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The Forest Experience Program and Improvement of Depression, Anxiety, and Self-concept in Adolescents

산림 체험 프로그램이 청소년의 우울감, 불안감, 자아상에 미치는 영향

  • Chang, Jisoon (Department of Psychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University) ;
  • Kim, Nam Young (Korea National Park Service Eco-Learning Institute) ;
  • Lee, Suk Hee (Korea National Park Service Eco-Learning Institute) ;
  • Kim, Bongseog (Department of Psychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University)
  • 장지순 (인제대학교 상계백병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 김남영 (국립공원관리공단 생태탐방연수원) ;
  • 이숙희 (국립공원관리공단 생태탐방연수원) ;
  • 김봉석 (인제대학교 상계백병원 정신건강의학과)
  • Received : 2014.01.24
  • Accepted : 2015.01.07
  • Published : 2015.03.31

Abstract

Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of forest experience program on depression, anxiety, and self concept in adolescents living in urban area. A total of 47 adolescents living in Seoul, South Korea were recruited for the study and participated in a series of forest experience programs that the Korea National Park Service had developed. Before and after applying the program, their depression, anxiety, and self concept were evaluated using Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Revised Child Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and Offer Self Image Questionnaire-Revised (OSIQ). The outcome measures were analyzed using paired-t tests. CDI score was significantly reduced after the program (before:$12.41{\pm}8.34$, after:$8.65{\pm}9.48$). Excluding 16 participants whose scores of Lie Scale in the RCMAS were more than 8 on the analysis, the total RCMAS score showed significant reduction after the program (before:$14.87{\pm}7.30$, after:$10.81{\pm}7.81$). There was no significant difference in the total score of the total self-image scale in the OSIQ. However, the Self-confidence (SC) which was used as subscale of the OSIQ was significantly higher after the program (before:$29.94{\pm}3.71$, after:$38.11{\pm}6.45$), and the Idealism scale (I) in the OSIQ increased significantly after the program (before:$21.03{\pm}3.80$, after:$23.17{\pm}3.89$). On our analysis, the forest experience program showed considerable positive effects on depression and anxiety in adolescents. This result leads the postulation that the program might be helpful for adolescents to adapt to their surrounding experiences and to achieve improvement in interpersonal relationship.

본 연구의 목표는 청소년의 사회성 증진을 위해 산림 체험 프로그램을 적용하여 프로그램이 청소년의 우울감, 불안감, 자아상에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하는 것이다. 서울북부교육지원청 관내 14세에서 19세 사이의 청소년 47명을 대상으로 국립공원관리공단에서 개발한 산림 체험 프로그램을 적용하였다. 프로그램 전후로 연구 참가자의 우울감, 불안감과 자아상 발달 정도를 측정하기 위하여 Children's Depression Inventory(CDI), Revised Child Manifest Anxiety Scale(RCMAS), Offer Self Image Questionnaire-Revised(OSIQ)를 사용하였다. 프로그램 전후로 상태의 개선 정도를 확인하기 위해 paired-T test를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, CDI는 프로그램 전 $12.41{\pm}8.34$점에서 프로그램 후 $8.65{\pm}9.48$점으로 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 보였다. 허구척도가 8점 이상인 16명을 제외한 31명을 분석하였을 때 RCMAS 총점은 프로그램 전 $14.87{\pm}7.30$점에서 프로그램 후 $10.81{\pm}7.81$점으로 감소하였다. 전체 자아상 척도(total self-image scale, tsi)는 프로그램 시행 전 $398.40{\pm}41.86$점에서 $401.92{\pm}67.08$점으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았으나 하위 척도인 자신감 척도(self-confidence, SC)는 $29.94{\pm}3.71$점에서 $38.11{\pm}6.45$점으로 통계적으로 의미 있게 상승하였다. 다른 하위 척도인 이상주의 척도(idealism, I)는 $21.03{\pm}3.80$점에서 $23.17{\pm}3.89$점으로 통계적으로 의미있게 상승하였다. 따라서 산림 체험 프로그램은 청소년의 우울감과 불안감을 감소시키고 청소년들이 당면한 상황에 잘 적응할 수 있도록 도와주며 타인을 기꺼이 도울 수 있는 태도를 가지는데 영향을 준다.

Keywords

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