Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Effects of Transition Metal Gallium on the Serum Biochemistry and Erythrocyte Morphology of Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

전이금속 갈륨이 금붕어(Carassius auratus)의 적혈구 및 혈청의 생화학반응에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Dong-Hwi (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Dharaneedharan, Subramanian (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Jang, Young-Hwan (Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute) ;
  • Park, So-Hyun (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Heo, Moon-Soo (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • 김동휘 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 숩라마니안 다라니다란 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 장영환 (제주도특별자치도 해양수산자원연구소) ;
  • 박소현 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 허문수 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과)
  • Received : 2016.07.28
  • Accepted : 2016.09.05
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

Heavy metals such as gallium (Ga) cause serious physiological damage to exposed organisms, mostly of aquatic species. Ga one of the inter-metallic, transition elements increasingly being used in making high-speed semiconductors, such as Ga arsenide. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of Ga on acute toxicity, serum biochemical changes, and erythrocyte morphological changes in the blood stream of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Median lethal concentrations were determined in acute tests. The 96 hr $LC_{50}$ value was 9.15 mg/ml. Goldfish were exposed to different Ga concentrations (2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/ml) for 30 days to assess its toxic effects. The results indicate that the measured serum biochemistry parameters (including glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglyceride) of the Ga-exposed fish groups differed significantly from the untreated fish group. In addition, a change in the erythrocytes' morphology at a high concentration (8.0 mg/ml) of Ga exposure shows respiratory problems. Our results suggest that 2.0 mg/ml is proposed as a biologically safe concentration that can be used for establishing tentative water quality criteria concerning the same-size goldfish.

갈륨은 갈륨비소와 같은 고속 반도체 제작에 사용되는 금속간 화합물 중 하나이다. 본 연구의 목적은 금붕어(Carassius auratus)에 갈륨을 적용 시 일어나는 혈청의 생화학 변수, 급성독성 및 적혈구 형태의 변화에 대해 알아보고자 한다. $LC_{50}$은 96시간 째 갈륨 농도 9.15 mg/ml로 나타났다. 갈륨을 농도별(2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/ml)로 금붕어에 노출시켜 28일 동안 독성실험을 하였다. 독성실험 결과 혈청의 생화학(글루코즈, 혈액요소질소, 크레아티닌, 콜레스테롤 및 중성지질)반응에서 갈륨 미처리 그룹과 다른 결과가 나타났다. 갈륨의 노출에 따른 적혈구의 변형으로 인한 호흡장애를 유발하는 것으로 사료된다. 실험에 사용된 금붕어와의 동일한 크기에 갈륨을 적용할 때 생물학적으로 안전한 농도는 2.0 mg/ml로 사료된다.

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