DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Distribution and Pollution of Heavy metals in Surface sediments from Nakdong River

낙동강 수계 표층 퇴적물의 중금속 분포와 오염도

  • Kim, Shin (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Jueon (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Kwonchul (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Kyuyeol (Copyrights Ministry of Environment, All Rights Reserved) ;
  • Jeon, Hyelyn (Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Yu, Jaejung (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Injung (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Ahn, Jungmin (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 김신 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소) ;
  • 김주언 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소) ;
  • 이권철 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소) ;
  • 이규열 (환경부 낙동강유역환경청) ;
  • 전혜린 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산 연구소) ;
  • 유재정 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소) ;
  • 이인정 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소) ;
  • 안정민 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경 연구소)
  • Received : 2015.02.04
  • Accepted : 2015.07.21
  • Published : 2015.08.31

Abstract

In order to certificate the distribution and pollution of heavy metal of surface sediments in Nakdong River were collected and analyzed for grain size, water content, ignition loss and heavy metal content. Surface sediments mainly composed of sand(avg. 94.6%) and water content and ignition loss were 20.46%, 1.53% on average. Grain size were relatively fine and organic matter content were relatively high in the Hoichun and Sunakdonggang. Most of heavy metal content(Zn > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Hg) in the Deokcheongang and Sunakdonggang were higher than the other streams. The Igeo were non polluted(less than 0) in all streams and the EF were relatively high in the small stream and PLI were non polluted(less than 1). In addition, organic matter, heavy metal content and pollution were highly correlation with grain size. Surface sediments in study area, heavy metal pollution of the Sunakdonggang were relatively high compared to the other stream but these results were not serious pollution that exceed the sediment pollution evaluation standard of river and lake in Korea and pollution levels adversely affected the majority of benthos were not.

Keywords

References

  1. Alloway, B. J., Thornton, I., Smart, G. A., Sherlock, J. C., and Quinn, M. J., 1988, Metal Arailability, Science of the Total Environment, 75, 41-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(88)90159-3
  2. Ahn, J. M., Im, T. H., Lee, K, L., Jung, K. Y., Lee, J. W., Cheon, S. U., and Park, I. H., 2014. A Study on Efficiency of Water Supply through Conjunctive Operation of Reservoris and Multi-function Weir in the Nakdong River, Journal of Korean Societ on Water Environment, 30(2), 138-147 https://doi.org/10.15681/KSWE.2014.30.2.138
  3. Bruland, K. W., Bertine, K., Koide, M. and Golberg, E. D., 1974, History of metal pollution in southern California coastal zone, Environmental Science and Technology, 8, 425-432. https://doi.org/10.1021/es60090a010
  4. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental Protection, 1995, Protocol for the Derivation of Canadian sediment Quality Guidelines for the protection of Aquatic Life, Report CCME, EPA-98E, 1-8.
  5. Dekov, V. M., Komy, Z., Araujo, F., Van Put, A. and Van Grieken, R., 1997, Chemical composition of sediments, suspended matter, river water and ground water of the Nile(Aswan-Sohag traverse), The Science of the Total Environment, 20, 195-210.
  6. Folk, R. L., 1968, Petrology of Sedimentary Rock, Hemphill's, 170.
  7. Horowitz, A. J., 1991, A primer on Sediment-Trace Element Chemistry, Lewis publish, Chelsea, 136.
  8. Kim, J. Y., Eun G. Y. N., Koh Y. K., Youn S. T., Oh K. H. and Kim D. J., 2001, Sedimentary Environments and Geochemical Characters of the Core Sediments Near Naju-Yeongam Area in the Lower Part of the Yeongsan River, Cheonnam, Korea, Journal of Korea Earth Science Society, 22(4), 301-316.
  9. Lee, J. K., Kim, S. G., Song, J. H. and Lee, T. Y., 2010, Evaluation of Organic Compounds and Heavy Metals in Sediments from the Urban Streams in the Busan City, Journal of Korean Geo-environmental society, 11(1), 35-43.
  10. Lee, I. C., Kim, K. H., Ryu, C. R. and Kim, Y. T., 2004, A study on the analysis of behavior of inflowing sediments in Nakdong river Estuary, Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, 218-222.
  11. Ministry of Environment(MOE), 2012. Official Test Methods of Water Quality, Notification No. 2012-99, Ministry of Environment, 1-333. [Korean Literature].
  12. Muller, G., 1979, Schwermetalle in den sediments des Rheins Veranderungen seit 1971, Umschan, 79, 778-783.
  13. National Institude of Environmental Research(NIER), 2008, Result on target water quality monitoring network operation of Nakdong River System in 2008, 11-14 80523-000444-10, Ministry of Environment, 5-14.
  14. National Institude of Environmental Research(NIER), 2011 Baseline Concentrations of Heavy Metals in River Sediments in Korea, Ministry of Environment, 138.
  15. National Institute of Environmental Research(NIER), 2012, Nakdong River Environment Research Center, Diversion Weir Edge Research and management Studies of The Sedimentary Environment, Nakdong River Environment Research Center, 354.
  16. National Institute of Environmental Research(NIER), 2012, Sediment pollution evaluation standard of river and lake, published rulings 575.
  17. Oh, K. H., Kim, J. Y., Koh, Y. K., Youn S. T., Shin S. E., Park, B. Y., Moon, B. C. and Kim H. G., 2003 Geochemical Characteristics and Contamination of Surface sediment in Streams of Gwangju City, Journal of Korea Earth Science Society, 24(4), 346-360.
  18. Ra, K. T., Kim, E. S., Kim, J. K., Kim, K. T., Lee, J. M. and Kim, E. Y., 2013, Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Trace Metals in Core Sediments from the Artificial Lake Shihwa, Korea, Journal of Ocean and Polar Research, 35(2), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2013.35.2.069
  19. Thornton, I., Applied Environmental Geochemistry, 1983, Academic Press, London, 501.
  20. Tomlinson D. L., Wilson J. G., Harris C. R. and Jeffrey D. W., 1980, Problems in the assessment of heavy metals in estuaries and the formation pollution index. Helgoland Mar Res, 33(1-4), 566-575.
  21. USEPA, 1999, Protocol for Developing Sediment TMDLs. EPA841-B-99-004.
  22. Yoon, E. C. and Lee J. S., 2008, Characteristics of Seasonal Variarion to Sedimentary Environment at the Estuary area of the Nakdong, Jornal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers, 20(4), 372-389.