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Determination and Performance Evaluation of a Codebook for MIMO Systems Utilizing Statistical Properties of The Spatial Channel Model

공간 채널 모델의 통계적 특성을 활용하는 MIMO 시스템의 코드북 결정 및 성능 평가

  • Suh, Junyeub (Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University) ;
  • Kang, Hosik (Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University) ;
  • Sung, Wonjin (Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University)
  • Received : 2015.04.16
  • Accepted : 2015.06.29
  • Published : 2015.07.25

Abstract

For long-term evolution (LTE) MIMO transmission, codebooks are used to utilize the estimated channel information under the limited feedeback environment, and related study has been actively performed. Existing codebooks include codevectos constructed based on vector quantization (VQ) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and the LTE standard specifies codebooks modified from these examples to support up to 8 transmit antennas. As the number of antennas increases and as the spatial channel model is used as a standard environment to evaluate the LTE transmission performance, new beamforming methods as well as codebook designs are needed. In this paper, we implement the 3-dimensional spatial channel model (3D-SCM) to analyze the key statistical characteristics of the generated channel, and present efficient ways of determining corresponding codebooks. In particular, we propose a nonuniform-phase DFT-based codebook to improve the existing uniform-phase DFT-based codebook, and evaluate its performance under the given SCM transmission environment. There exists a strong tendancy in statistical distributions of the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements for the SCM, which can be appropriately exploited in codebook design to produce a performance gain over the existing design.

LTE (long-term evolution) MIMO 시스템에서는 제한된 피드백 환경 하에서 추정된 채널 정보를 활용하기 위한 코드북이 사용되고 있으며, 이와 관련된 연구도 활발히 진행되었다. 기존에 활용된 방식으로는 VQ (vector quantization) 기반 및 DFT(discrete fourier transform) 기반으로 생성된 코드벡터를 활용하는 코드북이 있으며, LTE 표준에서도 이를 변형한 방식을 최대 8개의 송신 안테나에 대해 적용할 수 있게 규정하고 있다. 그러나 안테나 개수가 추가적으로 증가하고, 공간 채널 모델이 LTE 시스템 전송 성능 평가에 기본적인 모델로 활용됨에 따라, 이에 따른 새로운 빔포밍 방안 및 코드북 설계가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 LTE 전송 성능 평가에 활용되는 3차원 공간 채널 모델 (3D Spatial Channel Model; 3D-SCM)의 구현을 통해 생성된 채널의 핵심적인 통계적 특성을 분석하고, 이에 따른 코드북 설계의 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 DFT 기반 코드 북 활용 시, 기존의 균일위상 DFT 코드북을 개선한 비균일위상 DFT 코드북을 제안하고, 주어진 SCM 환경에서 성능을 평가한다. 코드벡터 설계에 필요한 인접한 안테나 원소 간의 위상차의 통계적 특성의 경우 SCM에서 뚜렷한 경향성이 존재하며, 이를 적절히 활용함으로써 기존 방식 대비 이득을 발생시킬 수 있다.

Keywords

References

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