Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (한국결정성장학회지)

The Korea Association of Crystal Growth (한국결정성장학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Processing, structure, and properties of lead-free piezoelectric NBT-BT

  • Mhin, Sungwook (Heat Treatment R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Il (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation) ;
  • Ryu, Jeong Ho (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation)
  • Received : 2015.07.30
  • Accepted : 2015.08.17
  • Published : 2015.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Lead-free piezoelectric materials have been actively studied to substitute for conventional PZT based solid solution, $Pb(Zr_xTi_{1-x}O_3)$, which occurs unavoidable PbO during the sintering process. Among them, Bismuth Sodium Titanate, $Na_{0.5}Bi_{0.5}TiO_3$ (abbreviated as NBT) based solid solution is attracted for the one of excellent candidates which shows the strong ferroelectricity, Curie temperature (Tc), remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec). Especially, the solid solution of rhombohedral phase NBT with tetragonal perovskite phase has a rhombohedral - tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary. Modified NBT with tetragonal perovskite at the region of MPB can be applied for high frequency ultrasonic application because of not only its low permittivity, high electrocoupling factor and high mechanical strength, but also effective piezoelectric activity by poling. In this study, solid state ceramic processing of NBT and modified NBT, $(Na_{0.5}Bi_{0.5})_{0.93}Ba_{0.7}TiO_3$ (abbreviated as NBT-7BT), at the region of MPB using 7 % $BaTiO_3$ as a tetragonal perovskite was introduced and the structure between NBT and NBT-7BT were analyzed using rietveld refinement. Also, the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of NBT-7BT such as permittivity, piezoelectric constant, polarization hysteresis and strain hysteresis loop were compared with those of pure NBT.

Keywords

References

  1. V.T. Tung, N.T. Tinh, T.V. Chuong, N.T.M. Huong, D.A. Tuan and L.V. Truyen, "Investigation the dimensional ratio effect on the resonant properties of piezoelectric ceramic disk", J. Modern Phys. 4 (2013) 1627. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.412202
  2. D. Akai, R. Yoshita and M. Ishida, "(Na, Bi)$TiO_3$ based lead-free ferroelectric thin films on Si substrate for pyroelectric infrared sensors", J. Phys.: Conference Series 433 (2013) 012017-1-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/433/1/012017
  3. M. Cernea, B.S. Vasile, C. Capiani, A. Ioncea and C. Galassi, "Dielectric and piezoelectric behaviors of NBT-$BT_{0.05}$ processed by sol-gel method", J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 32 (2012) 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.07.038
  4. M. Chen, Q. Xu, B.H. Kim, B.K. Ahn and W. Chen, "Effect of $CeO_2$ addition on structure and electrical properties of $(Na_{0.5}Bi_{0.5})_{0.93}Ba_{0.07}TiO_3$ ceramics prepared by citric method", Mater. Res. Bull. 43 (2008) 1420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.06.045
  5. H. Wang, R. Zuo, X. Ji and Z. Xu, "Effects of ball milling on microstructure and electrical properties of sol-gel derived $(Na_{0.5}Bi_{0.5})_{0.94}Ba_{0.06}TiO_3$ piezoelectric ceramics", Mater. Des. 31 (2010) 4403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.04.041
  6. A. Ullah, C.W. Ahn, A. Hussain and I.W. Kim, "The effects of sintering temperatures on dielectric, ferroelectric and electric field-induced strain of lead-free $Bi_{0.5}(Na_{0.78}K_{0.22})_{0.5}TiO_3$ piezoelectric ceramics synthesized by the sol gel technique", Curr. Appl. Phys. 10 (2010) 1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2010.05.004
  7. H. Takahashi, Y. Numamoto, J. Tani, K. Matsuta, J. Qiu and S. Tsurekawa, "Lead-free barium titanate ceramics with large piezoelectric constant fabricated by microwave sintering", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45 (2006) L30-2. https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.45.L30
  8. H.D. Li, C. Feng and W.L. Yao, "Some effects of different additives on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of $(Na_{1/2}Bi_{1/2})TiO_3-BaTiO_3$ morphotropic-phase-boundary composition", Mater. Lett. 58 (2004) 1194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2003.08.034
  9. J. Rodel, W. Jo, K.T.P. Seifert, E. Anton and T. Granzow, "Perspective on the development of lead-free piezoceramics", J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 92 (2009) 1153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03061.x
  10. T. Tanaka, K. Maruyama and K. Sakata, "$(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TiO_3-BaTiO_3$ system for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30 (1991) 2236. https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.30.2236