한국지반공학회논문집 (Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society)

한국지반공학회 (Korean Geotechnical Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

철도 옹벽 표준도의 신뢰도수준 및 LRFD 적용성 평가

Estimation of Reliability Level and Applicability of LRFD Based on Standard Drawings of Railway Cantilever Retaining Walls

  • 투고 : 2015.09.07
  • 심사 : 2015.10.02
  • 발행 : 2015.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

최근 지반공학 분야에서는 깊은기초와 얕은기초에 관한 한계상태설계법에 관한 연구가 선행되고 있으며, 옹벽구조물에 관한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 철도 옹벽의 한계상태설계법을 도입하기 위한 기초 연구로써 옹벽 표준도의 파괴모드별 신뢰도지수가 목표신뢰도지수를 만족하는지를 평가하였으며, 옹벽 표준도에 대한 하중저항계수 설계를 수행함으로써 한계상태설계법의 적용성을 분석하였다. 철도 옹벽 표준도의 일부는 활동 및 지지력파괴에 대한 신뢰도지수가 목표신뢰도지수에 미달하며, 하중저항계수설계법에 의한 한계상태를 만족하지 못하여 한계상태설계 도입 시 철도 옹벽 표준도의 수정이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다.

Recently, geotechnical engineering researches have been conducted on the Limit State Design (LSD) for deep and shallow foundations; however, there are very few studies on the retaining wall. As a basic study for the introduction of the LSD of a railway retaining wall, this study evaluates whether the reliability index satisfies the target reliability index for each failure mode in the standard drawing of the retaining wall. It also analyzes the feasibility of the LSD method by using the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) for the standard drawing of a retaining wall. In a portion of the standard drawing of the railway retaining wall, the reliability indices of the sliding and bearing capacity failure modes did not satisfy the target reliability index, and could not satisfy the limit state by the LRFD. Hence, the standard drawing of the railway retaining wall will need to be revised if the LSD is to be applied.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. AASHTO (2010), AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Fifth Edition, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C.
  2. Allen, T. M., Christopher, B. R., Elias, V., and DiMaggio, J. (2001), Development of the Simplified Method for Internal Stability of Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) Walls, Washington State Department of Transportation, Report WA-RD 513, p.108.
  3. Baecher, G. B. (1987), Geotechnical Risk Analysis User's Guide, Federal Highway Administration, Report No. FHWA/RD-87-011, McLean, VA.
  4. Barker, R. M., Duncan, J. M., Rojiani, K. B., Ooi, P. S. K., Tan, C. K., and Kim, S. G. (1991), NCHRP Report 343: Manuals for the Design of Bridge Foundations, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC.
  5. Basha, B. and Babu, G. (2014), "Reliability-Based Load Resistance Factor Design Approach for External Seismic Stability of Reinforced Soil Walls", Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol.60, pp.8-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.01.013
  6. Castillo, E., Minguez, R., Teran, A. R., and Fernandez-Canteli, A. (2004), "Design and Sensitivity Analysis using the Probability- Safety-Factor Method. An Application to Retaining Walls", Structural Safety, Vol.26, pp.159-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(03)00039-0
  7. D'Appolonia (1999), Developing New AASHTO LRFD Specification for Retaining Walls, Final Report, NCHRP Project 20-7, Task 88, Ground Technology, Inc., Monroeville, PA. p.50.
  8. Duncan (2000), "Factors of Safety and Reliability in Geotechnical Engineering", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.126, No.4, pp.307-316. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:4(307)
  9. Ellingwood, B., Galambos, T. V., MacGregor, J. G., and Cornell, C. A. (1980), Development of a Probability Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58, NBS Special Publication 577, Washington, DC: National Bureau of Standards.
  10. Fenton, G. A., Griffiths, D. V., and Williams, M. B. (2005), "Reliability of Traditional Retaining Wall Design", Geotechnique, Vol.55, No. 1, pp.55-62. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2005.55.1.55
  11. Foye, K. C., Salgado, R., and Scott, B. (2006), "Resistance Factors for Use in Shallow Foundation LRFD", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.132, No.9, pp. 1208-1218. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:9(1208)
  12. Harr, M. (1987), Reliability-Based Design in Civil Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York.
  13. Hoeg, K. and Murarka, R. P. (1974), "Probabilistic Analysis and Design of Retaining Wall", Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol.100, No.3, pp.349-366.
  14. Huang, B. Q. (2010), Numerical Study and Load Resistance Factor Design(LRFD) Calibration for Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls, Ph. D. Thesis, Queen's University, Canada.
  15. Juang, C. H., Liu, Z., and Atamturktur, H. S. (2013), "Reliability- Based Robust Geotechnical Design of Retaining Walls", Sound Geotechnical Reserach to Practice, Proceedings of the 2013 Geo Congress, San Diego, California, pp.514-524.
  16. Jung, C. and Yun, B. (1998), "Reliability and Safety Analysis of Structure System of Retaining Walls", Journal of The Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection, Vol.2, No.3, pp.222-234.
  17. Kim, C., Kim, B., Kim, S., and Lee, J. (2008), "Reliability-Based Design of Shallow Foundations Considering the Probability Distribution Types of Random Variables", Korean Journal of Geotechnical Engineeing, Vol.24, No.1, pp.119-130.
  18. Kim, D. and Salgado, R. (2012), "Load and Resistance Factors for External Stability Checks of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.138, No.3, pp.241-251. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000595
  19. KRNA (2009), Rail Design Standard(Roadbea): Standard Drawings, Korea Rail Network Authority.
  20. KRNA (2014), KR CODE: Sheathing Work, KR C-06020, Korea Rail Network Authority.
  21. Kulicki, J. M., Prucz, A., Clancy, C. M., Mertz, D. R., and Nowak, A. S. (2007), Updating the Calibration Report for the AASHTO LRFD Code, Final Report for NCHRP Project 20-07/186.
  22. Lacasse, S. and Nadim, F. (1996), "Uncertainties in Characterizing Soil Properties", Proceedings of Uncertainty in the Geologic Environment: From Theory to Practice, Vol.1, ASCE, pp.49-75.
  23. Lazarte, C. A. (2011), NCHRP Report 701: Proposed Specifications for LRFD Soil-Nailing Design and Construction, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
  24. Mandali, A. K., Sujith, M. S., and Rao, B. N. (2011), "Reliability Analysis of Couterfort Retaining Walls", Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.11, No.1, pp.42-56.
  25. Meyerhof, G. (1994), "Evolution of Safety Factors and Geotechnical Limit State Design", Second Spencer J. Buchanan Lecture, Texas A&M University, Nov. 4, p.32.
  26. MOLIT (2011), Slope Construction Design Standards, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Korea.
  27. MOLIT (2012), Bridge Design Specification for Highway Bridge (Limit State Design), Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Korea.
  28. MOLIT (2014), Structure Foundation Design Standards Specification, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Korea.
  29. Moon, H. and Ju, K. (2014), "Development of BIM Library for Civil Structures based on Standardized Drawings-Focused on 2D Standard Drawings of the MOLIT", Transactions of the Society of CAD/CAM Engineering, Vol.19, No.1, pp.80-90. https://doi.org/10.7315/CADCAM.2014.080
  30. Nowak, A. S. (1999), NCHRP Report 368: Calibration of LRFD Bridge Design Code, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
  31. Paikowsky, S., Birgission, G., McVay, M., Nguyen, T., Kuo, C., Baecher, G., Ayyub, B., Stenerson, K., O'Mally, K., Chernauskas, L., and O'Neill, M. (2004), NCHRP Report 507: Load and Resistance Factor Design(LRFD) for Deep Foundations, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC.
  32. Paikowsky, S. G., Canniff, M. C., Lesny, K., Kisse, A., Amatya, S., and Muganga, R. (2010), NCHRP Report 651: LRFD Design and Construction of Shallow Foundations for Highway Bridge Structures, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC.
  33. Park, C., Song. Y., and Kim, Y. (1988), "Reliability Analysis of Cantilever Retaining Wall Using Multiple Failure Modes", Journal of Korean Geotechnical Engineering, Vol.4, No.2, pp.15-23.
  34. Park, J. M. (2012), Analysis of LRFD Resistance Factors for Internal Stability of Deep Mixing Improved Ground, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Dongguk, Seoul, Korea.
  35. Phoon, K. K. and Kulhawy, F. H. (1999), "Characterization of Geotechnical Variability", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol.36, No.4, pp.612-624. https://doi.org/10.1139/t99-038
  36. Phoon, K. K. and Kulhawy, F. H. (2002), "EPRI Study on LRFD and MRFD for Transmission Line Structure Foundations", In Foundation Design Codes and Soil Investigation in View of International Harmonization and Performance, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, Netherlands, pp.253-261.
  37. RTRI (1999), Design Standards for Railway Structures and Commentary Earth Structures, Railway Technical Research Institute.
  38. Sim, T. S. (1990), The Reliability Study on the Retaining Wall Allowing a Limit Translation Movement During Earthquake Loading, Ph. D. Thesis, Kyung Hee University.
  39. Song, Y. (1989), A Study on the System Reliability Analysis of Earth Retaining Structures, Ph. D. Thesis, Chungnam National University.
  40. USACE (1997), "Engineering and Design Introduction to Probability and Reliability Methods for Use in Geotechnical Engineering", Department of the Army U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Technical Letter, No. 1110-2-547, September 30.
  41. Zevgolis, I. and Bourdeau, P. L. (2008), "Probabilistic Analysis of the External Stability of MSE Structures using Monte Carlo Simulations", 12th International Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geotechnics(IACMAC), pp.1804-1810.
  42. Zhang, L., Tang, W., and Ng, C. (2001), "Reliability of Axially Loaded Driven Pile Groups", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.127, No.12, pp.1051-1060. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:12(1051)