Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Lower Limb Muscle Activity on Postural Stability and Ground Type During Gait in Elderly Women

보행 시 여성노인의 자세안정성과 지면형태가 하지 근활성도에 미치는 영향

  • Woo, Byung-Hoon (Major of Sport & Leisure Studies, College of Physical Education, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Park, Yang-Sun (Department of Physical Education, College of Performing Arts and Sport, Hanyang University)
  • 우병훈 (경기대학교 체육대학 사회체육학과) ;
  • 박양선 (한양대학교 예술체육대학 체육학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.30
  • Accepted : 2015.03.27
  • Published : 2015.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of lower limb muscle activity on postural stability and ground type in elderly women subjects. Method : Forty two subjects participated in the experiment (high group - age: $74.29{\pm}4.13yr$, height: $152.44{\pm}5.54cm$, weight: $57.43{\pm}6.16kg$, BMI: $24.77{\pm}2.99$, low group - age: $77.67{\pm}5.16yr$, height: $151.40{\pm}3.93cm$, weight: $60.92{\pm}6.40kg$, BMI: $26.59{\pm}2.57$). Wireless EMG with eight channels was used. Ground types were classified as flat and cushion. Results : In the double-support phase, left and right rectus femoris, left biceps femoris, left and right tibialis anterior, and left gastrocnemius did not show a significant difference in postural stability according to ground type. However right biceps femoris and gastrocnemius showed higher muscle activity in the elderly women group with lower postural stability. In the single-support phase, left and right rectus femoris, right biceps femoris, and left and right tibialis anterior did not show a significant difference in postural stability according to ground type. In addition, left biceps femoris had higher muscle activity in the elderly women group with lower postural stability. Left gastrocnemius had higher muscle activity in the elderly women group with higher postural stability and right gastrocnemius had higher muscle activity in the elderly women group on cushion ground. Conclusion : In a dynamic postural stability and cushion ground, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius muscle activity were high. As a result, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius muscle strengthening exercise on cushion ground could be beneficial in the prevention of falling.

Keywords

References

  1. Bird, M. L., Hill, K., Ball, M., & Williams, A. D. (2009). Effects of resistance and flexibility exercise interventions on balance and related measures in older adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 17(4), 444-454.
  2. Chung, C. S., Yoon, T. J., Yeon, Y. J., & Choi, C. S. (2004). Analysis of kinematics and EMG on stepping over obstacles. The Korean Journal of Physical Education, 43(5), 423-436.
  3. Cohen, H., Blatchly, C. A., & Gombash, L. L. (1993). A study of the clinical test of sensory interaction and balance. Physical Therapy, 73(6), 346-351.
  4. Cram, J. R., Kasman, G. S., & Holtz, J. (1998). Introduction to Surface Electromyography. Maryland, Aspen.
  5. Cromwell, R. L., & Newton, R. A. (2002). Forrest G. Influence of vision on head stabilization strategies in old people during walking. Journal of Gerontology, 57(7), 442-448.
  6. Galley, P. M. (1985). Human Movement. Churchill Livingstone. New York.
  7. Han, B. R., Lee, D. Y., Jeong, S. W., & Lee, H. D. (2014). Changes in the biomechanical properties of ankle plantarflexors follwign 8-week resistance trainng with or without whole-body vibration in older women. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 24(4), 399-415. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2014.24.4.399
  8. Jette, A. M., & Branch, L. G. (1981). The framingham disability study: II. Physical disability among the aging. American Journal of Public Health, 71(11), 1211-1216. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.71.11.1211
  9. Jung, H. S. (2009). A Study of Muscle Activities and Gait Analysis Between Young Adults and Elderly People According to Gait Speed in Level Walking. Unpublished Doctor's Thesis, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea.
  10. Kang, S. W. & Park, Y. S. (2014). Difference of postural stability and gait by BMI level in the elderly. The Korean Journal of Growth and Development, 22(1), 61-66.
  11. Kerrigan, D. C., Todd, M. K., Della Croce, U., Lipsitz, L. A., & Collins, J. J. (1998). Biomechanical gait alterations independent of speed in the healthy elderly: Enidence for specific limiting impairments. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 79(3), 317-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90013-2
  12. Keshner, E. A., Alum, J. H., & Honegger, F. (1993). Predictors of less stable postural responses to support surface rotations in healthy human elderly. Journal of Vestibular Research, 3(4), 419-429.
  13. Kim, S. J. (2007). Motor Learning and Control. 5th edition. Seoul: Daehanmedia.
  14. Lee, H. J., Song, C. H., Lee, K. J., Lee, Y. W., Lee, G. C., Shin, W. S., & Lee, S. W. (2010). The effects of complex exercise training for lower legs muscle strength, muscle endurance, balance ability and gait ability in the elderly. Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, 41(2), 935-947.
  15. Lee, H. K., Lee, J. C., & Song, G. H. (2014). The effects of rhythmic sensorimotor training in unstable surface on balance ability of elderly women. Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine, 9(2), 181-191.
  16. Lockhart, T. E., & Smith, J. L., & Woldstad, J. C. (2005). Effects of aging on the biomechanics of slips and falls. Human Factors, 47(4), 708-729. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872005775571014
  17. Mackinnon, C. D., & Winter, D. A. (1993). Control of whole body balance of the frontal plane during human walking. Journal of Biomechanics, 26(6), 633-644. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(93)90027-C
  18. Mickelborough, J., van der Linden, M. L., Tallis, R. C., & Ennos, A. R. (2004). Muscle activity during gait initiation in normal elderly people. Gait Posture, 19(1), 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00016-X
  19. Muehlbauer, T., Roth, R., Mueller, S., & Granacher, U. (2011). Intra and intersession reliability of balance measures during one-leg standing in young adults. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(8), 2228-2234. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181fb393b
  20. Park, J. S., Choi, E. Y., & Hwang, T. Y. (2002). The effects of strengthening leg muscular strength on the elderly's walking and balance ability. The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy, 14(2), 71-79.
  21. Perry, J. (1992). Gait analysis: normal and pathological function. Thorofare, NJ: Slack Inc.
  22. Province, M. A., Hadley, E. C., Hornbrook, M. C., Lipsitz, L. A., Miller, J. P., Mulrow, C. D., Ory, M. G., Sattin, R. W., Tinetti, M. E., & Wolf, S. L. (1995). The effects of exercise on falls in elderly patients. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 273(17), 1341-1347. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520410035023
  23. Rodacki, A. L., Souza, R. M., Ugrinowitsch, C., Cristopoliski, F., & Fowler, N. E. (2009). Transient effects of stretching exercises on gait parameters of elderly women. Manual Therapy, 14(2), 167-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2008.01.006
  24. Shumway-cook, A., & Woollacott, M. H. (1995). Motor Control; Theory and practical applications. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkin.
  25. Statistics Korea (2010). Aged Person Statistics. Retrieved from http://kostat.go.kr.
  26. Wade, M. G., & Jones, G. (1997). The role of vision and spatial orientation in the maintenance of posture. Physical Therapy, 77(6), 619-628.
  27. Woollacott, M. H., Shumway-cook, A., & Nashner, L. M. (1986). Aging and posture control: changes in sensory organization and muscular coordination. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 23(2), 97-114. https://doi.org/10.2190/VXN3-N3RT-54JB-X16X
  28. Yi, J. H., & Rye, J. S.(2011). Biomechanical alternation of the elderly depending on the type of gait termination. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 21(2), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2011.21.2.189
  29. Yoon, S. Chang, J. K., & Kim, J. (2014). Effects of a water exercise on the lower extremities coordination during obstacle gait in the female elderly - focusing on training and detraining effects. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 24(2), 95-101. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2014.24.2.95

Cited by

  1. The Effects of Age and Walkway Type on Lower Extremities Kinematics in Elderly Women vol.25, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2015.25.3.249