References
- Andersson S, Holmgren E, Roos A. Analgesic effects of peripheral conditioning stimulation-II. Importance of certain stimulation parameters. Acupunct Electrother Res. 1977;2(3-4):237-46. https://doi.org/10.3727/036012977817553385
-
Beaudry H, Dubois DGL. Activation of spinal
$\mu$ -and${\delta}$ -opioid receptors potently inhibits substance P release induced by peripheral noxious stimuli. J Neurosci. 2011;31(37):13068-77. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1817-11.2011 - Duggan A, Hall JP. Enkephalins and dorsal horn neurones of the cat: effects on responses to noxious and innocuous skin stimuli. Br J Pharmacol. 1977;61(3):399-408. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1977.tb08432.x
- Eriksson MB, Sjolund BH, Sundbarg G. Pain relief from peripheral conditioning stimulation in patients with chronic facial pain. J Neurosurg. 1984;61(1):149-55. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1984.61.1.0149
- Garrison DW, Foreman RD. Decreased activity of spontaneous and noxiously evoked dorsal horn cells during transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Pain. 1994;58(3):309-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(94)90124-4
- Han J, Chen X, Sun S, et al. Effect of low-and high-frequency TENS on Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe and dynorphin A immunoreactivity in human lumbar CSF. Pain. 1991;47(3):295-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(91)90218-M
- Hinman RS, Bennell KL, Metcalf BR, et al. Delayed onset of quadriceps activity and altered knee joint kinematics during stair stepping in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(8):1080-6. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2002.33068
- Hinton R, Moody RL, Davis AW, et al. Osteoarthritis: diagnosis and therapeutic considerations. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(5):841-8.
- Hossaini M, Duraku LS, Kohli SK, et al. Spinal distribution of c-Fos activated neurons expressing enkephalin in acute and chronic pain models. Brain Res. 2014;1543:83-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2013.10.044
- Imamura M, Imamura ST, Kaziyama HH, et al. Impact of nervous system hyperalgesia on pain, disability, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a controlled analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2008;59(10):1424-31. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.24120
- Jekal SJ, Kwon PS, Kim JK, et al. Effect of 840 nm Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Irradiation on Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2014;9(2):151-9. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2014.9.2.151
- Jensen H, Zesler R, Christensen T. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TNS) for painful osteoarthrosis of the knee. Int J Rehabil Res. 1991;14(4):356-58. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004356-199112000-00013
- King EW, Sluka KA. The effect of varying frequency and intensity of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on secondary mechanical hyperalgesia in an animal model of inflammation. J Pain. 2001;2(2):128-33. https://doi.org/10.1054/jpai.2001.19963
- Klein T, Magerl W, Hopf HC, et al. Perceptual correlates of nociceptive long-term potentiation and long-term depression in humans. J Neurosci. 2004;24(4):964-71. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1222-03.2004
- Law P, Cheing G. Optimal stimulation frequency of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on people with knee osteoarthritis. J Rehabil Med. 2004;36(5):220-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/16501970410029834
- Lee KH, Chung JM, Willis Jr WD. Inhibition of primate spinothalamic tract cells by TENS. J Neurosurg. 1985;62(2):276-87. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.62.2.0276
- Lee SH, Song CH. The Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on the Neuropathic Pain in Peripheral Nerve Injury. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2013;8(1):79-89. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2013.8.1.079
- Prita G, Kathleen AS. Effect of varying frequency, intensity, and pluse duration of transcutaneous electrical nerve simulation on primary hyperalgesia in inflamed rats. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81:984-90. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2000.5576
- Schadrack J, Neto F, Ableitner A, et al. Metabolic activity changes in the rat spinal cord during adjuvant monoarthritis. Neuroscience. 1999;94(2):595-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00186-4
- Sluka K, Bailey K, Bogush J, et al. Treatment with either high or low frequency TENS reduces the secondary hyperalgesia observed after injection of kaolin and carrageenan into the knee joint. Pain. 1998;77(1):97-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00090-6
-
Wang HB, Zhao B, Zhong YQ, et al. Coexpression of
${\delta}$ -and$\mu$ -opioid receptors in nociceptive sensory neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(29):13117-22. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008382107 - Willer JC, Roby A, Boulu P, et al. Comparative effects of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous nerve stimulation on the human blink reflex. Pain. 1982;14(3):267-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(82)90133-6
- Willis Jr WD, Coggeshall RE. Sensory Mechanisms of the Spinal Cord: Volume 1 Primary Afferent Neurons and the Spinal Dorsal Horn. Texas. The University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston. 2012.
- XiaoHong C, SuFong G, ChungGwo C, et al. Optimal conditions for eliciting maximal electroacupuncture analgesia with dense-and-disperse mode stimulation. Am J Acupunct. 1994;22(1):47-53.
Cited by
- Effects of Multipath Electrical Stimulation on the Functional Recovery of Early Stage Patients of Total Knee Arthroplasty vol.13, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2018.13.1.107