Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society

The Korean Neurosurgical Society (대한신경외과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Cognitive Outcome of Pediatric Moyamoya Disease

  • Shim, Kyu-Won (Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Moyamoya Disease Clinic, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Eun-Kyung (Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Moyamoya Disease Clinic, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Ju-Seong (Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Moyamoya Disease Clinic, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Seok (Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Moyamoya Disease Clinic, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2015.01.27
  • Accepted : 2015.04.09
  • Published : 2015.06.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Quality of life is the current trend and issue for the most of human diseases. In moyamoya disease (MMD), surgical revascularization has been recognized as the possible assistance to reduce the neurological insult. However, the progressive nature of the disease has been invincible so far. To improve the quality of life of MMD patients not only the protection from the neurological insult but also the maintenance or improvement of cognitive function is inevitable. For pediatric MMD patients, younger age or longer duration of disease is the key factor among the prognostic factors for bad neurological outcomes. Hence, 'the earlier, the better' is the most precious rule for treatment. Protection from neurological insult is very critical and foremost important to improve cognitive outcome. Clinicians need to know the neuropsychological profile of MMD patients for the care of whole person and make an effort to protect the patients from neurological insults to maintain or improve it.

Keywords

References

  1. Bowen M, Marks MP, Steinberg GK : Neuropsychological recovery from childhood moyamoya disease. Brain Dev 20 : 119-123, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0387-7604(97)00112-5
  2. Fujimura M, Tominaga T : Lessons learned from moyamoya disease : outcome of direct/indirect revascularization surgery for 150 affected hemispheres. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 52 : 327-332, 2012 https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.52.327
  3. Fukui M : Current state of study on moyamoya disease in Japan. Surg Neurol 47 : 138-143, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-3019(96)00358-8
  4. Fukuyama Y, Umezu R : Clinical and cerebral angiographic evolutions of idiopathic progressive occlusive disease of the circle of Willis ("moyamoya" disease) in children. Brain Dev 7 : 21-37, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0387-7604(85)80055-3
  5. Funaki T, Takahashi JC, Takagi Y, Yoshida K, Araki Y, Kikuchi T, et al. : Impact of posterior cerebral artery involvement on long-term clinical and social outcome of pediatric moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg Pediatr 12 : 626-632, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3171/2013.9.PEDS13111
  6. Guzman R, Lee M, Achrol A, Bell-Stephens T, Kelly M, Do HM, et al. : Clinical outcome after 450 revascularization procedures for moyamoya disease. Clinical article. J Neurosurg 111 : 927-935, 2009 https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.4.JNS081649
  7. Hallemeier CL, Rich KM, Grubb RL Jr, Chicoine MR, Moran CJ, Cross DT 3rd, et al. : Clinical features and outcome in North American adults with moyamoya phenomenon. Stroke 37 : 1490-1496, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000221787.70503.ca
  8. Lezak MD, Howieson DB, Loring DW, Hannay HJ, Fischer JS : Neuropsychology for neuropsychologists, ed 4. New York : Oxford University Press, 2004
  9. Hogan AM, Kirkham FJ, Isaacs EB, Wade AM, Vargha-Khadem F : Intellectual decline in children with moyamoya and sickle cell anaemia. Dev Med Child Neurol 47 : 824-829, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1017/S001216220500174X
  10. Houkin K, Kamiyama H, Takahashi A, Kuroda S, Abe H : Combined revascularization surgery for childhood moyamoya disease : STA-MCA and encephalo-duro-arterio-myo-synangiosis. Childs Nerv Syst 13 : 24-29, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003810050034
  11. Hsu YH, Kuo MF, Hua MS, Yang CC : Selective neuropsychological impairments and related clinical factors in children with moyamoya disease of the transient ischemic attack type. Childs Nerv Syst 30 : 441-447, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-013-2271-9
  12. Huang AP, Liu HM, Lai DM, Yang CC, Tsai YH, Wang KC, et al. : Clinical significance of posterior circulation changes after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 28 : 247-257, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1159/000228254
  13. Imaizumi C, Imaizumi T, Osawa M, Fukuyama Y, Takeshita M : Serial intelligence test scores in pediatric moyamoya disease. Neuropediatrics 30 : 294-299, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-973508
  14. Imaizumi T, Hayashi K, Saito K, Osawa M, Fukuyama Y : Long-term outcomes of pediatric moyamoya disease monitored to adulthood. Pediatr Neurol 18 : 321-325, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-8994(97)00209-9
  15. Ishii R, Takeuchi S, Ibayashi K, Tanaka R : Intelligence in children with moyamoya disease : evaluation after surgical treatments with special reference to changes in cerebral blood flow. Stroke 15 : 873-877, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.15.5.873
  16. Ishikawa T, Houkin K, Kamiyama H, Abe H : Effects of surgical revascularization on outcome of patients with pediatric moyamoya disease. Stroke 28 : 1170-1173, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.28.6.1170
  17. Isobe M, Kuroda S, Kamiyama H, Abe H, Mitumori K : [Cerebral blood flow reactivity to hyperventilation in children with spontaneous occlusion of the circle of willis (moyamoya disease)]. No Shinkei Geka 20 : 399-407, 1992
  18. Iwama T, Hashimoto N, Yonekawa Y : The relevance of hemodynamic factors to perioperative ischemic complications in childhood moyamoya disease. Neurosurgery 38 : 1120-1125; discussion 1125-1126, 1996
  19. Jefferson AL, Glosser G, Detre JA, Sinson G, Liebeskind DS : Neuropsychological and perfusion MR imaging correlates of revascularization in a case of moyamoya syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27 : 98-100, 2006
  20. Karasawa J, Touho H, Ohnishi H, Miyamoto S, Kikuchi H : Long-term follow-up study after extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery for anterior circulation ischemia in childhood moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg 77 : 84-89, 1992 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.77.1.0084
  21. Kim CY, Wang KC, Kim SK, Chung YN, Kim HS, Cho BK : Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis with bifrontal encephalogaleo(periosteal)synangiosis in the pediatric moyamoya disease : the surgical technique and its outcomes. Childs Nerv Syst 19 : 316-324, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-003-0742-0
  22. Kim SH, Choi JU, Yang KH, Kim TG, Kim DS : Risk factors for postoperative ischemic complications in patients with moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg 103 (5 Suppl) : 433-438, 2005
  23. Kim SK, Cho BK, Phi JH, Lee JY, Chae JH, Kim KJ, et al. : Pediatric moyamoya disease : an analysis of 410 consecutive cases. Ann Neurol 68 : 92-101, 2010 https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21981
  24. Kim SK, Seol HJ, Cho BK, Hwang YS, Lee DS, Wang KC : Moyamoya disease among young patients : its aggressive clinical course and the role of active surgical treatment. Neurosurgery 54 : 840-844; discussion 844-846, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000114140.41509.14
  25. Kim SK, Wang KC, Kim IO, Lee DS, Cho BK : Combined encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis and bifrontal encephalogaleo(periosteal)synangiosis in pediatric moyamoya disease. Neurosurgery 50 : 88-96, 2002
  26. Kuroda S, Houkin K, Kamiyama H, Abe H, Mitsumori K : Regional cerebral hemodynamics in childhood moyamoya disease. Childs Nerv Syst 11 : 584-590, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00300997
  27. Kuroda S, Houkin K : Moyamoya disease : current concepts and future perspectives. Lancet Neurol 7 : 1056-1066, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70240-0
  28. Kuroda S, Houkin K, Ishikawa T, Nakayama N, Ikeda J, Ishii N, et al. : Determinants of intellectual outcome after surgical revascularization in pediatric moyamoya disease : a multivariate analysis. Childs Nerv Syst 20 : 302-308, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-004-0924-4
  29. Kurokawa T, Tomita S, Ueda K, Narazaki O, Hanai T, Hasuo K, et al. : Prognosis of occlusive disease of the circle of Willis (moyamoya disease) in children. Pediatr Neurol 1 : 274-277, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-8994(85)90027-X
  30. Lee JY, Phi JH, Wang KC, Cho BK, Shin MS, Kim SK : Neurocognitive profiles of children with moyamoya disease before and after surgical intervention. Cerebrovasc Dis 31 : 230-237, 2011 https://doi.org/10.1159/000321901
  31. Matsushima T, Inoue T, Suzuki SO, Fujii K, Fukui M, Hasuo K : Surgical treatment of moyamoya disease in pediatric patients--comparison between the results of indirect and direct revascularization procedures. Neurosurgery 31 : 401-405, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199209000-00003
  32. Matsushima T, Inoue TK, Suzuki SO, Inoue T, Ikezaki K, Fukui M, et al. : Surgical techniques and the results of a fronto-temporo-parietal combined indirect bypass procedure for children with moyamoya disease : a comparison with the results of encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis alone. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 99 Suppl 2 : S123-S127, 1997
  33. Matsushima Y, Aoyagi M, Koumo Y, Takasato Y, Yamaguchi T, Masaoka H, et al. : Effects of encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis on childhood moyamoya patients--swift disappearance of ischemic attacks and maintenance of mental capacity. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 31 : 708-714, 1991 https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.31.708
  34. Matsushima Y, Aoyagi M, Masaoka H, Suzuki R, Ohno K : Mental outcome following encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in children with moyamoya disease with the onset earlier than 5 years of age. Childs Nerv Syst 6 : 440-443, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00302089
  35. Matsushima Y, Aoyagi M, Nariai T, Takada Y, Hirakawa K : Long-term intelligence outcome of post-encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis childhood moyamoya patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 99 Suppl 2 : S147-S150, 1997
  36. Miyamoto S, Akiyama Y, Nagata I, Karasawa J, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N, et al. : Long-term outcome after STA-MCA anastomosis for moyamoya disease. Neurosurg Focus 5 : e5, 1998
  37. Nakashima H, Meguro T, Kawada S, Hirotsune N, Ohmoto T : Long-term results of surgically treated moyamoya disease. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 99 Suppl 2 : S156-S161, 1997
  38. Ohtaki M, Uede T, Morimoto S, Nonaka T, Tanabe S, Hashi K : Intellectual functions and regional cerebral haemodynamics after extensive omental transplantation spread over both frontal lobes in childhood moyamoya disease. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 140 : 1043-1053; discussion 1052-1053, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1007/s007010050213
  39. Park JH, Yang SY, Chung YN, Kim JE, Kim SK, Han DH, et al. : Modified encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis with bifrontal encephalogaleoperiosteal synangiosis for the treatment of pediatric moyamoya disease. Technical note. J Neurosurg 106 (3 Suppl) : 237-242, 2007
  40. Pasquier F : Early diagnosis of dementia : neuropsychology. J Neurol 246 : 6-15, 1999
  41. Phi JH, Wang KC, Cho BK, Lee MS, Lee JH, Yu KS, et al. : Long-term social outcome in children with moyamoya disease who have reached adulthood. J Neurosurg Pediatr 8 : 303-309, 2011 https://doi.org/10.3171/2011.6.PEDS10578
  42. Sakamoto T, Kawaguchi M, Kurehara K, Kitaguchi K, Furuya H, Karasawa J : Risk factors for neurologic deterioration after revascularization surgery in patients with moyamoya disease. Anesth Analg 85 : 1060-1065, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199711000-00018
  43. Sato H, Sato N, Tamaki N, Matsumoto S : Chronic low-perfusion state in children with moyamoya disease following revascularization. Childs Nerv Syst 6 : 166-171, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00308495
  44. Scott RM, Smith JL, Robertson RL, Madsen JR, Soriano SG, Rockoff MA : Long-term outcome in children with moyamoya syndrome after cranial revascularization by pial synangiosis. J Neurosurg 100 (2 Suppl Pediatrics) : 142-149, 2004 https://doi.org/10.3171/ped.2004.100.2.0142
  45. Takahashi A, Kamiyama H, Houkin K, Abe H : Surgical treatment of childhood moyamoya disease--comparison of reconstructive surgery centered on the frontal region and the parietal region. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 35 : 231-237, 1995 https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.35.231
  46. Turken A, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Bammer R, Baldo JV, Dronkers NF, Gabrieli JD : Cognitive processing speed and the structure of white matter pathways : convergent evidence from normal variation and lesion studies. Neuroimage 42 : 1032-1044, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.03.057
  47. Williams TS, Westmacott R, Dlamini N, Granite L, Dirks P, Askalan R, et al. : Intellectual ability and executive function in pediatric moyamoya vasculopathy. Dev Med Child Neurol 54 : 30-37, 2012

Cited by

  1. Long-term follow-up of pediatric moyamoya disease treated by combined direct-indirect revascularization surgery: single institute experience with surgical and perioperative management vol.39, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-016-0734-7
  2. Moyamoya Disease: Treatment and Outcomes vol.18, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2015.01739
  3. Neuropsychological impacts of indirect revascularization for pediatric moyamoya disease vol.34, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-018-3804-z
  4. Psychiatric Comorbidity in Moyamoya Disease and Preliminary Guidelines For Treatment vol.176, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18040404
  5. Stress and mood of adults with moyamoya disease: A cross‐sectional study vol.22, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12729
  6. Preoperative neurodevelopment of children with moyamoya angiopathy vol.63, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14708
  7. The Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients: Measurement Tool Development and Psychometric Evaluation vol.18, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084064