DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

수박의 꼭지 제거여부에 따른 저장성

Storage characteristics of watermelon before and after removing the T-shaped stalk

  • Kim, Nak-Ku (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Chang, Young-Ho (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Yu, Su-Pil (Haman Agriculture Technology Center) ;
  • Ha, Ki-Jeong (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Je, Hee-Jeong (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Hong, Kwang-Pyo (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Dae (Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 투고 : 2015.02.02
  • 심사 : 2015.04.10
  • 발행 : 2015.04.30

초록

본 연구는 수박유통에 있어 수확시 꼭지를 T 형태로 자르는 관행적 방법과 꼭지를 제거할 경우 저장성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 실험에 사용한 수박의 평균 무게는 7.8 kg이었고 각각 $7^{\circ}C$와 실온에 저장하면서 여러 요인들을 조사하였다. 무게는 저장일수가 길어짐에 따라 감소하였는데 꼭지처리한 수박을 $7^{\circ}C$에서 30일 저장한 경우 그 무게가 0.6~0.7% 감소한 반면 실온에서는 1.9~2% 감소하였으며 동일 온도조건하에서는 꼭지유무에 따른 유의차는 없었다. 경도는 초기 755 g에서 저장일수가 경과함에 따라 점차 감소하였으며 실온에서 저장하였을 경우 542~549 g으로 더 큰 감소폭을 보였으나 같은 온도조건하에서는 꼭지유무에 따른 차이는 없었다. 저장기간 동안 pH, 총산과 내부 수분은 모든 처리에서 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으며, 가용성고형분은 실온에 저장한 것은 초기 평균 $11.3^{\circ}Brix$에서 30일 후에는 $9.3^{\circ}Brix$로, 수박 내부의 적색도는 초기 36.7에서 저장후기에는 처리별로 31.7~33.6으로 감소하였으며, 유리당총량은 저장전 8,133 mg/100 g에서 초기에는 증가하다가 저장기간이 길어질수록 감소하였는데 이들 변화 역시 동일저장조건에서의 꼭지유무에 따른 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 수박을 수확할 때 꼭지를 T 형태로 남긴 것과 제거한 것이 저장성에 미치는 영향은 없으므로 생산, 유통 등을 고려하여 꼭지를 제거하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다.

This study was carried out to compare the storage characteristics of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) before and after removing the T-shaped stalk. For the investigation of the physiochemical properties of the watermelo, the watermelaon was stored at room temperature and $7^{\circ}C$, respectively. The average weight of the watermelon (7.8 kg) decreased by 0.6~0.7% at $7^{\circ}C$ and by 1.9~2% at room temperature during the storage period of 30 days. The hardness of watermelon reduced from 755 g to 542~549 g at room temperature for 30 days. However, the existence of T-shape stalk did not significantly affect on their weight and hardness. In addition, the pH, total acid content, and inner moisture of the watermelon were not significantly changed during the storage periods while the soluble solid at room temperature was significantly decreased from $11.3^{\circ}Brix$ to $9.3^{\circ}Brix$ after 30 days of storage. The internal redness of the watermelon decreased from 36.7 to 31.7~33.6. The total amount of its free sugar was increased from the original amount (8,133 mg/100 g) and then decreased. However, the stalk did not significantly affect on the amount of total free sugar under the same storage condition, too. Thus, there was no significant difference between the results of leaving the T-shaped stalk and removing it after harvesting the watermelon.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. KOSTAT (2014) 2013 Crop production statistics. Statistics Korea, Daejeon-si, Korea, p 68-69
  2. RDA (2011) Standard food composition table. Rural Development Administration, Suwon-si, Korea, p 224
  3. Lee WS (1994) Vegetable of Korea. Kyungpook National University Press, p 189-202
  4. Penelope PV, Collins JK, Pair SD, Roberts W (2001) Lycopene content differs among red-fleshed watermelon cultivars. J Sci Food Agr, 81, 983-987 https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.880
  5. Park HW, Park JD, Cha HS, Kang CY, An DJ (2002) A study on distribution and packaging status of water melon in domestic markets. J Korea Society of Packaging Sci Tech, 8, 11-14
  6. Lee SM (2010) Pallet system of watermelons. The monthly packaging world, 212, 52-57
  7. Park S, Kang SC (2005) Evaluation of physiological changes in watermelon stalk during storage under various conditions of treatments after harvesting, Korean J Environ Agric, 24, 56-60 https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2005.24.1.056
  8. Eun JS, Han SK, Kang NH, Kim HC, Bae JH (2010) Effects of deep tillage before planting on physicochemical properties of soil, growth and fruit characteristics in cultivation of watermelon under plastic film house. J Environ Sci Int, 19, 130-134
  9. Uhm MJ, Noh JJ, Chon HG, Kwon SW, Song YJ (2012) Application effect of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the watermelon growth and soil chemical properties in greenhouse. Korean J Environ Agric, 31, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2012.31.1.1
  10. Moon HC, Kim W, Choi MK, Kwon SH, Shin YK, Kim DH, Hwang CY (2011) Biological control of cotton aphid by Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in watermelon greenhouses. Korean J Appl Entomol, 50, 79-82 https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2011.03.0.011
  11. Kang HJ, Kim YS, Han BT, Kim TI, Noh JW, Kim YG, Shin HD (2014) Alternative fungicide spraying for the control of powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fusca on greenhouse watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Res Plant Dis, 20, 31-36 https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.1.031
  12. Hong SP, Lim JY, Jeong EJ, Shin DH (2008) Physicochemical properties of watermelon according to cultivars. Korean J Food Preserv, 15, 706-710
  13. Heo DJ, Kim SJ, Choi AR, Park HR, Lee SC (2013) Tyrosinase inhibitory activity and neuronal cell protection of hydrothermal extracts from watermelons. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 42, 1707-1711 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.10.1707
  14. Yishan Duan, Kim MA, Kim HS, Jang SH, Kang DS (2014) Screening of antioxidant activity from exocarp of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.). J Env Sci Intern, 23, 1233-1239 https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.23.7.1233
  15. Park CS, Kim ML (2010) Preparation and characterization of watermelon wine. Korean J Food Preserv, 17, 547-554
  16. NFSMI (2011) Watermelon information sheet. National Food Service Management Institute, The University of Mississippi, MS, USA, p 1-2
  17. MFDS (2014) Food Code. Method 9-1. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
  18. AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC Intl. (17th ed), Vol. II, Method 942.15. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gathersburg, Maryland, USA, p 11
  19. Chung MJ, Shin JH, Lee SJ, Hong SK, Kang HJ, Sung NJ (1998) Chemical compounds of wild and cultivated horned rampion, Phyteuma japonicum Miq. Korean J Food Sci Technol, 26, 437-443.
  20. Choi JH, Jang JG, Park KD, Park MH, Oh SK (1981) High performance liquid chromatographic determination of free sugars in Ginseng and its products. Korean J Food Sci Technol, 13, 107-113
  21. NAQS (2014) Agricultural Products Standardization, No. 2081., National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si, Korea
  22. Veazie P, Collins JK (2004) Flesh quality and lycopene stability of fresh-cut watermelon. Postharvest Biol Technol, 31, 159-166 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2003.08.005
  23. Chisholm DN, Picha DH (1986) Effect of storage temperature on sugar and organic acid contents of watermelon. HortSci, 21, 1031-1033
  24. Hwang TY, Son SM, Lee CY, Moon KD (2001) Quality changes of fresh-cut packaged Fuji apples during storage. Korean J Food Sci Technol, 33, 469-473