the cervical vertebrae and by reducing the contact load of the occipital region. Also, this study proposed pillow design guidelines based on the 3-dimensional contoured pillow design effectiveness, through which the study laid the foundation for pillow design in a systematic method. Application: The results of this study are expected to be utilized as the basis data by which the optimum pillow type and pillow design according to main percentile can be standardized.

Keywords

References

  1. Amaranath, S., AQA A-level Psychology PYA4: Function of Sleep, Scribd, http://zh.scribd.com/doc/13916183/AQA-ALevel-Psychology-PYA4-Function-of-Sleep (retrieved April 04, 2015).
  2. Chen, H.L. and Cai, D., "Body dimension measurements for pillow design for Taiwanese", Proceedings of the 18th World Congress on Ergonomics, 41 (pp.1288-1295), Recife. BR., 2012.
  3. Cyriax, J., Textbook of Orthopedic Medicine; 8th ed., Bailliere Tindall, London, 1988.
  4. Erfanian, P., Tenzif, S. and Guerriero, R.C., Assessing effects of a semi-customized experimental cervical pillow on symptomatic adults with chronic neck pain with and without headache, Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 48(1), 20-28, 2004.
  5. Gordon, S.J. and Grimmer-Somers, K., Your Pillow May Not Guarantee a Good Night's Sleep or Symptom-Free Waking, Physiotherapy Canada, 63(1), 183-190, 2011. https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.2010-13
  6. Gordon, S.J., Grimmer-Somers, K. and Trott, P., Pillow use: the behaviour of cervical pain, sleep quality and pillow comfort in side sleepers, Manual Therapy, 14(1), 671-678, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2009.02.006
  7. Gradisar, M., Terrill, G., Johnston, A. and Douglas, P., Adolescent sleep and working memory performance, Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 6(3), 146-154, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2008.00353.x
  8. Isabel C.N. Sacco, Ivye L.R. Pereira, Roberto C. Dinato, Vivian C. Silva, Beatriz Friso, and Samires F. Viterbo, The effect of pillow height on muscle activity of the neck and mid-upper back and patient perception of comfort. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 38(6), pp. 375-381, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2015.06.012
  9. Kim, J.Y. Park, J.S. and Park, D.E., Biomechanical Evaluation of the Neck and Shoulder When Using Pillows with Various Inner Materials, Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 30(2), 339-347, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2011.30.2.339
  10. Lavin, R.A., Pappagallo, M. and Kuhlemeier, K.V., Cervical pain: a comparison of three pillows, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 78(1), 193-198, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90263-X
  11. Lee, H.J., Park, S.J. and Park, G.S., "Development of Quantitative Evaluation of Pillow", Proceedings of the 18th Conference, (pp. 1-5), Jeju. KR., 2000.
  12. Levangie, P.K. and Norkin, C.C., Joint Structure and Function - A Comprehensive Analysis, 4th ed., F. A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, 2005.
  13. Liebenson, C., Rehabilitation of The Spine; 1st ed., Williams and Wilkins, 1996.
  14. Lin, X.L. and Wu, F.G., Pillow shape design to enhance the sleep quality of middle-aged groups, 6th Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics proceeding, pp. 4429-4435, 2015.
  15. Morrissey, M., Duntley, S., Anch, A. and Nonneman, R., Active sleep and its role in the prevention of apoptosis in the developing brain, Medical Hypotheses, 62(6), 876-879, 2004. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2004.01.014
  16. Opp, M.R., Sleeping to fuel the immune system: mammalian sleep and resistance to parasites, BMC Evolutionary Biology Biomed, 9(1), 2009. 1471-2148, 2009. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-8
  17. Schutz, T.C.B., Andersen, M.L. and Tufik, S., The influence of orofacial pain on sleep pattern: a review of theory, animal models and future directions, Sleep Medicine., 10(1), 822-828, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2008.09.018
  18. Turner, T.H., Drummond, S.P.A., Salamat, J.S. and Brown, G.G., Effects of 42hr sleep deprivation on component processes of verbal working memory, Neuropsychology, 21(6), 787-795, 2007. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.6.787
  19. Zager, A., Andersen, M.L., Ruiz, F.S., Antunes, I.B. and Tufik, S., Effects of acute and chronic sleep loss on immune modulation of rats, Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 293(1), 504-509, 2007. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00105.2007