Reliability and Responsiveness of the Korean Version of the Trunk Impairment Scale for Stroke Patients

  • Ko, Jooyeon (Department of Physical Therapy, Daegu Health College) ;
  • You, Youngyoul (Rehabilitation Therapy Center, Bronco Memorial Hospital)
  • 투고 : 2015.07.23
  • 심사 : 2015.08.18
  • 발행 : 2015.08.25

초록

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop the Korean version of the trunk impairment scale (K-TIS) and to examine reliability and responsiveness of the K-TIS in patients with stroke. Methods Subjects of the study were 51 stroke patients (mean age: 57.78 years) recruited from two stroke clinics. For the interrater and test-retest reliability, two raters measured the K-TIS two times using video clips with an interval of 2 weeks. For the responsiveness, intensive physical therapy training was provided to all participants 2 times a day for one month or three months depending on the onset of the stroke and the admission rules of the two clinics. Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the K-TIS three subscales (static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and coordination) scores and total scores were examined using intra-correlation coefficient ($ICC_{3,1}$) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). To examine responsiveness, the minimally important difference (MID) was calculated with effect size. Results: Inter-rater reliability of the K-TIS subscales and total scores were all high (ICC3,1=0.920-0.983 and r=0.924-0.984). For the test-retest reliability, $ICC_{3,1}$=0.805-0.901 and r=0.806-0.903, and the MID for acute and post-acute as well as chronic stroke patients remained in the mean change range. Conclusion: It is suggested that the K-TIS might be used for clinical and research purposes as a standardized tool for stroke patients. In addition, it can also be useful in establishment of treatment goal(s) and planning treatment program(s) for patients with stroke.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44(7):2064-89. https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca
  2. National Statistical Office. Annual report on the cause of death statistics. 2009.
  3. Meijer R, Ihnenfeldt DS, de Groot IJ et al. Prognostic factors for ambulation and activities of daily living in the subacute phase after stroke. A systematic review of literature. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17(2):119-29. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215503cr585oa
  4. Meijer R, Ihnenfeldt DS, van Limbeek J et al. Prognostic factors in the subacute phase after six months to one year. A systematic review of literature. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17(5):512-20. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215503cr644oa
  5. Winzeler-Mercay U, Mudie H. The nature of the effects of stroke on trunk flexor and extensor muscles during work and at rest. Disabil Rehabil. 2002;24(17):875-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280210142220
  6. Karatas M, Cetin N, Bayramoglu M et al. Trunk muscle strength in relation to balance and functional disability in unihemispheric stroke patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;83(2):81-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PHM.0000107486.99756.C7
  7. Verheyden G, Nieuwboer A, De wit L et al. Trunk performance after stroke: an eye catching predictor of functional outcome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(7):694-98. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2006.101642
  8. Yang DJ, Park SK, Kang JI et al. Effects of changes in postural alignment on foot pressure and balance of patients with stroke. J Kor Phys Ther. 2014;26(4):226-33.
  9. Monaco MD, Trocco M, Monarco RD et al. The relationship between initial trunk control or postural balance and inpatient rehabilitation outcome after stroke: a prospective comparative study. Clin Rehabil. 2010;24(6):543-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215509353265
  10. Verheyden G, Nieuwboer A, De wit L et al. Time course of trunk, arm, leg, and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2008;22(2):173-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968307305456
  11. World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health. ICF. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2001.
  12. Nieuwboer A, Feys H, De Weedt W et al. Developing a clinical tool to measure sitting balance after stroke: a reliability study. Physiotherapy. 1995;81(8):439-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9406(05)66720-X
  13. Collin C, Wade D. Assessing motor impairment after stroke: a pilot reliability study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53(7):576-79. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.53.7.576
  14. Lincoln N, Leadbitter D. Assessment of motor function in stroke patients. Physiotherapy. 1979;65(2):48-51.
  15. Gowland CA. Staging motor impairment after stroke. Stroke. 1990;21(9 Suppl):II 19-21.
  16. Verheyden G, Nieuwboer A, Mertin J et al. The trunk impairment scale: a new tool to measure motor impairment of the trunk after stroke. Clin Rehabil. 2004;18(3):326-34. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215504cr733oa
  17. Tyson SF, Connell LA. How to measure balance in clinical practice. A systematic review of the psychometrics and clinical utility of measure of balance activity for neurological conditions. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23(9):824-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215509335018
  18. Kim TJ, Seo KM, Kim DK et al. The relationship between initial trunk performances and functional prognosis in patients with stroke. Ann Rehabil Med. 2015;39(1):66-73. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2015.39.1.66
  19. Verheyden G, Kersten P. Investigating the internal validity of the trunk impairment scale using rasch analysis: the TIS 2.0 Disability and Rehabiliation. 2010;32(25):2127-37. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2010.483038
  20. Jeong DH. Reliability and Validity of the CAP for Computer Access Assessment of Persons with Physical Disabilities. J Kor Phys Ther. 2015;27(1):30-7. https://doi.org/10.18857/jkpt.2015.27.1.30
  21. Kim DY, Choi JD, Ki KI. A reliability study of sit-to-walk for dynamic balance assessment in stroke patient. J Kor Phys Ther. 2013;25(5):303-10.
  22. Chang WN, Lee KB, Yeom JW et al. Analysis of Intrarater and Interrater Reliability of Trunk Repositioning Error Test using a Portable Digital Inclinometer. J Kor Phys Ther. 2013;25(4):210-6.
  23. Lee IH. Reliability of Visual Gait Analysis according to Clinical Experience Level of Physical Therapists. J Kor Phys Ther. 2013;25(4):174-9.
  24. Watkins MO, Portney LG. Foundations of clinical research: applications to practice. East Norwalk: Conn Appleton and Lange. 1993:53-67.
  25. Adair B, Said CM, Rodda J et al. Psychometric properties of functional mobility tools in hereditary spastic paraplegia and other childhood neurological conditions. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(7):596-605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04284.x
  26. Yoo SH, Ha HK, Lee HJ. Korean Cultural Adaptation of Working Alliance Inventory and Its Reliability. J Kor Phys Ther. 2014;26(2):90-6.
  27. Kim HS, Her JG, Ko JY et al. Reliability, concurrent validity, and responsiveness of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) for hemiplegic patients. J Phys Ther. Sci. 2012;24(9):893-9. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.24.893
  28. Giraudeau B, Ravaud P, Chastang C. Importance of reproducibility in responsiveness issues. Biometrical J. 1998;40(6):685-701. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(199810)40:6<685::AID-BIMJ685>3.0.CO;2-8
  29. Harley SM, Fragara-Pinkham MA. Interpreting change scores of tests and measures used in Physical Therapy. Phys Ther. 2006;86(5):735-43.
  30. Langhorne P, Coupar F, Pollock A. Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8(8):741-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70150-4