DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on Optimization of Persimmon Kochujang Jangachi Using Response Surface Methodology

반응표면분석법을 이용한 단감 고추장 장아찌 품질의 최적화 연구

  • Sim, Hye Hyeon (Department of Food & Cooking Science, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Choi, Ok-Ja (Department of Food & Cooking Science, Sunchon National University)
  • 심혜현 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 조리과학과) ;
  • 최옥자 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 조리과학과)
  • Received : 2015.05.15
  • Accepted : 2015.06.29
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum sodium concentration (0~8%), soaking time (4~20 min) and storage time (0~60 day) for preparation of persimmon jangachi with kochujang sauce using response surface methodology. Physicochemical properties (salinity, pH, Hunter's color value, cutting force, and sensory evaluation) of persimmon kochujang jangachi were analyzed during storage at $20^{\circ}C$ for 60 days. When the proximate composition of persimmon was analyzed, moisture content, crude protein content, crude lipid content, and crude ash content were 85.41%, 0.51%, 0.22%, and 0.20%, respectively. For persimmon kochujang jangachi manufactured with different sodium concentrations, soaking times, and storage times, salinity, pH, Hunter's color value of L, a, and b, color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall preference were represented by a quadratic model. Cutting force was represented by a linear model pattern. In conclusion, the optimal formulation for persimmon kochujang jangachi, as assessed by numerical and graphical optimization methods, was a sodium concentration of 6.91%, soaking time of 11.36 minutes, and storage time of 25.18 days.

본 연구에서는 고추장 소스를 주 절임원으로 하여 단감 침지액의 염 농도(0, 2, 4, 6, 8%)와 침지시간(4, 8, 12, 16, 20분)을 달리하여 단감 고추장 장아찌를 제조하였다. $20^{\circ}C$에서 0~60일간 저장하면서 경시적으로 시료를 채취하여 단감과 소스를 분리한 후 단감 고추장 장아찌의 염도, 당도, pH, 색도, 물성 및 관능검사를 측정하였고, 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 단감 고추장 장아찌 최적 제조 조건을 설정하였다. 단감 침지액의 염 농도, 침지시간, 단감 고추장 장아찌의 저장기간을 달리하여 제조한 단감 고추장 장아찌에 대한 분석 결과 염도, 당도, pH, 색도의 L, a, b 값, 관능검사의 색, 향미, 맛, 물성 및 전체적 선호도는 독립변수 간의 교호 작용하는 quadratic model이 선택되었고, 절단력은 linear model 이 선택되었다. 독립변수인 단감 침지액의 염 농도, 침지시간, 단감 고추장 장아찌의 저장기간의 범위 내에서 반응표면 분석에 의해 유의적으로 평가된 각 항목별 최적조건으로 canonical 모형의 수치 최적화를 통하여 설정된 최적조건은 침지액의 농도 6.91%, 침지시간 11.36분, 저장기간 25.18일이 가장 적합한 장아찌 품질 조건으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim OS, Park CS, Ahn CY, Lee MH. 1999. (chestnut, persimmon, jujube, walnut) Fruit trees cultivation. Naeoei Pub., Seoul, Korea. p 194.
  2. Statistics Korea. 2014. A survey on agricultural production. National Statistical Office. http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1ET0292&vw_cd=&list_id=&scrId=&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=K1&path=# (accessed Feb 2015).
  3. Shin DJ, Kim KH, Sung TS, Kim JH, Son GM, Hwang YI. 2000. Physicochemical properties of prepersimmon. Korean J Food & Nutr 13: 440-445.
  4. Lee YM, Lee YJ. 2002. Cultivation techniques of persimmon. Jungang Pub., Seoul, Korea. p 25-32.
  5. Kim GY, Moon HK, Lee SW. 2006. Quality characteristics of sulgidduck prepared by addition of astringent persimmon powder. Korean J Food Preserv 13: 697-702.
  6. Lee HH, Koh BK. 2002. Sensory characteristics of Maejak- gwa with persimmon power. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci 18: 216-224.
  7. Achiwa Y, Hibasami H, Katsuzaki H, Imai K, Komiya T. 1997. Inhibitory effects of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) extract and related polyphenol compounds on growth of human lymphoid leukemia cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 61: 1099-1101. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.61.1099
  8. Heo JC, Chae JH, Lee SH, Lee YR, Moon KD, Chung SK, Lee SH. 2008. Comparison of radical scavenging and immunomodulatory activities exhibited by an aqueous extract of Diospyros kaki Thunb. fruit (persimmon). Korean J Food Preserv 15: 749-753.
  9. George AP, Redpath S. 2008. Health and medicinal benefits of persimmon fruit: a review. Adv Hort Sci 22: 244-249.
  10. Yoo KH, Jeong JM. 2009. Antioxidative and antiallergic effect of persimmon leaf extracts. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 1691-1698. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.12.1691
  11. Park JY, Park EM, Lee MK, Jang JY, Kim MJ, Cho SY. 2000. Effect of persimmon leaves (Diospyros kaki folium) extract on serum and liver lipid concentrations in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29: 537-542.
  12. Kim OK. 2001. Protective effects of extracts of Diospyrus kaki Follium against hepatotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 97-101.
  13. Song HS, Lee HK, Kang MH. 2000. Antimutagenic effects of persimmon leaf tea extract (PLTE) in mice using micronucleus induction (MN) test. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29: 881-887.
  14. RDA. 2011. Food composition table. 8th revision. Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea. p 202-203.
  15. Hwang SJ, Kim JY, Eun JB. 2011. Physical characteristics and changes in functional components of gochujang with different amounts of sweet persimmon powder. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 1668-1674. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.12.1668
  16. Lee SJ, Ryu JH, Kim RJ, Lee HJ, Sung NJ. 2010. Effect of removed peel from sweet persimmon on nutritional ingredients and antioxidant activities. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 1495-1502. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.10.1495
  17. Im CY, Jeong ST, Choi HS, Choi JH, Yeo SH, Kang WW. 2012. Characteristics of Gammakgeolli added with processed forms of persimmon. Korean J Food Preserv 19: 159-166. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.1.159
  18. Oh WG, Kim JH, Lee SC. 2011. Preparation and characterization of white bread with sweet persimmon. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 253-258. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.2.253
  19. Cho YS, Cha J, Kwon OC, Ok M, Shin SR. 2003. Preparation of yogurt supplemented with sweet persimmon powder and quality characteristics. Korean J Food Preserv 10: 175-181.
  20. Cho KM, Lee JB, Kahng GG, Seo WT. 2006. A study on the making of sweet persimmon (Diospyros kaki, T) wine. Korean J Food Sci Technol 38: 785-792.
  21. Lee DW, Lee SC, Cho JL, Kim JM. 2011. Preparation and characteristics of steak sauces containing sweet and soft persimmons. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 1347-1352. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.9.1347
  22. Bae SM, Park KJ, Shin DJ, Hwang YI, Lee SC. 2001. Preparation and characterization of Jochung with sweet persimmons. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 44: 88-91.
  23. Hong JH, Lee GM, Hur SH. 1996. Production of vinegar using deteriorated deastringent persimmons during low temperature storage. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 25: 123-128.
  24. Jeong YJ, Seo KI, Lee GD, Youn KS, Kang MJ, Kim KS. 1998. Monitoring for the fermentation conditions of sweet persimmon vinegar using surface methodology. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 8: 57-65.
  25. Chung D, Chung HJ. 1995. Associated microorganisms and chemical composition of persimmon pickles. Korean J Dietary Culture 10: 133-137.
  26. Cha WS, Baek SK, Na KM, Park JH, Oh SL, Lee WY, Chun SS, Choi UK, Cho YJ. 2003. Changes of physicochemical characteristics during the preparation of persimmon pickles. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 46: 317-322.
  27. Kim HY, Chung HJ. 1995. Changes of physicochemical properties during the preparation of persimmon pickles and its optimal preparation conditions. Korean J Food Sci Technol 27: 697-702.
  28. Shin DJ, Kim KH, Son GM, Lee SC, Hwang YI. 2000. Changes of physicochemical properties during preparation of prepersimmon pickles. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29:420-424.
  29. Jeong DY, Kim YS, Jung ST, Shin DH. 2006. Changes in physicochemical characteristics during soaking of persimmon pickles treated with organic acids and sugars. Korean J Food Sci Technol 38: 392-399.
  30. Myers RH. 1971. Response surface methodology. Allyn and Bacon Inc., Boston, MA, USA. p 127-139.
  31. Gontard N, Guilbert S, Cuq JL. 1992. Edible wheat gluten films: influence of the main process variables on film properties using response surface methodology. J Food Sci 57:190-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb05453.x
  32. Kim HO, Choi OK, Shim KH, Sim HH. 2013. Dish of sweet persimmon dried slices and seasoned with red pepper paste, manufacturing method thereof. Korea Patent 10-1292246.
  33. Chae SK, Kang KS, Ma SJ, Bang KW, Oh MH, Oh SH. 2004. Food analysis. Jigu Pub., Paju, Korea. p 460-463.
  34. Lee JM, Lee HR, Nam SM. 2002. Optimization for pretreatment condition according to salt concentration and soaking time in the preparation of perilla Jangachi. Korean J Dietary Culture 17: 70-77.
  35. Jung ST, Lee HY, Park HJ. 1995. The acidity, pH, salt content and sensory scores change in Oyijangachi manufacturing. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24: 606-612.
  36. Gottschalk G. 1986. Bacterial metabolism. 2nd ed. Springer- Verlag Pub., New York, NY, USA. p 210-214.

Cited by

  1. A Study of Consumer Experience Purchasing Pickles and Importance-Performance Analysis Based on the Selection Attributes vol.35, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2019.35.1.81