DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Wheat Protein Isolate Films Cross-linked with Resorcinol

  • Chandrasekhar, M. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Prabhakar, M.N. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Song, Jung-Il (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University)
  • Received : 2015.03.05
  • Accepted : 2015.04.29
  • Published : 2015.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of the present work was to preparation and study of full biodegradable Eco-friendly bio-composites by using renewable resources. In this study, wheat protein isolate (WPI) films were formed by cross linking with resorcinol through solution casting method for packaging applications. By varying the resorcinol content (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt %), its effect on mechanical properties of the wheat protein isolate film was measured. The addition of 20% resorcinol led to an overall increase in the tensile strength from 5.2 to 18.6 MPa and modulus increase from 780 to 1132 MPa than WPI films. The % elongation was increased from 2.8 to 9.05 when compared to unmodified WPI film. A thermal phase transition of the prepared WPI was assessed by means of DSC. FTIR is evident that the characteristic WPI spectral IR bands shifted on cross-linking with resorcinol.

Keywords

References

  1. Tharanathan, R.N., "Biodegradable Films and Composite Coatings: Past, Present and Future", Trends in Food Science & Technology, Vol. 14, 2003, pp. 71-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(02)00280-7
  2. Hunt, R.G., Sellers, V.R., Franklin, W.E., Nelson, J.M., Rathje, W.L., Hughes, W.W., and Wilson, D.C., "Estimates of the Volume of MSW and Selected Components in Trash Cans and Landfills", Franklin Associates Ltd. Prairie Village, Kansas and the Garbage Project, Tucson Arizona, 1990.
  3. Krochta, J.M., and De Mulder-Johnston, C., "Edible and Biodegradable Polymer Films: Challenges and Opportunities", Food Technology, Vol. 51, 1997, pp. 61-74.
  4. Zhang, J., Mungara, P., and Jane, J., "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Soy Protein Sheets", Polymer, Vol. 42, 2001, pp. 2569-2578. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00624-8
  5. Yamamoto, Y., Zahora, D., and Netravali, A.N., "Determination of the Interfacial Properties between Modified Soy Protein Resin and Kenaf Fiber", Composite Interfaces, Vol. 14, 2007, pp. 699-713. https://doi.org/10.1163/156855407782106456
  6. Lodha, P., and Nethravali, A.N., "Characterization of Stearic Acid Modified Soy Protein Isolate Resin and Ramie Fiber Reinforced 'green' Composites", Comp Science and Technology, Vol. 65, 2005, pp. 1211-1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.12.036
  7. Lodha, P., and Nethravali, A.N., "Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Environment-friendly 'green' Plastics from Stearic Acid Modified-soy Protein Isolate", Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 21, 2005, pp. 49-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2003.12.006
  8. Lodha, P., and Netravali, A.N., "Characterization of Interfacial and Mechanical Properties of "green" Composites with Soy Protein Isolate and Ramie Fiber", Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 37, 2002, pp. 3657-3665. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016557124372
  9. Gioia, D.I., and Guilbert, S., "Corn Protein-based Thermoplastic Resins: Effect of Some Polar and Amphiphilic Plasticizers", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 47, 1999, pp. 1254-1261. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980976j
  10. Anker, M., Standing, M., and Hermonsoon, A.M., "Effect of pH and the Gel State and the Gel State on the Mechanical Properties, Moisture Contents, and Tgs of Why Protein Films", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 47, 1999, pp. 1878-1886. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf981115d
  11. Marquie, C., Aymard, C., Cuq, J.L., and Guilbert, S., "Biodegradable Packaging Made from Cottonseed Flour: Formation and Improvement by Chemical Treatments with Gossypol, formaldehyde, and Glutaraldehyde", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 43, 1995, pp. 2762-2767. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00058a040
  12. ADPI. American Dairy Products Institute. Whey Products Utilization and Production Trends, Illinois, 2002, pp. 35.
  13. Marshall, K., "Therapeutic Applications of Whey Protein", Alternative Medicine Review, Vol. 9, 2004, pp. 136-156.
  14. Aguilera, J.M., "Gelation of Whey Proteins", Food Technology, Vol. 49, 1995, pp. 83-89.
  15. Walzem, R.L., Dillard, C.J., and German, J.B., "Whey Components. Millennia of Evolution Create Functionalities for Mammalian Nutrition: What We Know and What We May be Overlooking", Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol. 42, 2002, pp. 353-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408690290825574
  16. Guilbert, S., and Graille, J., "Biomateria Uxetmolecules Fonctionnelles. In Valorisations Non Alimentaires Des Grandes Productions Agricoles. Les Colloques, Gueguen, J (ed) INRA Editions, Paris, Vol. 71, 1994, pp. 195-206.
  17. Mohanty, A.K., Misra, M., and Hinrichsen, G., "Biofibres, Biodegradable Polymers and Biocomposites: An Overview", Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Vol. 276, 2000, pp. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00576-6
  18. Paulo J. do A. Sobral, Juliana S. dos Santos, and Farah T. Garcia, "Effect of Protein and Plasticizer Concentrations in Film Forming Solutions on Physical Properties of Edible Films Based on Muscle Proteins of a Thai Tilapia", Journal of Food Engineering, Vol. 70, 2005, pp. 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.09.015
  19. Josiane Irissin-Mangata, Gerard Bauduin, Bernard Boutevin, Nathalie Gontard, "New Plasticizers for Wheat Gluten Films", European Polymer Journal, Vol. 37, 2001, pp. 1533-1541. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(01)00039-8
  20. de Carvalho, R.A., and Grosso, C.R.F., "Properties of Chemically Modified Gelatin Films", Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 23, 2006, pp. 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-66322006000100006
  21. Mo, X., and Sun, X., "Plasticization of Soy Protein Polymer by Polyol-Based Plasticizers", Journal of Oil & Fat Industries, Vol. 79, 2002, pp. 197-202.
  22. Yin, S.W., Tang, C.H., Wen, Q.B., and Yang, X.Q., "Properties of Cast Films from Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and Soy Protein Isolates. A Comparative Study", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 55, 2007, pp. 7399-7404. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071117a
  23. Olivier Orliac, Antoine Rouilly, Francoise Silvestre, and Luc Rigal, "Effects of Various Plasticizers on the Mechanical Properties, Water Resistance and Aging of Thermo-moulded Films Made from Sunflower Proteins", Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 18, 2003, pp. 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6690(03)00015-3
  24. Lodovico di Gioia and Stephane Guilbert, "Corn Protein-Based Thermoplastic Resins: Effect of Some Polar and Amphiphilic Plasticizers", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 47, 1999, pp. 1254-1261. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980976j
  25. Saremnezhad, S., Azizi, M.H., Barzegar, M., Abbasi, S., and Ahmadi, E., "Properties of a New Edible Film Made of Faba Bean Protein Isolate", Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Vol. 13, 2011, pp. 181-192.
  26. Ramos, O.L., Reinas, I., Silva, S.I., Fernandes, J.C., Cerqueira, M.A., Pereira, R.N., Vicente, A.A., Pocas, M.F., Pintado, M.E., and Malcata, F.X., "Effect of Whey Protein Purity and Glycerol Content Upon Physical Properties of Edible Films Manufactured Therefrom", Food Hydrocolloids, Vol. 30, 2013, pp. 110-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.05.001
  27. Birley, A.W., "Polymers: Structure and Properties", C. A. Daniels, Technomic Publishing AG, Switzerland, 1989. pp. vii + 107, price SwF 110/$\pounds$40.45. ISBN 0-87762-552-2, British Polymer Journal, Vol. 22, 1990, pp. 261-262.
  28. Song, Y., Zheng, Q., and Liu, C., "Green Biocomposites from Wheat Gluten and Hydroxyethyl Cellulose: Processing and Properties", Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 28, 2008, pp. 56-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.01.004
  29. Sun, S., Song, Y., and Zheng, Q., "Morphologies and Properties of Thermo-molded Biodegradable Plastics Based on Glycerolplasticized Wheat Gluten", Food Hydrocolloids, Vol. 21, 2007, pp. 1005-1013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.03.004
  30. Jagadeesh, D., Jeevan Prasad Reddy, D., and Varada Rajulu, A., "Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Films from Wheat Protein Isolate", Journal of Polymers and the Environment, Vol. 19, 2011, pp. 248-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-010-0271-3
  31. Chandra Sekhar, M., Veerapratap, S., Song, J.I., Luo, N., Zhang, J., Varada Rajulu, A., and Chowdoji Rao, K., "Tensile Properties of Short Waste Silk Fibers/wheat Protein Isolate Green Composites", Materials Letters, Vol. 77, 2012, pp. 86-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.02.115
  32. Jagadeesh, D., Jeevan Prasad Reddy, D., Varada Rajulu, A., and Li, R., "Green Composites from Wheat Protein Isolate and Hildegardia Populifolia Natural Fabric", Polymer Composites, Vol. 32, 2011, pp. 398-406. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.21055
  33. Jagadeesh, D., Jeevan Prasad Reddy, D., and Varada Rajulu, A., "Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Films from Wheat Protein Isolate", J. Polym. Environ., Vol. 19, 2011, pp. 248-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-010-0271-3
  34. Song, Y., Zheng, Q., and Liu, C., "Green Biocomposites from Wheat Gluten and Hydroxyethyl Cellulose: Processing and Properties", Ind. Crops. Prod., Vol. 28, 2008, pp. 56-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.01.004
  35. Sun, S., Song, Y., and Zheng, Q., "Morphologies and Properties of Thermo-molded Biodegradable Plastics Based on Glycerolplasticized Wheat Gluten", Food Hydrocol, Vol. 21, 2007, pp. 1005-1013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.03.004
  36. Galdeano, M.C., Mali, S., Grossmann, M.V.E., Yamashita, F., and Garcia, M.A., "Effects of Plasticizers on the Properties of Oat Starch Films", Mater Sci Eng: C, Vol. 29, 2009, pp. 532-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2008.09.034