Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Study of the Status of Naturalized Plants in Busan City, South Korea

부산시 귀화식물의 현황과 고찰

  • Lee, Chang-Woo (Ecosafety Research, Bureau of Ecological Conservation Research, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Cho, Hye-Jeong (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University) ;
  • Kang, Min-Jung (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University) ;
  • Huh, Man-Kyu (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Chun (Ecosafety Research, Bureau of Ecological Conservation Research, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Ki (Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University)
  • 이창우 (국립생태원 위해생물연구부) ;
  • 조혜정 (동의대학교 자연생활과학대학 분자생물학과) ;
  • 강민정 (동의대학교 자연생활과학대학 분자생물학과) ;
  • 허만규 (동의대학교 자연생활과학대학 분자생물학과) ;
  • 황인천 (국립생태원 위해생물연구부) ;
  • 최병기 (동의대학교 자연생활과학대학 분자생물학과)
  • Received : 2015.07.10
  • Accepted : 2015.10.14
  • Published : 2015.11.30
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Abstract

Naturalized plants were identified and recorded in Busan city based on field surveys and related literature. These plants consisted of 156 taxa in total, belonging to 31 families, 95 genera, 147 species, and 9 varieties. The Compositae had the highest diversity among 31 families, with 44 taxa, followed by Gramineae, with 24 taxa, and Leguminosae, with 10 taxa Among the plants, 68.6% (107 taxa) were annuals and biennials, and 30.1% (47 taxa) were perennials. There was one shrub (Amorpha fruticosa) and one tree (Robinia pseudoacacia). Naturalized degree 5 plants, as common and abundant plant, founded 26 taxa (96.3%) were most highly ratio from Korean naturalized plants. According to the results of the analysis based on place of origin, 50 (32.1%) taxa were from Europe, and 48 (30.8%) taxa were from North America. Epecophyten was the most common of the naturalized plants, with 123 taxa Sixty-six (42.3%) taxa were introduced during period 1, and 15 (9.6%) were introduced during period 4. Ergasiophygophyten (50.6%) and Kenophyten (32.1%) were the dominant plants in these introduction periods. In conclusion, Busan city acts as a conduit for the introduction of naturalized plants. A sustainable management and monitoring strategy may be needed to prevent the introduction and naturalization of plants.

부산시에 분포하고 있는 귀화식물은 총 31과 95속 147종 9변종으로 총 156분류군으로 확인되었다. 조사된 귀화식물의 과별분포는 국화과가 가장 다양한 44분류군으로 나타났으며, 벼과 24분류군, 콩과 10분류군의 순이었다. 생활형 분석결과 1~2년생 식물이 107분류군으로 전체의 68.6%를 차지했으며, 다년생 식물 47분류군(30.1%), 관목 1분류군(0.6%), 교목 1분류군(0.6%)이 확인되었다. 귀화도 분석결과 귀화도 2가 가장 많은 종수(42분류군)를 나타내었으나, 한반도 전체 귀화식물종의 분포를 고려할 때 귀화도 5의 종이 전체의 96.3%인 26분류군이 출현해 높은 종 다양성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 원산지 분석결과 유럽(50종)과 북아메리카(48종) 원산의 종이 높은 분포율을 보였으며, 정착양식은 이차식생 귀화종이 123분류군으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 유입시기와 유입방법은 유입 1기와 탈출외래종에서 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 부산지역에 분포하는 귀화식물의 분포 특성을 분석한 결과, 삼림을 제외한 대부분의 서식처 유형에서 다양한 귀화식물들이 확인되었으며, 한국 귀화식물종의 중요한 유입경로로 활용되고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 이들 종을 모니터링하기 위한 지속가능한 관리방안의 마련이 필요하며, 유입된 귀화식물의 생태적 특성을 파악하고 체계적인 관리방안 확립이 요구된다.

Keywords

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