Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Change of Tree Species and Stand Structure on the Different Thinning Intensities of Larix kaemferi Plantation -In Odaesan National Park-

낙엽송인공림의 간벌강도에 따른 수종 및 임분구조 변화에 관한 연구 - 오대산국립공원 지역 -

  • Received : 2015.03.09
  • Accepted : 2015.06.25
  • Published : 2015.08.30
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Abstract

The artificially grown forests of larch, planted in accordance with the nationwide afforestation policy in the 1970s, are located inside national parks. This study intended to induce a forestation system by which the forests develop into an ecologically healthy and broadleaved ecosystem with broad species diversity. For this, the aspects of natural regeneration of broadleaves from 2010 to 2013 after thinning by density (30%, 50%, and 70%) in 2009 were surveyed using the larch forest in the Woljeong Temple region inside Odaesan National Park. There were no trees that were larger than 2 cm in in diameter at breast height among the trees recently introduced between 2012 and 2013. A significant number of herbs have been introduced to the subsurface alongside young arboreal trees species such as Bumalda bladdernut, Acer triflorum, Cornus controversa etc and shrubs. However, many woody species did not survive the competition with herbs and repeated withering and regeneration. The number of woody species generated within the 30% cutting area was 440 species in 2013 and this figure has been increasing twofold each year. The number of woody plants within the 50% cutting area also showed an upward tendency and most plants did not survive in the competition with herbs and Sasa borealis and withered in only 1 ~ 2 years after generation. Unlike other thinning areas, the 70% cutting area showed 608 broadleaved trees, reflecting a decrease from 748 trees in 2012. This appeared to be attributed to the luxuriance of S. borealis and the sharp increase of fatsia following the inflow of total sunlight to the forest floor. Herbs were hardly generated due to the influence of S. borealis. Regarding the density for thinning at 50% or upper height, the forest treatment division shall maintain a proper density in the course of inducing artificial forestation of larch into natural broadleaved forests considering the luxuriance of sasa borealis and herbs due to the inflow of total sunlight to the forest floor.

1970년대 전국적인 조림정책으로 식재된 낙엽송인공림이 국립공원 내 위치하고 있어 이를 생태적으로 건전하고 종다양성이 풍부한 활엽수림으로 유도하고자 하였다. 이에 오대산국립공원내 월정사지역의 낙엽송림을 대상으로 2009년 밀도별(30%, 50%, 70%) 솎아베기(간벌) 후 2010년부터 2013년까지 활엽수의 천연갱신 양상을 조사하였다. 최근 2012년에서 2013년 사이에 새로이 유입된 흉고직경 2cm 이상의 수목은 없었으며 하층에 상당히 많은 양의 초본이 유입되었으며 이와 더불어 복자기나무, 층층나무, 국수나무, 고추나무 등의 교목성 치수들과 관목류들이 상당수 유입되고 있었다. 그러나 목본류의 많은 개체들이 초본과의 경쟁에서 도태되어 고사하고 새롭게 발생됨을 반복하고 있다. 30% 벌채구내의 치수의 발생량은 2013년 440개체로 매년 2배가량 증가하고 있다. 50% 벌채지 또한 목본류의 개체수는 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 발생 1~2년만에 대부분의 개체들이 초본 및 조릿대와의 경쟁에서 도태되어 고사하고 있다. 70% 벌채지는 타 솎아베기(간벌) 시험구와 달리 2012년의 748개체서 오히려 감소한 608개체의 활엽수가 조사되었다. 이는 임상으로 전광이 유입되면서 조릿대의 번성, 두릅나무의 급격한 증가 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 초본류는 조릿대의 영향으로 거의 발생되지 않았다. 낙엽송인공림의 천연활엽수림으로 유도시 50%이상의 상층의 솎아베기(간벌) 밀도는 임상으로 전광을 유입시킴으로 조릿대와 초본류가 번성할 것을 고려하여 일정 수준 이상의 적정 밀도를 유지한 산림작업이 실시되어야 할 것이다.

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References

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