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FMECA Procedure for Failure Analysis of Train High-Speed Circuit Breaker

전동차 고속차단기 고장 분석을 위한 FMECA 기법

  • Kim, Sung-Ryeol (Department of Railway Electrical/Signalling Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Moon, Yong-Sun (Megaelec Co.) ;
  • Choi, Kyu-Hyoung (Department of Railway Electrical/Signalling Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 김성렬 (서울과학기술대학교 철도전기신호공학과) ;
  • 문용선 ((주)메가일렉) ;
  • 최규형 (서울과학기술대학교 철도전기신호공학과)
  • Received : 2015.03.19
  • Accepted : 2015.05.07
  • Published : 2015.05.31

Abstract

FMECA(Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis) techniques to make quantitative evaluation of failure effects severity and criticality have been applied to systematic failure analysis for reliability improvement of train which should provide regular service and secure high level of safety as a mass transportation system. These FMECA techniques do not fully reflect the inherent train operation and maintenance circumstances because they are based on the FMECA standards devised for other industries such as automobile industry and FMECA standard dedicated to train industry has not been established yet. This paper analyzes FMECA standards for various industries, and suggests a FMECA technique dedicated to train industry which makes failure effect analysis and criticality analysis step by step and makes criticality analysis placing emphasis on the severity of the failure effect. The proposed technique is applied to FMECA of high-speed current breaker which is a core safety device of train using field failure data for 15 years of train maintenance. The FMECA results show that breakage of arc chute has the highest risk with 3rd severity class and 5th criticality class among all the components of high-speed circuit breaker. Damage and poor contact of electronic valve, and cylinder breakage with 3rd severity class and 4th criticality class are followed by. These results can be applied to improvement of design and maintenance process for high-speed circuit breaker of train.

전동차는 대용량 교통수단으로서 정시 운행 및 높은 안전성이 요구되기 때문에, 고장 분석을 체계적으로 수행하여 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위한 수단으로서 고장 영향의 심각도 및 치명도를 정량적으로 평가하는 FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) 기법이 적용되고 있다. 그러나, 아직까지 전동차에 특화된 FMECA 규격 및 절차는 정립되어 있지 않고 자동차 산업 등 다른 산업분야의 FMECA 규격을 그대로 적용하고 있기 때문에 전동차의 고유한 운영 및 유지보수 여건을 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 산업계 각 분야에서 적용되고 있는 FMECA 규격에 대한 분석을 토대로, 전동차 분야에 적합한 FMECA 기법으로서 고장 영향 분석과 치명도 분석을 단계별로 나누어 수행하고 고장 영향의 심각도에 중점을 두어 치명도를 분석하는 기법을 제시하였다. 제안 기법을 전동차의 핵심 안전 장치인 고속차단기에 적용하여 도시철도 현장에서의 15년 동안의 전동차 유지보수 데이터를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 고속차단기 부품 중에서 특히 아크 슈트의 절손이 심각도 3등급, 치명도 5등급으로 위험도가 가장 높았으며, 뒤를 이어서 전자변 파손 및 접촉 불량, 실린더 파손 등이 심각도 3등급, 치명도 4등급으로 위험도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 분석 결과는 전동차 고속차단기의 설계 및 유지보수 업무의 개선에 활용할 수 있다.

Keywords

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