DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimization of Curing Regimes for Precast Prestressed Members with Early-Strength Concrete

  • Lee, Songhee (Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Nguyen, Ngocchien (Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Le, Thi Suong (Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Chadon (School of Architecture and Building Science, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2016.03.15
  • Accepted : 2016.05.24
  • Published : 2016.09.30

Abstract

Early-strength-concrete (ESC) made of Type I cement with a high Blaine value of $500m^2/kg$ reaches approximately 60 % of its compressive strength in 1 day at ambient temperature. Based on the 210 compressive test results, a generalized rateconstant material model was presented to predict the development of compressive strengths of ESC at different equivalent ages (9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 100 and 168 h) and maximum temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50 and $60^{\circ}C$) for design compressive strengths of 30, 40 and 50 MPa. The developed material model was used to find optimum curing regimes for precast prestressed members with ESC. The results indicated that depending on design compressive strength, conservatively 25-40 % savings could be realized for a total curing duration of 18 h with the maximum temperature of $60^{\circ}C$, compared with those observed in a typical curing regime for concrete with Type I cement.

Keywords

References

  1. AASHTO 2004. (2004). A policy on geometric design of highways and streets.
  2. Abdel-Jawad, Y. A. (2006). Estimating concrete strength using a modified maturity model. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, UK, Construction Materials (pp. 33-37).
  3. ACI 517.2-2R-87. (1992). Accelerated curing of concrete at atmospheric pressure-state of the Art, ACI manual of concrete.
  4. ACI 318-11. (2011). Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, ACI manual of concrete.
  5. Alexander, K. M., & Taplin, J. H. (1962). Concrete strength, paste strength, cement hydration and the maturity rule. Australian Journal of Applied Science, 13, 277-284.
  6. Alexanderson, J. (1972). Strength losses in heat cured concrete, Swedish Cement Concrete. In Institute Proceedings.
  7. Arrhenius, S. (1889).Uber die reaktionsgeschwindigkeit bei der inversion von rohrzucker durch sauren. Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie, 4, 226-248.
  8. ASTM C1074-04. (2004). Standard practice for estimating concrete strength by the maturity method.
  9. ASTM C143/C143M-10. (2010). Standard test method for slump of hydraulic-cement concrete.
  10. ASTM C231/231M-14. (2014) Standard test method for air content of freshly mixed concrete by the pressure method.
  11. Bernhardt, C. J. (1956). Hardening of concrete at different temperatures. In RILEM symposium on winter concreting, copenhagen, Danish, Institute for Building Research, Session B-II.
  12. Carino, N. J. (1991). The maturity method. In V. M. Malhotra & N. J. Carino (Eds.), Handbook on nondestructive testing of concrete. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  13. Carino, N. J., & Lew, H. S. (1981). Temperature effects on the strength-maturity relations of mortars. ACI Journal Proceedings, 80, 177-182.
  14. Erdogdu, S., & Kurbetci, S. (1998). Optimum heat treatment cycle for cements of different type and composition. Cement and Concrete Research, 28, 1595-1604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00134-3
  15. Freiesleben, H. B., & Pedersen, E. J. (1977). Maturity computer for controlled curing and hardening of concrete. Nordisk Betong, 1, 21-25.
  16. Hanson, J. A. (1963). Optimum steam curing procedure in precasting plants. ACI Journal, 60, 75-100.
  17. Hwang, S. D., Khatib, R., Lee, H. K., Lee, S. H., & Khayat, K. H. (2012). Optimization of steam-curing regime for highstrength, self-consolidating concrete for precast, prestressed concrete applications. PCI Journal, 57, 2-16.
  18. Jonasson, J. E., Groth, P. & Hedlund, H. (1995). Modeling of temperature and moisture field in concrete to study early age movements as a basis for stress analysis. In Proceedings of the international RILEM symposium on thermal cracking in concrete at early ages (pp. 45-52).
  19. Kim, J. K., Han, S. H., & Lee, K. W. (2001). Estimation of compressive strength by a new apparent activation energy function. Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 1761-1773.
  20. Kim, J. K., Moon, Y. H., & Eo, S. H. (1998). Compressive strength development of concrete with different curing time and temperature. Cement and Concrete Research, 28, 1761-1773. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00164-1
  21. Kjellsen, K. O., & Detwiler, R. J. (1993). Later-age strength prediction by a modified maturity model. ACI Material Journal, 90, 220-227.
  22. Kjellsen, K. O., Detwiler, R. J., & Gjorv, O. E. (1990). Pore structure of plain cement pastes hydrated at different temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research, 20, 927-933. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(90)90055-3
  23. Kwon, S. H., Jang, K. P., Bang, J. W., Lee, J. H., & Kim, Y. Y. (2014). Prediction of concrete compressive strength considering humidity and temperature in construction of nuclear power plants. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 275, 23-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.04.025
  24. Liao,W. C., Lee, B. J.,&Kang,C.W. (2008).Ahumidity-adjusted maturity function for the early age strength prediction of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composite, 30, 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.02.006
  25. McIntosh, J. D. (1956). The effects of low-temperature curing on the compressive strength of concrete. In RILEM symposium on winter concreting, Copenhagen, Danish, Institute for Building Research, Session BII.
  26. PCA (Portland Cement Association). (2006). Design and control of concrete mixtures. Skokie, IL: PCA.
  27. Poole, J. L. (2006). Modeling temperature sensitivity and heat evolution of concrete, Ph.D. Dissertation of University of Texas at Austin.
  28. Powell, M. J. (1964). An efficient method for finding the minimum of a function of several variables without calculating derivatives. The Computer Journal, 7, 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/7.2.155
  29. Ramezanianpour, A. A. M., Esmaeili, M., Ghahari, S. A., & Najafi, M. H. (2013). Laboratory study on the effect of polypropylene fiber on durability, and physical and mechanical characteristic of concrete for application in sleepers. Construction and Building Materials, 44, 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.076
  30. Sajedi, F., & Razak, H. A. (2011). Effects of curing regimes and cement fineness on the compressive strength of ordinary Portland cement mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 25, 2036-2045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.043
  31. Schindler, A. K. (2004). Effect of temperature on hydration of cementitious materials. ACI Material Journal, 101, 72-81.
  32. Schindler, A. K., & Folliard, K. J. (2005). Heat of hydration models for cementitious materials. ACI Material Journal, 102, 24-33.
  33. Tank, R. C., & Carino, N. J. (1991). Rate constant functions for strength development of concrete. ACI Material Journal, 88, 74-83.
  34. Turkel, S., & Alabas, V. (2005). The effect of excessive steam curing on portland composite cement concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 35, 405-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.07.038
  35. Verbeck, G. J. & Helmuth, R. H. (1968). Structure and physical properties of cement paste. In Proceedings, fifth international symposium on the chemistry of cement (pp. 1-32).
  36. Yang, K. H., Mun, J. S., Kim, D. G., & Cho, M. S. (2016). Comparison of Strength-Maturity Models Accounting for Hydration Heat in Massive Walls. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 10(1), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0128-9
  37. Yi, S. T., Moon, Y. H., & Kim, J. K. (2005). Long-term strength prediction of concrete with curing temperature. Cement and Concrete Research, 35, 1961-1969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.06.010

Cited by

  1. Experimental and Numerical Assessment of the Service Behaviour of an Innovative Long-Span Precast Roof Element vol.11, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-017-0187-6