Weed & Turfgrass Science

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Biological Control of the Black Cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with the Korean Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 Strain (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) in Turfgrasses

잔디에서 한국산 곤충병원성선충, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 계통을 이용한 검거세미나방의 생물적 방제

  • Lee, Dong Woon (Major of Applied Biology, School of Environmental Ecology and Tourism, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Potter, Daniel A. (Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky)
  • 이동운 (경북대학교 생태환경관광학부 생물응용전공) ;
  • Received : 2015.02.16
  • Accepted : 2015.03.12
  • Published : 2015.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) is a major insect pest of economic crops including turfgrasses on golf courses. The entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain (ScG), a Korean isolate, is an effective biological control agent for soil dwelling and greenhouse insect pests in Korea. In addition, ScG is commercially produced in Korea. We conducted laboratory, greenhouse, and field trials to evaluate efficacy of ScG against black cutworms in turfgrasses. A rate of 63 infective juveniles (Ijs) per larva killed >90% of $3^{rd}$ instars feeding in cups of artificial diet within 3 days. In greenhouse trials against cutworms feeding in pots of turfgrass, efficacy of ScG was higher against $4^{th}$ instars than against $2^{nd}$ instars (90.0 vs 81.2% mortality, respectively, at $2,000Ijs\;pot^{-1}$) in perennial ryegrass, and higher against $3^{rd}$ instars in creeping bentgrass, Agrostis palustris than in zoysiagrass, Zoysia japonica (96.7 vs 52.5% mortality at $100,000Ijs\;m^{-2}$) in pot. The corrected mortality of $4^{th}$ instar was 79.9% at the rate of $100,000Ijs\;m^{-2}$ in the creeping bentgrass in the field. So ScG could be used as biological control agent against black cutworm in turfgrass of golf courses.

검거세미나방(Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel))은 골프장의 잔디를 비롯한 많은 경제작물에 주요해충의 하나이다. 곤충병원성선충, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 계통(ScG)은 우리나라에서 분리된 것으로 시설재배 해충을 비롯한 토양서식 해충 방제에 유용한 생물적 방제인자로 우리나라에서 상업적으로 생산되고 있다. 본 연구는 검거세미나방에 대한 ScG의 병원성을 실험실과 온실, 포장에서 검정하였다. 검거세미나방 인공사료 배지에서 3령충을 대상으로 63마리 감염태 유충(Ijs)을 접종한 결과 3일후에 90%이상의 치사율을 보였다. 검거세미나방 령기와 잔디 초종별에 따른 ScG의 병원성은 검거세미나방 2령충에 비하여 4령충에서 높았고 (90.0% 대 81.2% 치사율, $2,000Ijs\;pot^{-1}$), 검거세미나방 3령충에 대한 초종별 병원성은 크리핑벤트그라스(Agrostis palustris)에서가 들잔디(Zoysia japonica)에 비해서 높았다(96.7% 대 52.5% 치사율, $100,000Ijs\;m^{-2}$). 크리핑벤트그라스 포장에서는 $m^2$당 100,000 Ijs ScG처리 시 검거세미나방 4령충에 대한 보정사충율은 79.9%였다. 따라서 한국산 곤충병원성선충 ScG는 골프장 잔디에서 검거세미나방의 생물적방제 인자로 활용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

References

  1. Abbott, W.S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18:265-267.
  2. Buhler, W.G. and Gibb, T.J. 1994. Persistence of Steinernema carpocapsae and S. glaseri (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as measured by their control of black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in bentgrass. J. Econ. Entomol. 87:638-642. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/87.3.638
  3. Capinera, J.L., Pelissier, D.G., Menout, S. and Epsky, N.D. 1988. Control of black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae). J. Invertebr. Pathol. 52:427-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(88)90055-9
  4. Cho, S.R. 2006. Environmental friendly control of caterpillars occurring on leaf vegetable in greenhouse with entomopathogenic nematodes. PhD Diss. Gyeongsang Nat. Univ., Jinju. (In Korean)
  5. Choo, H.Y., Kaya, H.K. and Reed, D.K. 1988. Biological control of onion maggot and tobacco cutworm with insect-parasitic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis heliothidis. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 27:185-189. (In Korean)
  6. Choo, H.Y., Lee, D.W., Lee, S.M., Lee, T.W., Choi, W.G., et al. 2000. Turfgrass insect pests and natural enemies in golf courses. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 39:171-179.
  7. Choo, H.Y., Lee, D.W., Park, J.W., Kaya, H.K., Smitley, D.R., et al. 2002. Life history and spatial distribution of oriental beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in golf courses in Korea. J. Econ. Entomol. 95:72-80 https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.1.72
  8. Dutky, S.R., Thompson, J.V. and Cantwell, G.E. 1964. A technique for the mass propagation of the DD-136 nematode. J. Insect Pathol. 6:417-422.
  9. Ebssa, L. and Koppenhofer, A.M. 2011. Efficacy and persistence of entomopathogenic nematodes for black cutworm control in turfgrass. Biocon. Sci. Tech. 21(7):779-796. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2011.584610
  10. Frank, S.D. and Shrewsbury, P.M. 2004. Consumption of black cutworms, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and alternative prey by common golf course predators. Environ. Entomol. 33:1681-1688. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-33.6.1681
  11. Georgis, R. 1990. Formulation and application technology, pp. 173-191, In: Gaugler, R. and Kaya, H.K. (Eds.). Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.
  12. Hong, S.C. and Williamson, R.C. 2006. Suitability of various turfgrass species and cultivars for development and survival of black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 99:850-857. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.3.850
  13. Hong, S.C., Held, D.W. and Williamson, R.C. 2011. Generalist predators and predation of black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon larvae in close mown creeping bentgrass. Fl. Entomol. 94(3):714-715. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.094.0345
  14. Jung, Y.H., Kim, J.J., You. E.J., Lee, C.M., Choo, H.Y., et al. 2013. Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematode against armyworm, Pseudaletia separate on tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea. Weed Turf. Sci. 2(3):312-317. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2013.2.3.312
  15. Kang, Y.J., Lee, D.W., Choo, H.Y., Lee, S.M., Kweon, T.W., et al. 2004. Bioloigical control of Spodoptera depravata (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using entomopathogenic nematodes. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 43:61-70. (In Korean)
  16. Kaya, H.K. and Gaugler, R. 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 38:181-206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.38.010193.001145
  17. Kim, H.H., Cho, S.R., Lee, D.W., Lee, S.M. and Choo, H.Y. 2006a. Biological control of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematid and Heterorhabditid) in greenhouse. Korean J. Pesticide Sci. 10(4):335-343. (In Korean)
  18. Kim, H.H., Choo, H.Y., Kaya, H.K., Lee, D.W., Lee, S.M., et al. 2004. Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as a biological control agent against the fungus gnat Bradysia agrestis (Diptera: Sciaridae) in propagation houses. Biocon. Sci. Technol. 14:171-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583150310001655693
  19. Kim, H.H., Jeon, H.Y., Cho, S.R., Lee, D.W. and Choo, H.Y. 2006b. Persistence of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain on vegetable leaf in greenhouse. Korean J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 24(2):198-204. (In Korean)
  20. Kim, H.S., Kim, S.H. and Choi, K.M. 1980. Studies on bionomics and control of cutworms. Korean J. Pl. Prot. 19(4):244-250. (In Korean)
  21. Kondo, E. and Ishibashi, N. 1986. Infection efficacy Steinernema feltiae (DD-136) to the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on the soil. Appl. Ent. Zool. 21:561-571. https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.21.561
  22. Lee, C.M., Kwon, O.G., Lee, K.S., Lee, S.M., Choi, S.H., et al. 2014. Insect pests in turf sod production areas in Korea. Weed Turf. Sci. 3(2):114-120. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2014.3.2.114
  23. Lee, D.W. and Potter, D.A. 2013. Effect of essential oils and paraffin oil on black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Weed Turf. Sci. 2(1):62-69. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2013.2.1.062
  24. Lee, D.W., Choo, H.Y., Smitley, D.R., Lee, S.M., Shin, H.K., et al. 2007. Distribution and adult activity of Popillia quadriguttata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on golf courses in Korea. J. Econ. Entomol. 100:103-109. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/100.1.103
  25. Lee, D.W., Choo, H.Y., Shin, O.J., Yun, J.S. and Kim, Y.S. 2002. Damage of perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne by chestnut brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and biological control with Korean isolate of entomopathogenic nematodes. Kor. J. Appl. Entomol. 41:217-223. (In Korean)
  26. Lopez, R. and Potter, D.A. 2000. Ant predation on eggs and larvae of the black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in turfgrass. Environ. Entomol. 29:116-125. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-29.1.116
  27. Merei, S.S., Amr, E.M. and salem, N.Y. 2009. Effect of some plant oils on biological, physiological and biochemical aspects of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Res. J. Agricul. Biological Sci. 5(1):103-107.
  28. Potter, D.A. 1998. Destructive turfgrass insects biology, diagnosis, and control. Ann Arbor Press, Michigan, USA.
  29. Prater, C.A., Redmond, C.T., Barney, W., Bonning, B.C. and Potter, D.A. 2006. Microbial control of black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in turfgrass using Agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. J. Econ. Entomol. 99:1129-1137. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.4.1129
  30. Sherrod, D.W., Shaw, J.T. and Luckmann, W.H. 1979. Concepts on black cutworm field biology in Illinois. Environ. Entomol. 8(2):191-195. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/8.2.191
  31. Shetlar, D.J. and Williamson, R.C. 2012. Cutworms, pp. 28-30. In: Brandenburg, R.L. and Freeman, C.P. (Eds.). Handbook of turfgrass insects. The Entomological Society of America. Lanham, USA.
  32. Showers, W.B. 1997. Migratory ecology of the black cutworm. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 42:393-425. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.42.1.393
  33. Statistix 8. 2003. User's manual. pp. 396. Analytical Software. Tallahassee, USA.
  34. Thomson, W.T. 1992. A worldwide guide to beneficial animals (insects, mites, nematodes) used for pest control purposes. pp. 54-65. Thomson Publications, Fresno, USA.
  35. Williamson, R.C. and Shetlar, D.J. 1995. Oviposition, egg location, and diel periodicity of feeding by black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on bentgrass maintained at golf course cutting heights. J. Econ. Entomol. 88:1292-1295. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/88.5.1292
  36. Woodring, J.L. and Kaya, H.K. 1988. Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae nematodes: a handbook of techniques. Southern Coop. Ser. Bull. 331, Alkansas Agri. Exp. Stn. USA.
  37. Zimmerman, R.J. and Cranshaw, W.S. 1990. Compatibility of three entomogenous nematodes in aqueous solution of pesticides used in turfgrass maintenance. J. Econ. Entomol. 83(1):97-100. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.1.97