Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Association of food insecurity and depression in Korean adults

한국 성인의 식품안정성과 우울증 연관성

  • Lee, Kowoon (Department of Nursing, Suwon Women's University) ;
  • Yoo, Hye-Sook (Department of Nursing, Suwon Women's University)
  • 이고운 (수원여자대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 유혜숙 (수원여자대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2015.11.19
  • Accepted : 2016.01.05
  • Published : 2016.01.31
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Abstract

Food insecurity is associated with poor health outcomes. In particular, previous studies marked the adverse outcomes on mental health. This study examined the association of food insecurity and mental health in Korean adults using the data from the 2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The study population was 5,685 adults in Korea. Food insecurity was examined using 18-items. A diagnosis of depression was considered to be depression. Depressive symptoms were defined as more than 2 weeks of depression feelings. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the associations between food insecurity and depression and depressive symptom. The overall prevalence of depression was 3.8% in the participants. Food insecurity was associated significantly with depression and depressive symptom in the unadjusted and age and sex adjusted model. Food insecurity was associated with depression, depressive symptoms in the multivariate logistic regression model (OR:3.49, OR:3.70). Marginal food insecurity was not associated with depression in the multivariate logistic regression model. The results showed that food insecurity is associated with depression and depressive symptoms in adults. Multi-disciplinary interventions are needed including nutrition, health, health policy, and a healthy environment for the food insecurity group to achieve a better health outcome, especially mental health.

식품 불안정성(Food insecurity)은 불건강과 연관성이 있다. 특히 식품 불안정성은 우울증, 우울감 등 정신건강의 문제를 야기한다고 알려져 왔다. 본 연구는 대한민국 성인의 식품 불안정성 상태를 파악하고 식품 안정성 구분에 따른 정신건강과의 연관성에 대해 알아보는 것이 그 목적이다. 연구 대상자는 2013년 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 성인 5,685명을 대상으로 하였다. 결과변수로 우울감과 우울증을 선정하였으며 우울감은 최근 1년 내 2주 이상 우울감이 있는 경우로 정의하였고 우울증은 평생 우울증 진단 여부로 정의하였다. 빈도, 평균 값을 산출하였고, 다변량 로지스틱회귀분석을 사용하여 식품불안정성과 우울감, 우울증의 관련성을 파악하였다. 연구 결과 식품 불안정성은 고 연령, 사회경제적 수준이 낮은 집단에서 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였다. 전체 대상자의 3.8%가 우울증, 11.3%가 우울감을 호소하였다. 식품 불안정성은 비 보정모델, 성-연령 보정 모델에서 우울감, 우울증을 유의하게 증가하였다. 혼란변수를 보정한 최종 모델에서 식품 불안정성 그룹은 식품 안정성을 확보한 그룹에 비하여 우울증이 3.49배, 우울감이 3.7배 증가하였다. 식품 불안정성 초기 그룹은 최종 모델에서 우울감에서만 1.69배 증가 결과를 보였다. 연구 결과 한국 성인의 식품 불안정성과 우울감, 우울증의 유의한 증가를 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 식품불안정성을 감소시키고 이로 인한 불건강을 해소하기 위하여 중재프로그램을 실시할 때 영양, 건강프로그램의 단순 접근이 아니라 영양, 건강증진팀 및 식품의 안정적 수급을 위한 정책적 지원까지 다학제적 접근이 반드시 필요하다.

Keywords

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