DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Modeling and Simulation of Electric Vehicle Sharing System for Optimized Operation

전기차 카셰어링 시스템 최적화를 위한 모델링 및 시뮬레이션

  • Seo, Yong Won (College of Business and Economics, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2016.10.27
  • Accepted : 2016.11.07
  • Published : 2016.12.31

Abstract

Electric vehicle car sharing (EV-sharing) system is noted as an eco-friendly system of transportation in global warming crisis and has been practically implemented in some cities around the world. However, methodologies to find the efficient operation conditions of EV-sharing systems reflecting a typical characteristic 'charging' have not been fully investigated yet. In the paper a generalized model has been developed to identify optimal level of infrastructure for EV-sharing system which provides the optimum operation efficiency under service level constraints. From the simulation analysis based on the developed model the relationships between the operational variables to describe EV-sharing system have been identified and optimal capacity to maximize the operational efficiency have been found. From the analysis of simulation results it has been found that increases in the number of vehicles and chargers improve the service level until certain value beyond which increasing rate and the efficiency have been reduced. From the cost-revenue analysis the optimal numbers of vehicles and chargers have been identified which maximizes the annual operational profit.

전기차 카셰어링은 친환경차량인 전기차를 여러 사용자들이 함께 이용함으로써 교통부문의 온실가스 발생량을 감소시키고, 동시에 자가용 증가로 인한 공간 및 환경문제를 해결할 수 있는 방안으로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 아직 도입단계에 불과하기 때문에 전기차 카셰어링 시스템의 효율성이나 사업가능성에 대한 연구나 분석이 필요한 실정이다. 이러한 배경하에 본 연구에서는 전기차 카셰어링 시스템의 운영상태와 결과를 분석이 가능한 모형을 개발하였으며, 현재 실시되고 있는 시범사업 내용을 반영하여 시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 전기차 카셰어링 시스템 운영과 관련된 변수들 사이의 관계와 운영효율을 최대화 할 수 있는 최적용량 등을 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션 분석에서는 차량대수와 충전기수가 증가할수록 서비스 제공율은 계속 증가하다가 일정수준에 도달하면 증가폭과 그 효율이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 카셰어링 시스템 운영에 따른 수익과 비용을 분석하여 연간 운영 이익을 최대화 할 수 있는 최적 차량대수 및 최적 충전기 수를 도출하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cepolina, E. and A. Farina (2012) "A New Shared Vehicle System for Urban Areas", Transportation Research, Part C, 21, 230-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2011.10.005
  2. Correia, G. and A. Antunes (2012) "Optimization Approach to Depot Location and Trip Selection in One-way Carsharing Systems", Transportation Research, Part E, 48, 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2011.06.003
  3. Farkas, C. and L. Prikler (2012) "Stochastic Modelling of EV Charging at Charging Stations, International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality", Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
  4. Fedorcakova, M., J. Sebo and A. Petrikova (2012) "Innovative Application of Inventory Theory for Determining Optimal Fleet Size for a Car-sharing System", 10th IEEE Jubilee International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics, 157-160.
  5. Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (2011) "Development and Pilot test of EV-sharing business model", Proposal of Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program(10041071), Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy
  6. Lu, Jun-Li and Mi-Yen Yeh (2012) "Operating Electric Taxi Fleets: A New Dispatching Strategy with Charging Plans", Electric Vehicle Conference(IEVC), 2012 IEEE International.
  7. Nair, R. and E. Miller-Hooks (2011) "Fleet Management for Vehicle Sharing Operations", Transportation Science, 45(4), 524-540. https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.1100.0347
  8. Seo, Y.W. (2012) "Integrated Model of Inventory and Waiting Time in EV Battery Switching Stations", Journal of Korea Operations Research and Management Science Society, 37(4), 51-65. (서용원 (2012) "배터리 교체식 전기차의 배터리 재고-차량 대기시간 통합모형", 한국경영과학회지, 37(4), 51-65). https://doi.org/10.7737/JKORMS.2012.37.4.051
  9. Shaheen, S. (2012) "Understanding from Shared-Use Mobility Research", 2012 CarSharing Association Annual Conference.
  10. Yudai, H. and K. Osamu (2009) "A Safety Stock Problem in Battery Switch Stations for Electric Vehicles", The Eighth International Symposium on Operations Research and Its Applications, 332-339.